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- THE EUCLIDEAN ALGORITHM
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-
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- The Euclidean Algorithm (or Division
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- Algorithm) states that given any two
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- positive integers a and b, there exist
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- unique non-negative integers a and b
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- such that
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- a = bq + r WITH 0 <= r < b.
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- Note: The combination of symbols <=
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- is the BASIC notation for 'less than
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- or equal to'. We adopt it for these
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- articles since the usual symbols are
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- not available.
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- Query: Is there a suitable extension
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- of the Algorithm which includes the
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- negative integers as well? Extension
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- in this context means that the
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- extended algorithm must agree with
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- the algorithm above if a and b are
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- both positive. By the way, the answer
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- is yes. See if you can come up with a
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- statement. Try
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- A=BG+R 0<=R<=ABS(B)
- or
- A=BG+R 0<=ABS(R)<ABS(B)
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- where ABS(X) denotes the absolute of
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- X.
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- Example: Let a=25 and b=6. Then since
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- 6 'goes into' 25 four times with a
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- remainder of one', q=4 and r=1 are the
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- integers guaranteed by the Algorithm.
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- The uniqueness of q and r is also
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- guaranteed by the Algorithm. Try to
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- find another pair of integers, q' and
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- r' such that
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- 25 = 6q' + r' 0 <= r' < 6.
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- For example, what's wrong with q'=3
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- and r'=7?
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- As a final comment on the Euclidean
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- Algorithm, you may not be used to the
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- way we have stated it, and you may not
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- recognize it in this form, but if you
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- can do long division, you already know
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- the Euclidean Algorithm.
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