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- Read.Me - Updated 9/15/87
-
- What smail does:
-
- smail is capable of handling UUCP syntax (bang paths, bang
- domains, and at domains are supported) mail transportation
- over UUCP/uux/rmail channels. It will support machines that
- only have UUCP connections, and machines with UUCP links to
- the outside world plus a small number of local machines that
- are reached via SMTP. The domain intelligence is embedded
- in the smail database (e.g. the pathalias output), not the
- sendmail.cf file, so if you have a fancier domain structure
- that involves SMTP or anything other than uux in the domain
- structure, you'll want to modify the sendmail.cf file here or
- merge pieces of the enclosed sendmail.cf into your own.
-
- smail runs under 4.2BSD and System V, as a back end to sendmail;
- and under System V without sendmail. It also replaces rmail, which
- becomes a link to smail. In a sendmail environment, smail depends on
- sendmail to crack the headers, as smail just deals with the envelope.
- smail makes your host capable of using the INTERNET definition in the
- Usenet software.
-
- Features of smail include:
-
- (1) Using pathalias data to choose the best route to your destination.
- (2) Handling of user@domain, domain!user, and host!user syntax.
- (3) Generation of domain!user syntax to be forwarded by other systems.
- (4) Logging of traffic through your machine, by sender, recipient, and
- size of message, so you can, track use and detect abuse of your
- machine.
- (5) Mail being forwarded through your machine to another uux link is
- passed from rmail directly to uux, so there's less overhead on
- your machine (sendmail stays out of the loop.)
- (6) Sendmail-like alias capability for hosts without sendmail.
- (7) Generation of RFC822 required headers for locally generated mail.
- (8) Robust delivery scheme that reroutes only if stated path is inaccessible.
- (8) Mail that is undeliverable is returned to sender.
- (9) Simplicity.
-
- Prerequisites:
-
- A copy of a recent posting of pathalias. (The one posted
- by Peter Honeyman in January 1986 is recommended.)
-
- A current copy of the UUCP map, or at least a copy of the
- appropriate part of it that you're interested in.
-
- A properly registered domain name for your organization, such
- as ATT.COM. (It is possible to run smail using a domain name
- under .UUCP, but since this can't be officially registered,
- it is appropriate only for testing.)
-
- You can get pathalias from the mod.sources Usenet archive
- (contact sources-request@uunet.uu.net or uunet!sources-request)
-
- You can get a UUCP map each month from Usenet newsgroup mod.map.
- The UUCP map is quite large (currently about 2MB) so please don't ask
- to have a copy mailed to you - get a copy from a nearby Usenet site.
-
- You can get a domain name by joining the UUCP Zone. There are
- low membership dues for this, and a registration process that
- will take 2-8 weeks. This Read.Me file may be out of date by
- the time you read it, so we ask you to contact us for current
- dues rates and procedures. Contact uucp-query@Stargate.COM or
- cbosgd!stargate!uucp-query and ask for the UUCP Zone information
- packet. (If you already belong to a network such as CSNET, DDN,
- or BITNET, your organization may already have a domain name. If
- you are also on UUCP, it is recommended that you also join the
- UUCP Zone at the lower rate for organizations whose primary
- affiliation is with another network. See the file "Registry"
- for more information.
-
- Overall structure:
-
- smail is installed in /bin/smail with a link in /bin/rmail. Uuxqt
- calls rmail, which either forwards the message on to the next hop
- directly or, on a sysetm with sendmail, calls sendmail. sendmail
- may decide the message should be delivered by UUCP, and invoke smail,
- which will look up a route and invoke uux. (Note that the choice
- about when to invoke sendmail and when to process a message directly
- can be configured in smail.)
-
- smail uses a database which is generated from pathalias. You take the
- current UUCP map, add some local information and topology data (to tell
- it about the domain tree) and run pathalias. The result is sorted and
- installed in /usr/lib/uucp/paths. There is no hashing done on this
- file - when smail looks up a name it uses a binary search.
-
- Configuration considerations:
-
- You'll note two configuration options in defs.h: HANDLE and ROUTING.
- These control which sorts of addresses smail/rmail will handle, and
- which type of routing they will do. The HANDLE define only affects
- rmail, since smail sets it implicitly. In any case, we recommend
- that you leave HANDLE alone, unless you are making major changes.
-
- ROUTING has three choices: JUSTDOMAIN, ALWAYS, and REROUTE. rmail
- will run as JUSTDOMAIN, the defs.h default. This means rmail will
- only apply routing if it sees "rmail user@domain", and will just call
- uux if it sees "rmail host!user". (If the uux fails, it will call
- smail -r, which will apply ALWAYS routing to try to get the mail
- there anyway. If the ALWAYS routing fails, then REROUTE routing is
- applied. This has the advantage of being low overhead on your
- system, not second guessing a route someone else asked for, and still
- recovering nicely from the mistakes of another system. Your host
- becomes a "smart host" that can get mail anywhere.)
-
- Many people will note huge paths going through their machine. These
- paths are generated by replies to netnews messages, and tend to be 10
- or 20 hops long - far longer than necessary. If you are a bit aggressive,
- you can change -r to -R, which will cause such failed mail to be rerouted,
- thus, mail to a!b!c!d!e!f!g!user will look up a route to g, and send the
- mail to route!g!user. (If it can't find g, it will try f, then e, and
- so on until it finds someone it recognizes.) If you are REALLY aggressive,
- you can change ROUTING to REROUTE in defs.h, to get the same effect for
- ALL rmail being passed through your machine. This may help cut phone
- bills, but it has some disadvantages. It can lengthen a path sometimes,
- e.g. mail to tektronix!user might turn into ihnp4!tektronix!user if your
- routing database says mail to tektronix goes through ihnp4. It makes it
- hard to route around a dead host, or to redirect traffic from a mailing
- list to several different directions. It may also make mail go a different
- path than what your user thought it was, and it affects other hosts that
- route mail through you if you set ROUTING to REROUTE in defs.h. So only
- do this if you know what you are doing, and are willing to live with the
- disadvantages.
-
- #
- #@(#)Read.Me 2.5 (smail) 9/15/87
- #