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- <qml title="Set Login Name(s)">
-
- <h1>Set Login Name(s)</h1>
-
- <p>
- The <a href="def_multiusertasking.qml">multiuser</a> nature of a Linux
- system enables one machine to provide services for many different users.
- A good example of such a system is a server run by an ISP. Most Internet
- providers have machines running operating systems similar to Linux, each
- machine serving multiple users with multiple login accounts.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- The Linux system you are installing operates in much the same manner.
- Many login accounts can reside on one machine, each one being accessible
- by a unique login name and password.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- What you need to do with this screen is set up at least one regular login
- account which you will use for your every-day operations. The reasoning
- behind this is simple:
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Unless you are performing some kind of configuration or maintenance on your
- computer, you should <em>not</em> log in as root. <p> Spending all of your
- time logged in as the 'root' user is <em>highly discouraged</em> because
- there is nothing stopping you from accidentally altering important
- configuration files or documents. At least while logged in as a regular
- user, these important files are protected from your alterations.
- </p>
-
-
- <h2>Explanation of the various fields</h2>
-
- <p>
- Stepping through the fields of this screen, we have the following options:
- </p>
-
-
- <h3>Real name</h3>
-
- <p>
- Enter the full name of the user whose login account you are setting up.
- If you are setting this account up for a group of people (such as a
- generic account for database administrators), put explanatory text in
- this field that describes the group for which the account was made.
- </p>
-
-
- <h3>Login name</h3>
-
- <p>
- This is where you enter the actual name of the account. When logging
- in, this is the name that will be entered at the login prompt. Typically,
- a short variation of the text entered in the "Real name" field is used
- for the login name (i.e. if "Joe Smith" was entered in the "Real name"
- field, it may be good to enter "jsmith" or "joes" here).
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Note that there can be only one of each login name on a system. In other
- words, you can not have two "jsmith" accounts; once a login name is used,
- it can not be assigned to any other accounts on the system.
- </p>
-
- <h3>Password</h3>
-
- <p>
- The most important verification element in the login process is the
- password. Without it, nobody should be able to log into your account
- except for the system administrator, who can log into your account
- without knowing your password (this is a security feature; even system
- administrators do not know users' passwords!).
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Be sure to make your passwords sufficiently odd to make them hard
- to guess. Combinations of letters, numbers, and periods are common.
- <em>Never</em> use any easy to guess words as your password! Try
- to think of what you would guess for a password if you were another
- person trying to break into your account, and <em>don't use</em>
- these passwords (i.e. Are you vocal about having a passion for
- antique cars? If the answer is "yes," do not choose a password like
- "modelT" or "57chevy" because they may be fairly easy for others to
- guess). The more detached the password is from your personal interests
- and the more odd combinations of letters, numbers, and periods that
- you use, the better off you will be.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Also, never write down your password; you could put the paper down
- somewhere or throw it out, after which someone else could come along
- and grab it.
- </p>
-
-
- <h3>Confirm Spelling</h3>
-
- <p>
- There is always ample opportunity to mistype a password the first time
- around, especially if it is an odd one. This field forces you to enter the
- password again to make sure you are typing it correctly. If what you type
- here does not match what was typed in the "Password" field, the password
- will not be assigned to the login account. Only when both versions of the
- password match will the change take affect.
- </p>
-
-
- <h3>Login Shell</h3>
-
- <p>
- The login shell provides an environment where you can execute commands
- and start applications from a command prompt. Also, it provides scripting
- capabilities that enable you to string execution of commands and programs
- by executing a single command. People who remember how DOS works will be
- familiar with COMMAND.COM and the "batch" scripting language it provided.
- The functionality and purpose of DOS's COMMAND.COM is similar to Linux's
- login shells, even though much less powerful or feature-rich.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- The most common of the Linux login shells is the GNU Bourne-Again Shell,
- otherwise refered to as "<b>bash</b>". It closely resembles the classic
- Bourne Shell that shipped with certain variants of UNIX, but with a number
- of enhancements like command line completion (the ability to type in a few
- letters, hit the Tab key, and have the rest of the command or file name
- filled out for you), as well as enhancements to the scripting language.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- The next shell offered in this screen is a variation of the Berkeley "C"
- Shell called "<b>tcsh</b>". People who are migrating to Linux from a BSD
- UNIX background will probably want to use this login shell instead of
- bash. Its scripting language is rather extensive, and its syntax closely
- resembles that of the C programming language.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- The third shell offered is "<b>zsh</b>". This shell incorporates a number
- of features from both bash and tcsh, making it a hybrid of sorts for those
- who can not choose between the other two.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Unless there is a clear need to do otherwise, it is safe to choose
- <b>bash</b> for all new login accounts.
- </p>
-
-
- <h3>The Add User button</h3>
-
- <p>
- When all of the options are chosen and the fields are filled, click on
- this button to create the new login account. The new account information
- should appear in the window below the button after the button is selected.
- </p>
-
- </qml>
-