home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
- ASC2WS.TXT
- Revised 08-02-1989
-
- ASCII TO WORDSTAR CONVERSIONS -
- REMOVING CARRIAGE RETURN/LINE FEED PAIRS (CR/LF) FROM THE
- ENDS OF LINES, FROM INSIDE WORDSTAR ITSELF
-
- Designed for WordStar 5 but should work with all versions.
- ---------------------------------------------------------
- by Barry F. MacDonnell, July 1989.
- CompuServe ID: 71500,3413
- GEnie: B.MACDONNEL3
-
- Public domain: Permission to distribute
- is granted without restriction.
- ---------------------------------------------------------
-
- There may come a time when you want to take someone's text
- file from another word processor, or from a BBS download or
- e-mail letter and use WordStar to "massage" it into the
- shape you want. Or, perhaps you use a simple text editor
- for the small stuff, but now need to import the editor's
- files into WordStar so that you can enhance them. You may
- want to use new margins or highlight text, for example.
-
- Usually you get imported files in ASCII format: no embedded
- codes, just plain text with each line ending in a hard
- carriage return. This format that can be read by any
- word processor or text editor.
-
- But ... eliminating all unwanted hard carriage returns
- and line feeds (abbreviated here as CR/LF, but which show
- up on the right side of your screen as a "<" symbol) is
- another matter. You have to get rid of these pesky
- critters if you want to reformat paragraphs in the file
- using WordStar's ^B (control-B).
-
- The usual method suggested in the WordStar 5.0 manual
- works fine by pressing ^6 (Control-upper row 6) on each
- line ending with a CR/LF. Normally you don't want to do
- this on the last line in each paragraph or the lines
- between paragraphs. You then reformat the document with
- ^QU or repeatedly pressing ^B.
-
- For any file longer than a few paragraphs, the use of ^6 can
- be a real chore: hard on the hands and eyes. Imagine
- pressing ^6 several hundred times.
-
- I automated this process with four (4) Find-and-Replace
- passes through the file. You might find this process
- helpful; it is easier than it looks!
-
-
- INSTRUCTIONS
- ------------
-
- *IMPORTANT* If your ASCII file's text does NOT begin in
- Column 1 on your screen (that is, it has an offset left
- margin), and/or it is more than one page long and has "^L"
- form feeds/page breaks in it, see the *NOTES* at the end of
- this file before beginning.
-
-
- First, open the ASCII file as a WordStar Document file.
- Then:
-
- 1. Press ^QA, for WordStar's Find-and-Replace function.
-
- You need to Find all CR/LFs at the end of each
- paragraph (not individual lines; that comes later), or
- those at and below any one-line text headings.
-
- You do this by entering the CR/LF code, ^N (control-N,
- which appears as the pair of control characters ^M^J in
- the display box), as many times as needed to equal the
- *maximum number* of blank lines that you can see
- anywhere in the file between blocks of text -- plus
- one.
-
- For example, say the greatest number of blank lines you
- can see anywhere in your file is five. In the on
- screen
- "Find" box you would type
-
- ^N^N^N^N^N^N <Return>
-
- (Five control-Ns plus one. Don't forget to hold down
- the control key while you press N six times.)
-
- What you'll see is
-
- ^M^J^M^J^M^J^M^J^M^J^M^J
-
- You then Replace these six CR/LF (^M^J) pairs with six
- "#" characters --
-
- ###### <Return>
-
- -- one for each ^M^J pair. These serve as paragraph and
- spacing markers. (You could use any character not used
- elsewhere in your file, but "#" seems handy. If you're
- not sure what character to use, do a quick Find on that
- character first. If it's already used, try something
- else, like the tilde ~. You wouldn't use #, ~, ^, or *
- to convert *this* file, for example. The plus sign
- or dollar sign would work, however.)
-
- For Options, press
-
- AGN <Return> for Align, Replace throughout
- file, and Don't ask.
-
- WordStar will then do a Find-and-Replace. If it cannot
- find the required number of CR/LFs it will tell you so;
- this means there weren't any strings of six (or however
- many) CR/LFs as you thought there were.
-
- In any case, press ESCape when it's finished its
- complete pass through to the end of the file.
-
- 2. Repeat step #1, *deleting* one ^M^J pair and one "#"
- symbol for each pass through the file. Using the
- Delete key while in the display box makes this easy,
- but you'll press it twice for the ^M^J pair and once
- for the "#" since ^M and ^J are really separate control
- codes.
-
- Do this until only one ^M^J pair is left. Enter a
- space in the Replace box (just press the space bar
- once) instead of a "#" symbol; this allows Replacing
- single line CR/LFs with a space. If you didn't
- leave a space, text lines would close up and not
- reformat properly later. If you left a "#" that's OK
- -- just remember to use Find-and-Replace later (Find
- #, Replace it with <space>).
-
-
- 3. Now that the original ASCII file has no more CR/LFs in
- it, and is all "bunched" together, reverse the above
- process to reset paragraphs. That's what the "#"
- symbols were used for.
-
- Press ^QA. Enter the maximum number of "#" symbols to
- Find (in our example, this would be six). Replace them
- with the same number of ^M^J pairs needed to give hard
- carriage returns and line feeds in the proper places.
