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- DJPEG(1) DJPEG(1)
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- NAME
- djpeg - decompress a JPEG file to an image file
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- SYNOPSIS
- djpeg [ options ] [ filename ]
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- DESCRIPTION
- djpeg decompresses the named JPEG file, or the standard
- input if no file is named, and produces an image file on
- the standard output. PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM), BMP, GIF, Targa,
- or RLE (Utah Raster Toolkit) output format can be
- selected. (RLE is supported only if the URT library is
- available.)
-
- OPTIONS
- All switch names may be abbreviated; for example,
- -grayscale may be written -gray or -gr. Most of the
- "basic" switches can be abbreviated to as little as one
- letter. Upper and lower case are equivalent (thus -GIF is
- the same as -gif). British spellings are also accepted
- (e.g., -greyscale), though for brevity these are not men
- tioned below.
-
- The basic switches are:
-
- -colors N
- Reduce image to at most N colors. This reduces the
- number of colors used in the output image, so that
- it can be displayed on a colormapped display or
- stored in a colormapped file format. For example,
- if you have an 8-bit display, you'd need to reduce
- to 256 or fewer colors.
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- -quantize N
- Same as -colors. -colors is the recommended name,
- -quantize is provided only for backwards compati
- bility.
-
- -fast Select recommended processing options for fast, low
- quality output. (The default options are chosen
- for highest quality output.) Currently, this is
- equivalent to -dct fast -nosmooth -onepass -dither
- ordered.
-
- -grayscale
- Force gray-scale output even if JPEG file is color.
- Useful for viewing on monochrome displays; also,
- djpeg runs noticeably faster in this mode.
-
- -scale M/N
- Scale the output image by a factor M/N. Currently
- the scale factor must be 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8.
- Scaling is handy if the image is larger than your
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- screen; also, djpeg runs much faster when scaling
- down the output.
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- -bmp Select BMP output format (Windows flavor). 8-bit
- colormapped format is emitted if -colors or
- -grayscale is specified, or if the JPEG file is
- gray-scale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color format is
- emitted.
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- -gif Select GIF output format. Since GIF does not sup
- port more than 256 colors, -colors 256 is assumed
- (unless you specify a smaller number of colors).
-
- -os2 Select BMP output format (OS/2 1.x flavor). 8-bit
- colormapped format is emitted if -colors or
- -grayscale is specified, or if the JPEG file is
- gray-scale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color format is
- emitted.
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- -pnm Select PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM) output format (this is the
- default format). PGM is emitted if the JPEG file
- is gray-scale or if -grayscale is specified; other
- wise PPM is emitted.
-
- -rle Select RLE output format. (Requires URT library.)
-
- -targa Select Targa output format. Gray-scale format is
- emitted if the JPEG file is gray-scale or if
- -grayscale is specified; otherwise, colormapped
- format is emitted if -colors is specified; other
- wise, 24-bit full-color format is emitted.
-
- Switches for advanced users:
-
- -dct int
- Use integer DCT method (default).
-
- -dct fast
- Use fast integer DCT (less accurate).
-
- -dct float
- Use floating-point DCT method. The float method is
- very slightly more accurate than the int method,
- but is much slower unless your machine has very
- fast floating-point hardware. Also note that
- results of the floating-point method may vary
- slightly across machines, while the integer methods
- should give the same results everywhere. The fast
- integer method is much less accurate than the other
- two.
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- -dither fs
- Use Floyd-Steinberg dithering in color quantiza
- tion.
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- -dither ordered
- Use ordered dithering in color quantization.
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- -dither none
- Do not use dithering in color quantization. By
- default, Floyd-Steinberg dithering is applied when
- quantizing colors; this is slow but usually pro
- duces the best results. Ordered dither is a com
- promise between speed and quality; no dithering is
- fast but usually looks awful. Note that these
- switches have no effect unless color quantization
- is being done. Ordered dither is only available in
- -onepass mode.
-
- -map file
- Quantize to the colors used in the specified image
- file. This is useful for producing multiple files
- with identical color maps, or for forcing a prede
- fined set of colors to be used. The file must be a
- GIF or PPM file. This option overrides -colors and
- -onepass.
-
- -nosmooth
- Use a faster, lower-quality upsampling routine.
-
- -onepass
- Use one-pass instead of two-pass color quantiza
- tion. The one-pass method is faster and needs less
- memory, but it produces a lower-quality image.
- -onepass is ignored unless you also say -colors N.
- Also, the one-pass method is always used for gray-
- scale output (the two-pass method is no improvement
- then).
-
- -maxmemory N
- Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing
- large images. Value is in thousands of bytes, or
- millions of bytes if "M" is attached to the number.
- For example, -max 4m selects 4000000 bytes. If
- more space is needed, temporary files will be used.
-
- -outfile name
- Send output image to the named file, not to stan
- dard output.
-
- -verbose
- Enable debug printout. More -v's give more output.
- Also, version information is printed at startup.
-
- -debug Same as -verbose.
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- EXAMPLES
- This example decompresses the JPEG file foo.jpg, automati
- cally quantizes to 256 colors, and saves the output in GIF
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- format in foo.gif:
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- djpeg -gif foo.jpg > foo.gif
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- HINTS
- To get a quick preview of an image, use the -grayscale
- and/or -scale switches. -grayscale -scale 1/8 is the
- fastest case.
-
- Several options are available that trade off image quality
- to gain speed. -fast turns on the recommended settings.
-
- -dct fast and/or -nosmooth gain speed at a small sacrifice
- in quality. When producing a color-quantized image,
- -onepass -dither ordered is fast but much lower quality
- than the default behavior. -dither none may give accept
- able results in two-pass mode, but is seldom tolerable in
- one-pass mode.
-
- If you are fortunate enough to have very fast floating
- point hardware, -dct float may be even faster than -dct
- fast. But on most machines -dct float is slower than -dct
- int; in this case it is not worth using, because its theo
- retical accuracy advantage is too small to be significant
- in practice.
-
- ENVIRONMENT
- JPEGMEM
- If this environment variable is set, its value is
- the default memory limit. The value is specified
- as described for the -maxmemory switch. JPEGMEM
- overrides the default value specified when the pro
- gram was compiled, and itself is overridden by an
- explicit -maxmemory.
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- SEE ALSO
- cjpeg(1), jpegtran(1), rdjpgcom(1), wrjpgcom(1)
- ppm(5), pgm(5)
- Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression
- Standard", Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34,
- no. 4), pp. 30-44.
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- AUTHOR
- Independent JPEG Group
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- BUGS
- Arithmetic coding is not supported for legal reasons.
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- Still not as fast as we'd like.
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