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- /* $NetBSD: style,v 1.7 1998/02/09 06:58:39 enami Exp $ */
-
- /*
- * Style guide for the 4BSD KNF (Kernel Normal Form).
- *
- * from: @(#)style 1.12 (Berkeley) 3/18/94
- */
-
- /*
- * VERY important single-line comments look like this.
- */
-
- /* Most single-line comments look like this. */
-
- /*
- * Multi-line comments look like this. Make them real sentences. Fill
- * them so they look like real paragraphs.
- */
-
- /*
- * Kernel include files come first; normally, you'll need <sys/types.h>
- * OR <sys/param.h>, but not both! <sys/types.h> includes <sys/cdefs.h>,
- * and it's okay to depend on that.
- */
- #include <sys/types.h> /* Non-local includes in brackets. */
-
- /* If it's a network program, put the network include files next. */
- #include <net/if.h>
- #include <net/if_dl.h>
- #include <net/route.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #include <protocols/rwhod.h>
-
- /*
- * Then there's a blank line, followed by the /usr include files.
- * The /usr include files should be sorted!
- */
- #include <stdio.h>
-
- /*
- * Global pathnames are defined in /usr/include/paths.h. Pathnames local
- * to the program go in pathnames.h in the local directory.
- */
- #include <paths.h>
-
- /* Then, there's a blank line, and the user include files. */
- #include "pathnames.h" /* Local includes in double quotes. */
-
- /*
- * ANSI function declarations for private functions (i.e. functions not used
- * elsewhere) go at the top of the source module. Use the __P macro from
- * the include file <sys/cdefs.h>. Only the kernel has a name associated with
- * the types, i.e. in the kernel use:
- *
- * void function __P((int a));
- *
- * in user land use:
- *
- * void function __P((int));
- */
- static char *function __P((int, const char *));
- static void usage __P((void));
-
- /*
- * Macros are capitalized, parenthesized, and should avoid side-effects.
- * If they are an inline expansion of a function, the function is defined
- * all in lowercase, the macro has the same name all in uppercase. If the
- * macro needs more than a single line, use braces. Right-justify the
- * backslashes, it makes it easier to read.
- */
- #define MACRO(x, y) { \
- variable = (x) + (y); \
- (y) += 2; \
- }
-
- /* Enum types are capitalized. */
- enum enumtype { ONE, TWO } et;
-
- /*
- * When declaring variables in structures, declare them sorted by use, then
- * by size, and then by alphabetical order. The first category normally
- * doesn't apply, but there are exceptions. Each one gets its own line.
- * Put a tab after the first word, i.e. use "int^Ix;" and "struct^Ifoo *x;".
- *
- * Major structures should be declared at the top of the file in which they
- * are used, or in separate header files, if they are used in multiple
- * source files. Use of the structures should be by separate declarations
- * and should be "extern" if they are declared in a header file.
- */
- struct foo {
- struct foo *next; /* List of active foo */
- struct mumble amumble; /* Comment for mumble */
- int bar;
- };
- struct foo *foohead; /* Head of global foo list */
-
- /* Make the structure name match the typedef. */
- typedef struct _bar {
- int level;
- } BAR;
-
- /*
- * All major routines should have a comment briefly describing what
- * they do. The comment before the "main" routine should describe
- * what the program does.
- */
- int
- main(argc, argv)
- int argc;
- char *argv[];
- {
- extern char *optarg;
- extern int optind;
- long num;
- int ch;
- char *ep;
-
- /*
- * For consistency, getopt should be used to parse options. Options
- * should be sorted in the getopt call and the switch statement, unless
- * parts of the switch cascade. Elements in a switch statement that
- * cascade should have a FALLTHROUGH comment. Numerical arguments
- * should be checked for accuracy. Code that cannot be reached should
- * have a NOTREACHED comment.
- */
- while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "abn")) != -1)
- switch (ch) { /* Indent the switch. */
- case 'a': /* Don't indent the case. */
- aflag = 1;
- /* FALLTHROUGH */
- case 'b':
- bflag = 1;
- break;
- case 'n':
- num = strtol(optarg, &ep, 10);
- if (num <= 0 || *ep != '\0')
- err("illegal number -- %s", optarg);
- break;
- case '?':
- default:
- usage();
- /* NOTREACHED */
- }
- argc -= optind;
- argv += optind;
-
- /*
- * Space after keywords (while, for, return, switch). No braces are
- * used for control statements with zero or only a single statement.
- *
- * Forever loops are done with for's, not while's.
