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User's Guide ============ Chapter 3, "Menus and options reference" ---------------------------------------- Page 109 -------- The macros __CLASSDLL and __RTLDLL should be _CLASSDLL and _RTLDLL (with a single underscore), respectively. Appendix A, "The Optimizer" --------------------------- Page 181 -------- The -Os entry in Table A.1 should indicate that it is the default value for the command-line and IDE compilers. Also, the sentence "In particular, -G and -G- are -Os and -Ot, respectively." should read "In particular, -G and -G- are -Ot and -Os, respectively." Page 190 -------- Add the following paragraph to the Object Data section, right before the section titled "The _fastcall modifier" You must compile all descendants and ancestors of a class with Object Data if you want that hierarchy to use Object Data. For example, if you use a class library that hasn't been compiled using Object Data (like Turbo Vision or ObjectWindows), your applications can still use Object Data even though those classes don't. The compiler knows (from pragmas in the header files) that those classes weren't compiled with Object Data and won't try to force descendants of them to use Object Data. Classes you define entirely within your application, on the other hand, will use Object Data. Programmer's Guide ================== Chapter 3, "C++ specifics" -------------------------- Page 127 -------- The sample function main should be as follows: int main() { X one(10); // invokes X::X(int) and sets integer_part to 10 X two(3.14); // invokes X::X(double) and sets double_part to 3.14 } Chapter 4, "The preprocessor" ----------------------------- Page 171+ -------- There are two additional pragmas: #pragma codestring "string" The specified string is emitted into the code segment; note that no terminating null is emitted. This #pragma is useful for embedding strings like copyright notices, module signatures, etc. in the code segment. #pragma codeseg [seg-name [group-name] ["class-name"]] Specifies the code segment name (and optionally group and/or class name) that function bodies following this pragma will be emitted into. When no parameters are given, the code segment is switched back to the initial code segment. Page 175+ --------- The predefined version macros have been updated: __BORLANDC__ is now defined as 0x0410 __TURBOC__ is now defined as 0x0410 __BCPLUSPLUS__ is now defined as 0x0310 __TCPLUSPLUS__ is now defined as 0x0310 Chapter 5, "Using C++ streams" ------------------------------ Page 204 -------- The first parameter to the constructors for the class istrstream is incorrectly specified as a const char *; it actually is a char *. Page 207 -------- The last sentence in the introductory paragraph to streambuf should read: streambuf is a base for conbuf, filebuf, and strstreambuf. Chapter 6, "The container class libraries" ------------------------------------------ Page 264 -------- The description of ContainerIterator::operator ++ should read: Advances the iterator one position in the container. The first version returns the object referred to <after> incrementing; the second version returns the object referred to <before> incrementing. The int argument is used to distinguish between the prefix and postfix increment operators. (See "Overloading unary operators" on page 138 for details.) Chapter 8, "Building a Windows application" ------------------------------------------- Page 321 -------- The TLINK command line should be changed to: tlink /Tw /v /n /c C:\BORLANDC\LIB\c0ws whello,\ whello,\ ,\ C:\BORLANDC\LIB\cws ^^^ Tools and Utilities Guide ========================= Introduction ------------ Transfer macros, the Turbo Editor Macro Language (TEML), and the Turbo Editor Macro Compiler (TEMC) are also documented in the online file UTIL.DOC. Chapter 1, "Import library tools" --------------------------------- Page 7 ------ IMPLIBW does allow you to create a single import library from multiple DLLs or module definition files. At the File Select dialog box, you can type multiple filenames in the File edit control. When you choose OK to make the import library, IMPLIBW will use all the exports from each of the DLLs or module definition files you listed. Note that you can only select a single file using the file list box; you must type in the filenames if you need to specify more than one. Chapter 2, "Make: The program manager" -------------------------------------- Page 11 ------- In the sentence that begins "All options that do not specify a string (-s or ±a, for example)..." the "±a" should be "-a". Page 33 ------- The last word of the page, "which" should be "while $<". Chapter 3, "TLIB: The Turbo librarian" -------------------------------------- There is an additional TLIB command line option, /0, which is not documented in the printed TLIB reference (Chapter 3 of the Tools & Utilities Guide). The /0 option instructs the Turbo Librarian to remove all "Comment" records from the library. Comment records are typically used to store information used by the debugger or other tools, and are not needed to create an executable file. Using this option will make your libraries (and executable programs created using the libraries) smaller. The /0 option is equivalent to checking Purge Comment Records in the Options|Librarian dialog box within the IDE. Chapter 4, "TLINK: The Turbo linker" -------------------------------------- Page 58 ------- Change the TLINK format