- Again, use AGN as your Options.
-
-
- 4. Repeat step #3, deleting in a similar manner to step
- #2, until only the last two "#" symbols are left to
- Replace (which hold places for two CR/LFs -- the
- typical number between paragraphs). Replace these with
- ^M^Js and you now have a file in WordStar's document
- format.
-
- (The last line in the file may need a CR/LF entered
- manually, however. Look over the newly converted
- file and if everything is OK, save it to disk.)
-
-
- By the way, I tried to turn these steps into a macro, only
- to find that the ^Ms in the Find-and-Replace box would abort
- the macro: ^M is like pressing the <Return> key in a running
- macro. In any event, once you try this method you'll see it
- goes quite fast enough as it is.
-
- What happens if you start a Find-and-Replace with the
- *minimum* number of blank lines and work up to the maximum
- you think are in the file? You'll get uniform paragraph
- spacing -- the smallest you've set. (Maybe only one line
- between paragraphs.)
-
- Lastly, always make a backup of your ASCII file first, in
- case you accidentally save and overwrite the original
- file before checking everything out. You may want to
- refer to the original later. I cannot be responsible for
- any loss or damage if you use the methods detailed in
- this file. (That's a disclaimer, folks.) Enjoy!
-
- *NOTES*
- -------
- *Remove* any form feed characters from the ASCII file (^L)
- from inside WordStar before beginning. These "page breaks"
- were put in by the text editor or word processor that
- created the ASCII file.
-
- Then: If your ASCII file's left margin is not in column 1
- -- that is, it's offset by some amount, typically five
- columns (as in the file you are now reading), then you'll
- need to clean it up first. Here are two ways to do it:
-
-
- 1. Count the spaces from (and including) column 1 to the
- left margin of the text. Use WordStar's Find and Replace
- function to get rid of these extra spaces. If you
- counted five spaces, for example, use this procedure:
-
- Find ^N<space><space><space><space><space> <Return>
- Replace ^N <Return>
- Options AGN <Return>
-
- After entering ^N (displayed as ^M^J) you press the
- <spacebar> in the Find box five times, followed by <Return>.
- This Finds only CR/LF-plus-5-space-strings. Enter a ^N in
- the Replace box: you are replacing the string with a single
- CR/LF.
-
- Select the Options, press <Return> and the text should close
- up to the left margin as you watch.
-
- After you've eliminated the offset left margin, you may want
- to repeat this Find & Replace to remove any other spaces
- (indents) that keep the text from aligning in column 1.
- Just substitute the required number of spaces in the process
- above.
-
- Finally, proceed with the Instructions to Find & Replace the
- CR/LFs at the end of each line.
-
-
- 2. Use the technique described in WordStar News, Summer
- 1989, page 8, to create a macro to turn paragraph indents
- (usually 5 spaces) into a tab. Then use ^QA to Find the
- tabs (^I) and replace them with (nothing). The WS NEWS
- article, in an example, defines Shorthand Macro #1 to be:
-
- ^Q~^QF^N<SPACE><SPACE><SPACE><SPACE><SPACE>
- ^M<SPACE>^M^D^T^I^P<SPACE>^[1
-
- (Type the above into the shorthand screen for macro #1.
- NOTE: Use Ctrl-P, Ctrl-Q-~ to indicate you are entering
- control characters (like the ^Q~) into the macro. Ditto for
- ^QF, ^N, ^M, ^D, ^T, <Tab>, ^P<SPACE>, <ESC>1. Each of
- these control-key combinations is preceded with ^P. The
- ^P<SPACE> gives a small delay to allow you to bail out with
- Ctrl-U if you need to. This macro calls itself so you may
- want to bail out at some point.
-
- Once executed this macro goes through the file and replaces
- the 5 hard spaces following a CR/LF (^N) with a tab (^I).
- In offset ASCII files with 5 spaces between the left margin
- and your text, all lines will snuggle up to the left margin
- after you go through with ^QA and replace the tabs.
-
- If you want to use another macro besides #1, replace the "1"
- at the end of the string with "x" for the named macro you
- want to use.
-
- For best results set your help level at 2 or higher. At the
- end of the Find & Replace, the macro number will print
- on screen at the end of the file; just remove it. Then go
- ahead and Find & Replace the tabs with (nothing). Voila!
- Your file begins in column 1.
-
- After you've eliminated the offset left margin, proceed
- with the above Instructions to Find & Replace the CR/LFs at
- the end of each line.
-
- This 2nd procedure has the added advantage of giving you a
- useful macro to Convert Indents to Tabs if you later import
- any ASCII file (or *old WordStar Document files*) into
- WordStar 5.n, since the newer versions of WordStar use a
- "special binary code" instead of 5 spaces for a tab.
- This, according to the WS NEWS article, allows WordStar
- to be very precise in where the tab stop appears, and tabs
- are "completely font independent."
-
- The disadvantage is that you create a macro that replaces
- 5 spaces with a tab. If your ASCII file's offset margin has
- greater or fewer spaces than 5, you'll need to adjust the
- macro above accordingly. No big deal, but you'll have to
- reset the macro for differing ASCII files. For other than
- 5-space margins, then, using the first method will be easier.
-
- ** END **
-