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-
- (K) All Rites Reversed
-
- I, Peter Hartley, wrote this program, InterGif. Under the laws of
- England and every other country I know of, this gives me the right to
- put my name to it, and withholds that right from everyone else unless
- I choose to bestow it. If someone else made a copy of InterGif,
- removed my name from all over it, replaced it with theirs, and
- distributed the program further as an example of how cool *they* were,
- they'd be doing a wrong thing -- and I think most people would agree
- with the law on that one.
- But the laws of England and many other countries give me an
- additional, unrelated right. They would allow me to give you -- or
- even *sell* you -- a copy of the program, and yet prohibit you from
- giving further copies away to your friends! This "copy right" can, and
- does, lead to the absurd situation in which a simple copy command -- a
- command built into every sensible operating system -- can become a
- criminal act. Some even speak of this act as a "theft" from the
- program's authors, even though it has removed from them no physical
- property (the act can take place hundreds of miles from their homes,
- and without them even noticing) and no intellectual property either
- (the new copy still contains the original authors' names).
- I believe it would be morally untenable to exercise this "copy
- right", in just the same way as I choose for moral reasons not to
- exercise another right English law gives me: that of killing foxes for
- fun.
- This piece of software does not have the "©" or "(C)" symbol or
- any other invocation of copy right attached to it. It contains instead
- the (K) symbol and the words "All Rites Reversed", indicating that no
- unrealistic restrictions are placed on your use and your friends' use
- of it. Copy what you like; use it for what you like. Just give me due
- credit. (As I understand it, you're in fact *legally obliged* to give
- me due credit. But that shouldn't be *why* you're doing it!)
- No information in this program is of a personally damaging (to me)
- or nationally damaging (to England) nature. These two cases (and the
- latter only dubiously) are the only ones I can think of where a
- restriction on copying would make sense -- but of course, I would only
- reveal personally damaging information to individuals I personally
- trusted anyway, whether in an electronic or oral form. If I didn't
- personally trust them, I'd make them sign a contract saying they
- wouldn't pass on the information, and I think they'd appreciate the
- reason for that.
- If, on the other hand, I was making someone I didn't know sign
- such a contract regarding a certain piece of information for the sole
- reason that I could then make more money by signing similar contracts
- with other people I didn't know, then I'd hope that person would be a
- little disgusted. Perhaps not too disgusted to refuse to sign,
- exclaiming that the information wasn't worth that (some information,
- sadly, just isn't available in other ways) -- but, I hope, left with a
- nagging nasty taste anyway.
-
- Now, I have your signature on no contract; for some readers of
- these words, I haven't even ever met you. I'm having to trust you
- anyway not to thieve my intellectual property from me by passing off
- these words or programs as your own. It would be logistically
- extremely difficult to ensure, whether by legal or technical means,
- that intellectual property rights were not infringed.
- But on the whole, I *do* trust you. You might turn out to be a
- rogue, but at least I've acquitted myself: by trusting you, I've not
- made myself a rogue. Trusting people is not necessarily the Correct
- Answer (some people, such as John Lennon, have had worse crimes than
- theft committed against them because of it) but it is at least the
- Right Answer.
-
- Having read this document, you get no prizes for working out that
- I've read the GNU Manifesto. But I believe that exercising copyright
- means war, and in any war (to "copy" shamelessly the conclusion to the
- film War Games) the only winning move is not to play.
-