description to: tlink C0[W|D|F]x myobjs,exe,[map],[IMPORT][mylibs][OVERLAY] [EMU|FP87 mathx][CWx|Cx],[deffile] ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Page 60 ------- Reverse the order of the two bullet items below: o CWx.LIB, the run-time library.. o if you are using floating point math, FP87.LIB... The math libraries should be linked before the run-time library. Chapter 5, "Using WinSight" --------------------------- The paragraph "Formatting message parameters" should be replaced with the following two paragraphs: Normally, the Message Trace pane interprets each message's parameters and return value and displays them in a more easily human readable format. You can disable this by unchecking "Interpret Values" in the Message Trace Options dialog box. The Message Trace pane usually displays information about the parameters and return value of a message in decimal. Since it's sometimes more convenient to view a message's detail in hexadecimal, you can enable hex-only interpretation by checking "Hex Values" in the Message Trace Options dialog box. Appendix A, "Error messages" ---------------------------- Page 177 -------- MAKE and MAKER generate a new error message: Cycle in include files: 'filename.h' You can't recursively include files. Page 182 -------- In the TLINK warning "filename(linenum): Duplicate internal name in imports," there is an extraneous right bracket that should be removed. Page 192 -------- There is a new compiler warning: Initialization is only partially bracketed When structures are initialized, braces can be used to mark the initialization of each member of the structure. If a member itself is an array or structure, nested pairs of braces may be used. This ensures that your idea and the compiler's idea of what value goes with which member are the same. When some of the optional braces are omitted, the compiler issues this warning. Page 197 -------- In the compile-time error "Last parameter of operator must have type int," "operator-±" should actually read "operator--" The TLIB warning "library contains COMDEF records - extended dictionary not created," should have the following note: Any C++ module that contains virtual functions will have COMDEF records; therefore, you can't create an extended dictionary for C++ modules. Page 198 -------- The compile-time error "main must have return type of int" actually applies to ANSI C (-A on the command line), not C++. Page 235 -------- There is a new linker error message: "Unable to process debug: disable TASM /zi option". The linker cannot process information generated in .ASM files by the compiler (using the /S or /B option from the command line or the IDE Options|Compiler|Code Generation| Generate Assembler Source or Compile Via Assembler. Library Reference ================= Chapter 2, "The run-time library" --------------------------------- Page 173 -------- Under "Return value" "doserno" should be "_doserrno". Page 174 -------- Under "Return value" "doserno" should be "_doserrno" and the entry for ENOENT should be "Path or file name not found". Page 185 -------- _fpreset is actually not available under Windows Page 551 -------- strxfrm's "Return value" should read: "The length of s1." Note that two functions are incorrectly prototyped in the Library Reference. Here are their correct prototypes: size_t far _fstrlen(const char far *s); size_t far _fstrcspn(const char far *s1, const char far *s2); The following functions have some missing documentation in the Library Reference: ------------------------------------------------------------------ Function: stackavail Gets the amount of available memory. Syntax: #include <malloc.h> size_t stackavail(void); ╔═══════╤════════╤══════════╤══════════╤═══════════╗ ║ DOS │ UNIX │ Windows │ ANSI C │ C++ only ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ ║ ■ │ │ │ │ ║ ╚═══════╧════════╧══════════╧══════════╧═══════════╝ Remarks: stackavail returns the number of bytes available on the stack. This is the amount of dynamic memory which alloca may access. Return value: stackavail returns a size_t value indicating the number of bytes available. See also: alloca, allocmem, coreleft, _dos_allocmem, farcoreleft, _stklen (global variable) Example: #include <malloc.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { char *buf; printf("\nThe stack: %u\tstack pointer: %u", stackavail(), _SP); buf = (char *) alloca(100 * sizeof(char)); printf("\nNow, the stack: %u\tstack pointer: %u", stackavail(), _SP); return(0); } Program output: The stack: 63528 stack pointer: 65524 Now, the stack: 63424 stack pointer: 65420 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Function: strcmp, _fstrcmp Compares one string to another. Syntax: #include <string.h> Near version: int strcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2); Far version: int far _fstrcmp(const char far *s1, const char far *s2); ╔═══════╤════════╤══════════╤══════════╤═══════════╗ ║ DOS │ UNIX │ Windows │ ANSI C │ C++ only ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ Near version ║ ■ │ ■ │ ■ │ ■ │ ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ Far version ║ ■ │ │ ■ │ │ ║ ╚═══════╧════════╧══════════╧══════════╧═══════════╝ Remarks: strcmp performs an unsigned comparison of s1 to s2, starting with the first character in each string and continuing with subsequent characters until the corresponding characters differ or until the end of the strings is reached. Return value: strcmp returns a value