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- Clusters, Sectors and Hard Drives
-
- 13 November, 1993
-
- 6:07 PM
-
- Are you planning to buy a new hard drive with a capacity
- greater than 127 MEGABYTES? Do you understand the "straight
- skinny" about Sectors, Clusters, Kilobytes, and Megabytes? Well
- this little program will help you decide how to FDISK and
- FORMAT that new MONSTER hard drive into Partitions that permit
- the smallest Cluster size thus saving MEGABYTES of disk space
- with small files.
-
- CLUSTER.COM is a little executable QuickBASIC program which
- just gives you the results of some mathematical formulas to
- calculate "bytes," "kilobytes," and "megabytes." Then let's you
- know what the maximum size hard drive you can make with:
-
- 1. 2 kilobyte Clusters (2048 bytes/Cluster)
- 2. 4 kilobyte Clusters (4096 bytes/Cluster)
- 3. 8 kilobyte Clusters (8196 bytes/Cluster)
-
- You see... a "kilobyte" is NOT one-thousand (1,000) bytes but
- one-thousand and twenty-four (1,024) bytes. This kind of stuff
- makes me CRAZY as the prefix "kilo" means thousand so that a
- "kilogram" is a thousand grams and all other "kilos" are a nice
- round thousand... except in computer terms.
-
- I have asked some of the "computer experts" I know to explain
- how come a "kilobyte" (K) is 1,024 bytes and a "megabyte" (MB)
- is 1,048,576 bytes. They tell me it makes perfect sense to
- them... but they CAN'T explain it to me. Hence, I have written
- this small QuickBASIC program to "hard-wire" my thinking into
- "kilobytes."
-
- You see, a byte is a computer unit of data. By some strange
- thinking it was decided that a kilobyte is "2 to the 10th
- power" or as QuickBASIC likes to see that formula as: "2^10."
- And... a megabyte is: "2^20."
-
- Now you are asking "So What?" and "Who Cares...?" Well you do
- even though you don't know it, yet.... You see even the laptops
- are over 100 megabytes now with some at 200 megabytes as we
- speak. In the old days (starting with MS-DOS 5.0) with small
- hard drives; when you "FDISKed" the hard drive and "FORMATted"
- it; you usually ended up with two kilobyte (2048 bytes)
- Clusters.
-
- But now with the new version of WORD FOR WINDOWS 6.0 commanding
- 24 megabytes of disk space and Windows 3.1 needing about 15
- megabytes... you need a 100 megabyte laptop just to do fancy
- word processing. Pop EXCEL 4.0, a game or twenty, a few fonts,
- and you are pushing the 100 MB envelope with just applications.
-
- What is a Cluster? Well a Cluster is a place on the hard drive
- that MS-DOS writes one file. If you make a 100 byte batch file,
- it takes up one Cluster and no other file enters that Cluster.
- So now.. the little light bulb probably has gone on in your
- head as you realize that if you have eight kilobyte Clusters
- and a lot of little files... you are LOSING MEGABYTES OF DISK
- SPACE.
-
- That is a fact... and the reason I have spent the time writing
- this text file, after writing the QuickBASIC program
- CLUSTER.BAS in this file set and then spending another hour (or
- more...) making a PDQ executable file called CLUSTER.COM to
- demonstrate these relationships.
-
- What's that? Why didn't I ALSO make a program that allowed you
- to enter the size of your hard drive with the output being the
- number of two kilobyte Clusters you could make from that hard
- drive? Well... I thought about it but decided it was TOO DUMB.
- As, all you need to do is divide your hard drive size by the
- numbers for the various Cluster sizes seen at the bottom of the
- screen.
-
- But, give me an eloquent reason for making such a program, and
- I will probably do so... just for the code of it.
-
- John De Palma on CompuServe 76076,571
-