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-
- DISK(8) UNIX Programmer's Manual DISK(8)
-
- NAME
- disk - disk initialization and diagnosis
-
- SYNOPSIS
- /usr/etc/disk [ option flags ] [ action flags ] raw-device
-
- DESCRIPTION
- The disk utility program can be used to initialize, inspect,
- repair, and configure optical, floppy and SCSI disks.
-
- The option flags are used with the -i action flag to specify
- certain parameters when initializing a disk:
-
- -h hostname
- Specifies a hostname to be stored in the disk
- label. The actual hostname of a machine is not
- determined by the disk label, but in the case of
- removable optical media this field may be set for
- informational purposes to indicate which machine
- the disk belongs to.
-
- -l labelname
- The labelname of a disk is printed in the message
- log when the system boots. For optical media this
- is also the name used as the mount point in the /
- directory when the disk is automounted.
-
- -t disk_type
- The disk configuration information in /etc/disktab
- is named by an identifier called the disk type. By
- default, when the disk program is run it will
- attempt to determine the proper disk type to use.
- Use this flag to override the default. This is
- used to reinitialize a disk using a different set
- of configuration parameters from /etc/disktab
- (e.g. a different number and/or size of filesystem
- partition(s)).
-
- The action flags are used to perform a specific command in
- the disk program (only one may be specified):
-
- -i This flag will initialize a disk including writing
- out a new disk label containing information about
- the host name, label name and information found in
- /etc/disktab. A boot program will be installed
- onto the boot block area of the disk from the file
- /usr/standalone/boot. If specified in the confi-
- guration information in /etc/disktab, the initial-
- ize flag will also build empty UNIX filesystems on
- the disk. The initialize flag will destroy all
- data on the disk. WARNING: Don't initialize a
- mounted device. Example: "/etc/disk -h myhost -l
- mydisk -i /dev/rod0a"
-
- -e This flag will eject ejectable media. No attempt
- is made to unmount the filesystems on this disk
- before ejecting.
-
- -b The boot program in /usr/standalone/boot will be
- written onto the boot block area of the disk.
-
- -B Same as -b, except that it takes as an argument
- the pathname of the file containing data to be
- written onto the boot block area of the disk.
-
- -p partitionsize
- The first partition of a two-partition disk will
- be partitionsize, and the second partition uses
- the remainder of the disk. The partitionsize is
- in units of the native blocksize of the device
- (minimum 1K). The -p option only has meaning when
- used with -i.
-
- -q The default disk type information returned by the
- device driver for this disk will be printed. This
- flag is used by the Builddisk application to
- determine what kind of disk is present.
-
- -s If the device driver keeps any special statistics
- for the disk they will be printed with this flag.
-
- -F This flag formats the disk.
-
- -H hostname
- This flag can be used to change the hostname field
- of the disk label without disturbing other fields
- in the label.
-
- -L labelname
- This flag can be used to change the labelname
- field of the disk label without disturbing other
- fields in the label.
-
- If no action flags are specified the program operates in an
- interactive mode. In interactive mode type the interrupt
- character at any time to abort the current command. Typing
- '?' will list the available commands. Many of the commands
- will prompt for additional arguments or sub-commands. There
- are many interactive commands in addition to the ones
- described by the option flags above:
-
- read, write, verify, rw, rwr
- These commands will read, write and verify data on
- the disk. All block numbers used in these com-
- mands are absolute disk block numbers and do not
- correspond to block numbers reported from the
- filesystem. No bad sector forwarding or additions
- are performed with these commands. On an optical
- disk, these commands can be used to write a sector
- that has become unreadable due to an uncorrectable
- ECC errors. WARNING: These commands may destroy
- disk data.
-
- look, set These commands may be used to inspect and modify
- the data buffers used in the read and write com-
- mands described above.
-
- abort This command toggles whether an error will stop
- the read and write commands described above.
-
- label This command is used to print and change informa-
- tion in the disk label. To change only the host-
- name or labelname fields use the -H hostname or -L
- labelname action flags described earlier.
-
- bad Use this command to display and edit the bad block
- table maintained on optical disks.
-
- bitmap Use this command to display and edit the sector
- status bitmap maintained on optical disks.
-
- scan The scan command sequentially searches the disk
- for file system super blocks and prints the file
- system block number where they are found. This
- information is essential if the primary super
- block of a file system is damaged and one needs to
- specify an alternate super block location to the
- file system check program fsck but one does not
- know which block number to specify. (e.g. "fsck
- -bnnn /dev/rod0a" where "nnn" is the block number
- of the alternate super block). A list of these
- block numbers is produced when a file system is
- initialized with the newfs command, but this list
- usually isn't around when needed.
-
- FILES
- /etc/disktab for disk geometry and partition layout
- information
-
- /usr/standalone/boot
- the default program written onto the
- boot block area
-
- SEE ALSO
- disktab(5)
-
- BUGS
- Like all low-level diagnostics written early in the life of
- a new computer, this program exhibits evolutionary develop-
- ment. Some features may be difficult to understand or not
- work exactly as advertised.
-
-