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-
- Amiga TCP/IP Software
-
- FEATURES
-
- The Amiga TCP/IP software supports the A2065 Ethernet card or
- Ameristar Ethernet cards. The software can support as many cards as
- you can connect to a machine (normally up to 5). It works on any
- Amiga under 1.3 or 2.0. Requires 1Mbyte RAM.
-
- The A2065 is a Zorro II card. It provides 15 pin AUI connector for
- use with thick Ethernet (10BASE5) and a BNC connector for use with
- thin Ethernet (10BASE2). It has been tested with Amiga 2000, 2500
- and 3000s.
-
- The Amiga TCP/IP software supports the following basic protocols:
- ARP
- ICMP
- IP
- TCP
- UDP
-
- The following applications are included:
- Telnet (client only)
- FTP (client and server)
- rlogin (client only)
- rloginVT (rlogin with VT100 emulation, client only)
- ping (client and server)
- finger (client and server)
- rsh (client and server, but no rlogin mode)
- rcp (client and server)
- route (client and server)
-
- The following commands and diagnostic programs are included:
-
- arp netstat
- chmod passwd
- lance-test rpcinfo
- ls showmount
-
-
- Network FileSystem (NFS)
-
- The networking software also supports Sun XDR, RPC, and NFS (client only).
- NFS client software gives you the ability to mount disks served by an
- NFS server. Once mounted, access to remote NFS volumes is completely
- transparent. That is, you access remote files just like they were on
- a local partition of your hard drive.
-
- For example, if I have an account on my_vax in directory /usr/graphics
- In my startup-sequence I can execute
-
- nfsmgr mount my_vax:/usr/graphics graphics:
-
- This creates a remote partition graphics: that is functionally equivalent
- to my local work: partition. If I'm running workbench, an icon comes up
- for graphics: and I can open it, move icons into it, etc. Unless I watch
- the hard disk light, I don't even realize that the files are being stored
- across the network, not locally.
-
- NFS server software is available on most UNIX machines, as well as
- many other operating systems.
-
- --------------
- Usage examples
- --------------
-
- ping
- ----
- Ping is used to see if another machine is alive or to check
- to see if a connection exists to the other machine.
-
- Usage: ping [-drv] host [data size] [npackets]
-
- >ping my_vax
-
- PING my_vax (123.4.567.4): 56 data bytes
- 64 bytes from 123.4.567.4: icmp_seq=0. time=16. ms
- 64 bytes from 123.4.567.4: icmp_seq=1. time=0. ms
- 64 bytes from 123.4.567.4: icmp_seq=2. time=0. ms
-
- ----my_vax PING Statistics----
- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
- round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 0/5/16
-
- finger
- ------
- Finger gives information about remote users
-
- Usage: finger [user][@host]
-
- >finger @wheel
-
- [wheel]
- Login Name TTY Idle When Where
- joe Joe Blank p0 9d Mon 16:04 toaster
- cindy Cindy Lane p1 Thu 12:08 blender
-
- >finger joe@wheel
-
- [wheel]
- Login name: joe In real life: Joe Blank
- Directory: /usr/software/joe Shell: /bin/tcsh
- On since Jun 21 12:08:24 on ttyp1 from toaster
- 47 seconds Idle Time
- No unread mail
- No Plan.
-
- rcp
- ---
- rcp is the UNIX remote copy command. In UNIX,
- > rcp my_file host2:
- would copy my_file to host2 (in your home directory, by default)
- Because the colon ":" is used for volume names on the Amiga, Amiga
- rcp uses an equals sign instead. So,
- > rcp startup-sequence my_vax=
- would copy your startup-sequence to my_vax. You can also use
- > rcp startup-sequence my_vax=start
- to copy "startup-sequence" to "start" in your home dir on my_vax.
- The -r option copies recursively, so
- > rcp -r dh0: my_vax=backup
- would copy your entire dh0: partition to the backup directory
- in your home dir on my_vax
-
- rsh
- ---
- rsh executes remote commands. On the Amiga, rsh works just like
- UNIX except an rsh into an Amiga cannot start up an interactive shell.
-
- Usage: rsh host commands...
-
- The following command execute the "status" command on the remote
- Amiga named "toaster"
-
- > rsh toaster status
- Process 1: Loaded as command: inet:c/NFSc
- Process 2: Loaded as command: dh0:bin/fixlace
- Process 3: Loaded as command: dh0:bin/dlineart
- Process 4: No command loaded.
