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- "Only six electronic digital
- computers would be required to satisfy
- the computing needs of the entire
- United States."
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- Howard Aiken
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- During his time working on this PhD
- at Harvard, Howard Aiken encountered
- differential equations that he could
- only solve numerically. He envisioned
- an electro-mechanical computing device
- that could do much of the tedious work
- for him.
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- With funding from IBM and help from
- Grace Hopper, Aiken completed the
- Harvard Mark I in 1944. This machine
- could add, subtract, multiply, divide,
- and refer to previous values.
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- 1900 - 1973
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- "Life before World War II was
- simple. After that, we had systems."
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- Grace Hopper
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- Our story about the earliest days of
- computers would be incomplete -- and
- duller -- if we forgot to mention
- Grace Hopper. An associate professor
- in math and physics at Vassar, in 1943
- she joined the Navy and was assigned
- to work with Howard Aiken on the
- Harvard Mark I. After her discharge
- from the service, she continued
- working on the Mark series computers.
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- It was Hopper who found a moth stuck
- in a Mark II relay, and commented that
- she had "debugged" the computer.
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- She returned to the military and was
- instrumental in developing the COBOL
- language, which caused a colleague to
- remark, "But Grace, now anyone can
- program a computer."
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- Many students of computing remember
- hearing her lecture and receiving a 19
- inch piece of wire. That 19 inches is
- the distance that light or an electron
- can move in one nanosecond. This is
- why "live" TV reporters often have
- that dumb look on their faces right
- after being asked a question. It is a
- long way up to the satellite and back!
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- She also admitted to creating the
- "Y2K bug" -- using two digit year
- data. No one could imagine in the
- 1960's that the government and
- businesses would still be using the
- same programs 40 years later!
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- 1906 - 1992
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