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- Copyright 1988 by New-Ware
-
- FORMATTING 360K DISKS TO 800K
-
- FormatMaster includes the unique capability to format 360K low
- low capacity diskettes to 800K in a 1.2M high capacity 5 1/4" drive.
- This is achieved by using the dual head stepping capability built into
- the 1.2M drive to format the 360K disk with 80 vice 40 tracks and by
- adding a 10th sector to each track.
-
- When formatting a 1.2M disk in a high capacity 1.2M drive, the
- BIOS sets the head stepping to the single-step mode, sets the data
- transfer rate to 500Kb/sec, and formats at 15 sectors per track. High
- capacity disks have a special media surface capable of handling the
- higher data rate. When formatting a normal 360K disk in a 1.2 drive,
- the BIOS sets the head stepping rate to the double-step mode, sets the
- data transfer rate to 300Kb/sec (or, in some cases to 250Kb/sec, and
- formats at 9 sectors per track.
-
- To format a low capacity 360K disk to 800K, FormatMaster forces
- BIOS to set the stepping rate to the single-step mode, the data
- transfer rate to 300Kb/sec, and formats at 10 sectors per track. Most
- modern AT/PS2 compatible BIOS' have no problem adjusting to the
- non-standard format of the 800K disk but there are some BIOS variants
- that insist upon resetting the stepping rate to the double-step mode
- when accessing any but a 1.2M disk and there are variants of both DOS
- and the BIOS that refuse to recognize the 10th sector on a low
- capacity disk.
-
- New-Ware now provides a work-around solution to BIOS/DOS variants
- that have trouble recognizing and adjusting to the 800K formatted
- diskette. The best test to make in order to determine if your system
- needs the extra help provided is to take a normal, low capacity 360K
- floppy, place it in a 1.2M drive, and format it to 800K with
- FormatMaster. After formatting the disk, terminate FormatMaster and
- use DOS to copy several files to the disk. If the files appeared to
- copy normally, use the DOS COMP utility to compare the files on the
- target 800K disk and the source files. If the file compare succeeds,
- you do not need the extra help.
-
- If you encounter problems during the test above, the next step is
- to use the FormatMaster DOS shell feature. Go to the Main Menu after
- formatting a disk to 800K and select "Enter DOS". A special Interrupt
- Service Routine (ISR) is installed that is designed to force DOS
- and/or the BIOS to properly access the 800K disk. Copy some files to
- the disk and do a file-by-file compare. If you still have problems,
- then the extra help feature has failed.
-
- Included in the FormatMaster 2.17 package is a file named
- FM80.COM. This is a small (700 byte) Terminate and Stay Resident
- (TSR) utility that does essentially the same thing as the FormatMaster
- ISR that is active while shelled out from FormatMaster to DOS. FM80
- is installed by simply typing the program name and pressing <RETURN>.
- Once this TSR is installed, you should be able to read/write normally
- to FormatMaster 800K disks. In fact, you will be able to access 800K
- and 1.2M disks, but NOT normal 9 sector 360K disks with the TSR
- installed. FM80 can be removed from RAM by typing the program name
- followed by a space and then an upper or lower case "R", i.e.,
- entering the command FM80 r from the DOS level or a batch file will
- remove the utility from memory. Do not attempt to remove FM80 if it
- is not the LAST TSR loaded in RAM.
-
- There is one other method available to read/write to 800K disks in
- balky systems. The New-Ware file/disk copy utility CopyMaster has a
- selectable option that will accomplish the same task as FM80 or the
- FormatMaster DOS shell. When toggled on, this feature will permit
- copying files to/from an 800K disk.
-
- As a last resort, FormatMaster and FM80 offer a special 720K format
- mode wherein a 360K disk is formatted at 80 tracks and 9 sectors per
- track. To utilize this mode, enter the string FMSEC=9 into your DOS
- environment with the DOS SET command by either entering the command
- set FMSEC=9 from the DOS level or by placing the same command in your
- AUTOEXE.BAT file and rebooting. The FormatMaster Main Menu will now
- show a 720K format option instead of an 800K option. If the
- FormatMaster shell ISR then works okay, you can employ FM80 by adding
- the digit "9" to the command line when loading it, as in FM80 9.
- CopyMaster is also configured to search the DOS environment for the
- string FMSEC=9 for adjustment to a 9 sector, 80 track 720K disk. One
- other problem may crop up on older machines. Some machines still use
- a data transfer rate of 250 kilobits (Kb) per second instead of the
- more modern rate of 300Kb when formatting 360K floppy disks. FM80 will
- force a rate of 300Kb as default. This can be changed by placing an
- upper or lower case "L" on the command line as the SECOND parameter.
- If you want to use 800K (10 sector) formatted disks load FM80 as
- follows:
-
- FM80 x L
-
- where the "x" can be any character except a "9". If you are using
- 720K formatted disks, use a "9" as the first parameter and an "l" as
- the second command line parameter. This will cause FM80 to force the
- machine to use the lower 250Kb rate.
-
- A SPECIAL NOTE FOR USERS WHO ENCOUNTER PROBLEMS DURING 800K FORMATTING.
-
- Some older AT type BIOS variants and XT type machines with add-in
- 1.2M drives have experienced problems with the 800K format that are
- unrelated to the single-step problem addressed above. The problem is
- that some older BIOS/Controller variants use a 250Kb/sec data transfer
- rate for formatting a 360K disk. Newer machines/controllers use a
- 300Kb/sec rate. When formatting a 360K disk to 800K, FormatMaster (by
- default) forces the data rate to a value of 300Kb/sec. Using this
- rate on a machine that was designed to format at 250Kb/sec causes the
- format to fail. The symptoms are usually manifested in a very slow
- format and verification followed by a failure to read/write to the
- disk. In an effort to get the 800K format option working on as many
- systems as possible, New-Ware has provided a means to set the data
- transfer rate. Pressing the Alt-R key combination from the Main Menu
- will bring up a window that shows the current data transfer rate and
- offers the option to change it. If you have a problem formatting a
- 360K disk to 800K in your 1.2M drive and the solution described above
- fails to solve the problem, try setting the data transfer rate to
- 250Kb/sec. Whatever value is selected at the time will be saved to
- disk along with other FormatMaster default values. CopyMaster now
- includes the same facility to set the data transfer rate.
-
- If you experience any problems with FormatMaster, please don't
- hesitate to contact me. The information that I'll need is the kind of
- machine (AT clone, etc.), the type of drive (5 1/4" 1.2M, etc.), and
- the BIOS compatibility message that is displayed during the
- formatting. I'll make every effort to find a solution, but please
- understand that there are probably some BIOS/Controller/Drive variants
- in existance that are just not going to support some of the things
- that FormatMaster attempts to do, especially 800K formatting.
-
- John Newlin
- New-Ware
- 01/19/89
-