- */
- for (p = buf; *p != '\0'; ++p);
- for (;;)
- stmt;
-
- /*
- * Parts of a for loop may be left empty. Don't put declarations
- * inside blocks unless the routine is unusually complicated.
- */
- for (; cnt < 15; cnt++) {
- stmt1;
- stmt2;
- }
-
- /* Second level indents are four spaces. */
- while (cnt < 20)
- z = a + really + long + statment + that + needs + two lines +
- gets + indented + four + spaces + on + the + second +
- and + subsequent + lines;
-
- /*
- * Closing and opening braces go on the same line as the else.
- * Don't add braces that aren't necessary.
- */
- if (test)
- stmt;
- else if (bar) {
- stmt;
- stmt;
- } else
- stmt;
-
- /* No spaces after function names. */
- if (error = function(a1, a2))
- exit(error);
-
- /*
- * Unary operators don't require spaces, binary operators do. Don't
- * use parenthesis unless they're required for precedence, or the
- * statement is really confusing without them.
- */
- a = b->c[0] + ~d == (e || f) || g && h ? i : j >> 1;
- k = !(l & FLAGS);
-
- /*
- * Exits should be 0 on success, and 1 on failure. Don't denote
- * all the possible exit points, using the integers 1 through 300.
- */
- exit(0); /* Avoid obvious comments such as "Exit 0 on success." */
- }
-
- /*
- * If a function type is declared, it should be on a line
- * by itself preceeding the function.
- */
- static char *
- function(a1, a2, fl, a4)
- int a1, a2, a4; /* Declare ints, too, don't default them. */
- float fl; /* List in order declared, as much as possible. */
- {
- /*
- * When declaring variables in functions declare them sorted by size,
- * then in alphabetical order; multiple ones per line are okay. Old
- * style function declarations can go on the same line. ANSI style
- * function declarations should go in the include file "extern.h".
- * If a line overflows reuse the type keyword.
- *
- * DO NOT initialize variables in the declarations.
- */
- extern u_char one;
- extern char two;
- struct foo three, *four;
- double five;
- int *six, seven, eight();
- char *nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen;
- char *overflow __P((void));
- void *mymalloc __P((u_int));
-
- /*
- * Casts and sizeof's are not followed by a space. NULL is any
- * pointer type, and doesn't need to be cast, so use NULL instead
- * of (struct foo *)0 or (struct foo *)NULL. Also, test pointers
- * against NULL, i.e. use:
- *
- * (p = f()) == NULL
- * not:
- * !(p = f())
- *
- * Don't use '!' for tests unless it's a boolean, e.g. use
- * "if (*p == '\0')", not "if (!*p)".
- *
- * Routines returning void * should not have their return values cast
- * to any pointer type.
- *
- * Use err/warn(3), don't roll your own!
- */
- if ((four = malloc(sizeof(struct foo))) == NULL)
- err(1, NULL);
- if ((six = (int *)overflow()) == NULL)
- errx(1, "Number overflowed.");
- return (eight);
- }
-
- /*
- * Don't use ANSI function declarations unless you absolutely have to,
- * i.e. you're declaring functions with variable numbers of arguments.
- *
- * ANSI function braces look like regular function braces.
- */
- function(int a1, int a2)
- {
- ...
- }
-
- /* Variable numbers of arguments should look like this. */
- #if __STDC__
- #include <stdarg.h>
- #else
- #include <varargs.h>
- #endif
-
- void
- #if __STDC__
- vaf(const char *fmt, ...)
- #else
- vaf(fmt, va_alist)
- char *fmt;
- va_dcl
- #endif
- {
- va_list ap;
- #if __STDC__
- va_start(ap, fmt);
- #else
- va_start(ap);
- #endif
- STUFF;
-
- va_end(ap); /* No return needed for void functions. */
- }
-
- static void
- usage()
- { /* Insert an empty line if the function has no local variables. */
-
- /*
- * Use printf(3), not fputs/puts/putchar/whatever, it's faster and
- * usually cleaner, not to mention avoiding stupid bugs.
- *
- * Usage statements should look like the manual pages. Options w/o
- * operands come first, in alphabetical order inside a single set of
- * braces. Followed by options with operands, in alphabetical order,
- * each in braces. Followed by required arguments in the order they
- * are specified, followed by optional arguments in the order they
- * are specified. A bar ('|') separates either/or options/arguments,
- * and multiple options/arguments which are specified together are
- * placed in a single set of braces.
- *
- * "usage: f [-ade] [-b b_arg] [-m m_arg] req1 req2 [opt1 [opt2]]\n"
- * "usage: f [-a | -b] [-c [-de] [-n number]]\n"
- */
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: f [-ab]\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-