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-
- John the Ripper's Cracking Modes
- ==================================
-
- Mode descriptions here are short, and only cover the basic things. Check
- other documentation files for information on customizing the modes.
-
- Wordlist Mode
- ---------------
-
- This is the simplest cracking mode supported by John. All you need to do
- is specify a wordlist (text file containing one word per line), and some
- password files. You can enable rules (which are used to modify words) if
- desired, they will then be applied to every word in the list.
-
- The wordlist should not contain dupes. John doesn't sort the words not to
- use too much memory, since that would require at least loading the entire
- wordlist to memory or temporary space, while now it's read from disk while
- cracking. Also, leaving the words order as it is allows you to put frequent
- words first. However, if you don't place words in a reasonable order, it is
- better if you sort the wordlist alphabetically: John runs a bit faster if
- each word it tries only differs from the previous one by a few characters,
- this is especially noticable when cracking only a few passwords at a time.
- Most wordlists that you may find on the net are already sorted anyway.
-
- However, you shouldn't bother about words longer than 8 (or whatever limit
- your current password hashing algorithm has) characters being effectively
- the same password if their first 8 characters match. John can handle this
- situation (and only try the password once) when such words are going one
- immediately after the other (that is, when the wordlist is sorted). You'd
- better not truncate words to 8 characters in your wordlist, since the rest
- may be needed when you enable the rules.
-
- The recommended way to sort a wordlist for use with default wordlist rule
- set is:
-
- tr A-Z a-z < SOURCE | sort -u > TARGET
-
- See doc/RULES for information on writing your own wordlist rules.
-
- "Single Crack" Mode
- ---------------------
-
- This is the mode you should start cracking with. It will try using the
- login/GECOS information as passwords. Since the information is only used
- on the account it was taken from (and on passwords with the same salt,
- which takes almost no extra time), "single crack" mode is much faster than
- the wordlist mode, which allows using a lot of rules (they are always
- enabled for this mode) in a reasonable time. Guessed passwords are also
- tried on the entire password list, just in case more users have the same
- password. Of course, this will only get those passwords that are based on
- the information used.
-
- Note that running this mode on many password files at the same time may
- sometimes get more passwords cracked than you would get if you ran it on
- the files separately.
-
- Incremental Mode
- ------------------
-
- This is the most powerful cracking mode, it can try all possible character
- combinations as passwords. However, it is assumed that cracking with this
- mode will never terminate because of the number of combinations being too
- large (actually, it will terminate if you set a low password length limit,
- or make it use a small charset), and you'll have to interrupt it earlier.
-
- That's why this mode deals with character frequency tables, to get as many
- passwords as possible within a limited time.
-
- To use the mode you need a specific definition for the mode's parameters
- (including password length limits and the charsets). These parameters are
- defined in ~/john.ini's sections called [Incremental:MODE], where MODE is
- any name that you assign to the mode (it's the name you'll need to specify
- on John's command line). You can either use a pre-defined incremental mode
- definition ('All', 'Alpha', or 'Digits'), or define a custom one.
-
- See doc/CONFIG and doc/EXAMPLES for information on defining custom modes.
-
- External Mode
- ---------------
-
- You can define an external cracking mode for use with John. This is done
- with ~/john.ini's sections called [List.External:MODE], where MODE is any
- name that you assign to the mode. The section should contain some functions
- that John will use to generate the words it tries. The functions are coded
- in a subset of the C language, and are compiled by John at startup (if you
- enable the mode on John's command line). See doc/EXTERNAL.
-
- What Modes Should I Use?
- --------------------------
-
- See doc/EXAMPLES for a reasonable order of cracking modes to use.
-