that is < 0 if s1 is less than s2 == 0 if s1 is the same as s2 > 0 if s1 is greater than s2 See also: strcmpi, strcoll, stricmp, strncmp, strncmpi, strnicmp Example: #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 ="ccc"; int ptr; ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"); ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3); if (ptr > 0) printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n"); else printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n"); return 0; } ------------------------------------------------------------------ Function: strcpy, _fstrcpy Copies one string into another. Syntax #include <string.h> Near version: char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src); Far version: char far * _fstrcpy(char far *dest, const char far *src); ╔═══════╤════════╤══════════╤══════════╤═══════════╗ ║ DOS │ UNIX │ Windows │ ANSI C │ C++ only ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ Near version ║ ■ │ ■ │ ■ │ ■ │ ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ Far version ║ ■ │ │ ■ │ │ ║ ╚═══════╧════════╧══════════╧══════════╧═══════════╝ Remarks: Copies string src to dest, stopping after the terminating null character has been moved. Return value: strcpy returns dest. See also: stpcpy Example: #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main(void) { char string[10]; char *str1 = "abcdefghi"; strcpy(string, str1); printf("%s\n", string); return 0; } ------------------------------------------------------------------ Function: _dos_open Opens the specified file and prepares it for reading or writing. Syntax: #include <fcntl.h> #include <share.h> #include <DOS.H> unsigned _dos_open(const char *filename, unsigned oflags, int *handlep); Arguments: filename -- File that the function opens and prepares for reading and/or writing oflags -- Open-mode symbolic constants (defined in FCNTL.H) and file-sharing symbolic constants (defined in SHARE.H) that specify the file's open mode (read, write, share, etc.) handlep -- Points to the location where the function stores the file's handle. ╔═══════╤════════╤══════════╤══════════╤═══════════╗ ║ DOS │ UNIX │ Windows │ ANSI C │ C++ only ║ ╟───────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼───────────╢ ║ Yes │ │ Yes │ │ ║ ╚═══════╧════════╧══════════╧══════════╧═══════════╝ Remarks: Opens the file specified by filename, then prepares it for reading or writing. The file is always opened in binary mode. On successfully opening the file, the function sets the file pointer (which marks the current position in the file) to the beginning of the file. The maximum number of simultaneously open files is defined by HANDLE_MAX. Return Value: On success, _dos_open returns 0, stores the file handle at the location *handlep On error, _dos_open returns the DOS error code and sets errno to one of the following: ENOENT (Path or file not found) EMFILE (Too many open files) EACCES (Permission denied) EINVACC (Invalid access code) See Also: _dos_creat _dos_read _dos_write _read open sopen Turbo Assembler User's Guide ============================ Appendix D, "Utilities" ----------------------- Page 333 -------- The last paragraph states that Turbo Assembler's online Help facility is called TASMHELP. TASMHELP can be used as documented, but only if Turbo Assembler is installed in a directory other than the directory where Borland C++ is installed. If TASM is installed in the same directory as Borland C++, use the THELP utility for online help. THELP allows you to access a variety of help files via an easy to use menu system. Here's how THELP works: 1) After installing Borland C++ and Turbo Assembler, invoke THELP at your DOS prompt. 2) Type ALT-F to bring up the menu of available help files. 3) Choose TASM.TAH to access help for Turbo Assembler. ObjectWindows User's Guide ========================== Chapter 2, "Stepping through Windows" ------------------------------------- Page 22 ------- The sentence that begins "These libraries are located in the library directories listed in the following table..." should instead read "Table 2.2 lists the file names of the static ObjectWindows library and static container class library for each supported memory model." Chapter 11, "Dialog objects" ---------------------------- Page 151 -------- In the TSampleWindow::GetName fragment shown, a line is in error. The line that begins if (ExecDialog(new TInputDialog(this... should read if (GetApplication()->ExecDialog(new TInputDialog(this... Chapter 12, "Control objects" ---------------------------- Page 158+ --------- Although it doesn't specifically state so, TListBox and its member functions can be used with both single- and multiple- selection list boxes. Chapter 16, "Class reference" ----------------------------- Page 248 -------- TDialog::Cancel calls ShutDownWindow, not CloseWindow. Page 324 -------- Because TWindowsObject::WMClose deletes the interface object, in most cases you'll want to use TWindowsObject::CloseWindow. Turbo Vision User's Guide ========================= Chapter 13, "Class reference" ----------------------------- Pages 271-2 ----------- The declarations for TDesktop's cascade and tile member functions now take a const argument, as follows: void cascase(const TRect& R); void tile(const TRect& R); Page 351 -------- TMemo's constructor is incorrect; use this one instead: TMemo(const TRect& bounds, TScrollBar *aHScrollBar, TScrollBar *aVScrollBar, TIndicator *aIndicator, ushort aBufSize );