- Process 5: Loaded as command: inet:serv/portmapd
- Process 6: Loaded as command: inet:serv/inetd
- Process 7: No command loaded.
- Process 9: Loaded as command: inet:serv/rshd
- Process 10: Loaded as command: status
-
- For another example of using rsh, see the sample script on the last page.
-
- rpcinfo
- -------
- Gives RPC information on a remote server
-
- >rpcinfo -p wheel
-
- program vers proto port
- 100004 2 udp 1027 ypserv
- 100004 2 tcp 1024 ypserv
- 100004 1 udp 1027 ypserv
- 100004 1 tcp 1024 ypserv
- 100007 2 tcp 1025 ypbind
- 100007 2 udp 1035 ypbind
- 100007 1 tcp 1025 ypbind
- 100007 1 udp 1035 ypbind
- 100009 1 udp 1023 yppasswdd
- 100003 2 udp 2049 nfs
- 100024 1 udp 1087 status
- 100024 1 tcp 1031 status
- 100021 1 tcp 1032 nlockmgr
- 100021 1 udp 1092 nlockmgr
- 100020 1 udp 1095 llockmgr
- 100020 1 tcp 1033 llockmgr
- 100021 2 tcp 1034 nlockmgr
- 100012 1 udp 1115 sprayd
- 100011 1 udp 1117 rquotad
- 100005 1 udp 1119 mountd
- 100008 1 udp 1121 walld
- 100002 1 udp 1123 rusersd
- 100002 2 udp 1123 rusersd
- 100001 1 udp 1126 rstat_svc
- 100001 2 udp 1126 rstat_svc
- 100001 3 udp 1126 rstat_svc
- 100015 6 udp 8769 selection_svc
-
- showmount
- ---------
- Shows which remote volumes may be mounted
-
- >showmount wheel
-
- Filesystem Groups
- /usr gold, allsun, allsoft,
- /usr/wheel gold, allsun, allsoft,
- /usr.MC68010/wheel gold, baby, allsun, allsoft,
- /usr.MC68010 gold, allsun, allsoft,
-
- lance-test
- ----------
- Tests A2065 cards
- lance-test must be run before you start the networking software.
-
- >lance-test diags
- Ethernet address of board is 00:80:10:00:00:01
-
-
- Ethernet Controller Diagnostics
-
- Buffer memory test.............. PASS
- LANCE configuration test........ PASS
- Interrupt test.................. PASS
- LANCE collision logic test...... PASS
- Internal loopback test.......... PASS
-
- Controller passed diagnostics.
-
-
- passwd
- ------
- Updates the local password file. Used for remote access from FTP.
-
- arp
- ---
- Get internet to ethernet address mappings.
- >arp
- usage: arp hostname
- arp -a
- arp -d hostname
- arp -s hostname ether_addr [temp] [pub] [trail]
- arp -f filename
-
- >arp -a
- my_vax (123.4.567.4) at aa:0:4:0:14:8
- wheel (123.4.567.50) at 8:0:20:1:e:1f
-
- netstat
- -------
- Print network statistics.
-
- usage: netstat [ -Aaihmnrst ] [-p proto] [-I interface]
-
- >netstat -p tcp
-
- tcp:
- 1619 packets sent
- 699 data packets (1539 bytes)
- 0 data packets (0 bytes) retransmitted
- 865 ack-only packets (788 delayed)
- 0 URG only packets
- 0 window probe packets
- 0 window update packets
- 55 control packets
- 1257 packets received
- 741 acks (for 1581 bytes)
- 29 duplicate acks
- 0 acks for unsent data
- 1047 packets (115880 bytes) received in-sequence
- 15 completely duplicate packets (15 bytes)
- 0 packets with some dup. data (0 bytes duped)
- 15 out-of-order packets (0 bytes)
- 0 packets (0 bytes) of data after window
- 0 window probes
- 5 window update packets
- 0 packets received after close
- 0 discarded for bad checksums
- 0 discarded for bad header offset fields
- 0 discarded because packet too short
- 22 connection requests
- 11 connection accepts
- 31 connections established (including accepts)
- 44 connections closed (including 0 drops)
- 2 embryonic connections dropped
- 741 segments updated rtt (of 763 attempts)
- 2 retransmit timeouts
- 0 connections dropped by rexmit timeout
- 0 persist timeouts
- 0 keepalive timeouts
- 0 keepalive probes sent
- 0 connections dropped by keepalive
-
- >netstat -I ae0
-
- Name Mtu Network Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Coll
- ae0 1500 xyz amiga3 8390 0 2378 0 0
-
- ls
- --
- UNIX-type ls command for the Amiga. Can show owners and protection
- bits on NFS volumes.
-
- For example,
-
- >list marvel:tmp
-
- Directory "marvel:tmp" on Wednesday 20-Jun-90
- .info 81 ----rwed Thursday 11:23:16
- readme 7128 ----rwed Friday 21:02:37
- rfc-index 136342 ----rw-d Friday 14:48:33
- work Dir --p-rwed Today 15:31:06
- 3 files - 1 directory - 308 blocks used
-
- >ls -l marvel:tmp
-
- drwxrwxrwx 406 14 90-06-20 15:31:06 0 Dir work
- -rwxrw-rwx 406 14 90-06-14 11:23:16 2 81 .info
- -rwxrw-rwx 406 14 90-06-15 21:02:37 14 7128 readme
- -rw-rw-r-- 406 14 90-06-15 14:48:33 288 136342 rfc-index
- Dirs:1 Files:3 Blocks:304 Bytes:143551
-
-
- chmod
- -----
- UNIX-type chmod function for the Amiga. Can modify NFS volume
- protection bits.
-
- >chmod a+w marvel:tmp/rfc-index
- >ls -l marvel:tmp
- drwxrwxrwx 406 14 90-06-20 15:31:06 0 Dir work
- -rwxrw-rwx 406 14 90-06-14 11:23:16 2 81 .info
- -rwxrw-rwx 406 14 90-06-15 21:02:37 14 7128 readme
- -rw-rw-rw- 406 14 90-06-15 14:48:33 288 136342 rfc-index
- Dirs:1 Files:3 Blocks:304 Bytes:143551
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------
-
- SECURITY
-
- Currently the Amiga networking software, like many PC-based
- networking products, is a potential security problem. Every PC
- is configured with a machine name and internet number. Every user
- has a username, user ID (UID), and group ID (GID). The problem
- is that these are not secure and may be easily changed by a
- knowledgeable user.
-
- Some of the important security files you should be aware of
- are:
-
- hosts.equiv
- -----------
- This is a system file that lists the trusted hosts. If a machine
- is included in this list, then rlogin, rsh, rcp, etc. will be
- permitted freely from that machine to your machine.
-
- exports
- -------
- This system file lists which directories will be exported via NFS
- and which machines may access them.
-
- .rhosts
- -------
- This is a user file is the user's home directory. It permits rlogins
- from specific hosts without prompting for a password.
-
- .netrc
- ------
- This is a user file that lists the name and passwords to automatically
- use when FTP'ing to a remote machine. This is always a security
- problem because account names and passwords are listed here in clear
- text.
-
- The interim solution to the security problem is to tell your users to
- not use .netrc and .rhosts files. You should also make sure that
- the hosts.equiv file contains no unsecure machines.
-
- Preventing illegal access via NFS is difficult, because PCs can change
- their names easily. You can make this more difficult for potential
- troublemakers by making permanent arp entries for each PC ethernet
- address. Of course this will make things more difficult in case of
- ethernet board trouble, but in some cases the additional security may
- be worth it.
-
- The best solution to the security problem is to use some kind of
- authentication service. This means that before you use your PC on the
- network, you will first have to provide a valid username and password
- to some central server which maintains a secure master password file.
- We are looking at several different methods to do this.
-
- __________________________________________________
-
- Sample Script for remote printing
-
- This is an example of the power of the rsh command combined
- with either NFS or rcp. You could easily set your amiga up
- to send mail, automatically move files between different machines, etc.
-
- This script assumes the use of NFS. It could be written to use rcp
- if NFS is not available.
-
- . rprint
- .key file/a,homevol/k,username/k,printer/k,number/k,sides/k,type/k
- .bra {
- .ket }
- .def number 2
- .def sides 1
- .def type "ascii"
- .def printer "lp1"
- .def homevol "marvel:"
- .def username "marvel"
-
-
- IF NOT EXISTS {homevol}.prspool
- makedir {homevol}.prspool
- ENDIF
-
- delete >NIL: {homevol}.prspool/#?
-
- copy {file} {homevol}.prspool
-
- run rsh my_vax -l {username} "cd ~{username}/.prspool;lpr -P{printer}
- -N{number} -K{sides} -D{type} *"
-
- echo "Done printing"
-