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- November 24, 1990
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- HOLLOW1.ASC
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-
- THE HOLLOW EARTH: A MADDENING THEORY THAT CAN'T BE DISPROVED
- From OMNI Magazine (October 1983), Games section (p. 128)
-
- If there were a hall of fame for pseudoscientists, surely Cyrus Teed
- would deserve a place of honor. It was shortly after the Civil War
- that Teed had his vision: The earth is a hollow sphere, and WE LIVE
- INSIDE IT.
-
- Everything else in the universe is in here with us --planets,
- comets, stars -- everything. What's outside the sphere? Nothing.
-
- Teed's cosmology had a particular appeal to religious
- fundamentalists. It made the earth important again, rather than an
- insignifigant speck in the cosmos. And it eliminted the difficult
- concepts of infinite space and aimlessly scattered worlds. We're
- all right here together in this safe, spherical womb.
-
- In 1870 Teed changed his name to Koresh (ancient Hebrew for Cyrus)
- and started a cult. At its peak in the Nineties the Koreshan
- (pronounced ker-ESH-an) Unity movement had some 4,000 followers.
-
- Teed established a religious/scientific community a few miles south
- of Fort Myers, Florida, and there founded the town of Estero. He
- was determined to prove his theory scientifically and launched his
- own geodetic survey in 1897 to do just that.
-
- Using his "rectilineator," a set of double-T squares made of large
- logs, he projected a horizontal line until his calculations
- indicated that it would plunge into the Gulf of Mexico, four miles
- from its starting point.
-
- This was Teed's proof that the earth's surface is concave and that
- his rectilineator line had intersected the earth's upward curve.
-
- The scientists had gotten everything backward: It is centrifugal
- force, not gravity, that keeps our feet planted on the ground. The
- sphere *is* about 25,000 miles around, just as the scientists say.
-
- China is about 8,000 miles away, through the earth's center --
- straight up.
-
- The Nazis entertained many occult theories in their quest for world
- domination, and Teed's was one of them. At one point a Nazi
- expedition went to the Isle of Man.
-
- Its mission: to get secret photographs of the United States by
- pointing its powerful telescopes *up*.
- ...
- Page 1
-
-
-
-
-
- What's most infuriating is that a little mathematical fiddling turns
- this crazy theory into a proposition that is virtually impossible to
- refute. The trick is done by *inversion*, a purely geometric
- transformation that lets a methemetician turn shapes inside-out.
-
- When a sphere is inverted, ever point outside is mapped to a
- corresponding point inside, and vice versa.
-
- The goemetry is quite simple. If a sphere's center is "C" and its
- radius is "r," then every outside point "P" maps to an inside point
- "P'" such that "CP x CP' = r2" {that's "r squared" - Foxx}.
-
- {My apologies for not being able to include the accompanying
- illustration. - Foxx}
-
- Here's a good way to visualize it: For any outside point "P" (on
- the sun, or Pluto, or Cygnus X, for example), draw a circle that has
- "CP" as its diameter. From one of the two points where this circle
- intersects the earth, draw a line perpendicular to "CP."
-
- The intersection point {of this perpendicular and "CP"} is the
- location of "P'".
-
- By far the largest body in our inverted Earth is the moon; a bit
- over half a mile in diameter and some 3,933 miles over our heads.
-
- The sun's sphere is only eight feet across. The stars are
- microscopic spots clustered around the center, which is, of course,
- infinity.
-
- Is there any way to prove we *aren't* inside a hollow earth? We
- asked H.S.M. Coxeter, mathematics professor at the University of
- Toronto and an expert on inversion geometry.
-
- "I can't think of any," he said. "A rocket flight, an eclipse, a
- Foucault pendulum, a Coriolis effect -- any observation we can make
- on the outside of the earth has an exact duplicate version inside.
- There would be no way to tell which was the truth."
-
- Just as the geometry of space inverts, so do all the laws of
- physics. Toward the center of a hollow Earth, light slows down and
- everything shrinks -- atoms, astronauts, spaceships, and measuring
- rods.
-
- Light travels in circular paths, producing some weird (but lawful)
- optical effects. Astronauts on the moon looked back on what they
- thought was a blue sphere in the distance. Actually it was the
- inside of the earth's shell, through sight lines that flared like
- the bell of a trumpet, producing the *illusion* of a sphere.
-
- The optical distortion is something like the wide angle view through
- a fisheye lens.
-
- As we look to the sky and the horizons, our visual field is filled
- with a sphere some 4,000 miles in diameter. Celestial bodies that
- revolve around the earth's center appear to "rise" and "set" as they
- enter or leave that sphere.
-
- Cyrus Teed said that the moon is an illusion, that gravity is really
-
- Page 2
-
-
-
-
-
- centrifugal force, and that a horizontal line on the earth's surface
- eventually intersects the earth's upward curvature.
-
- We like to think that if he were alive today he would junk some of
- his earlier predictions to conform to inverse geometry, thereby
- keeping his theory irrefutable.
-
- The centrifugal-force idea is demonstrably false. If it were so,
- there would be two points on the earth's surface where the force
- disappeared -- along the axis of spin.
-
- It is gravity of a peculiar kind that pulls us all to the outside.
- Teed's rectilineator experiment must have been in error. A line
- that appears horizontal actually curves in toward the center and so
- gets farther and farther "above" the surface.
-
- Teed would have embraced Einstein's view of a finite, bounded
- universe in which light travels in circles and eventually returns to
- its starting point.
-
- An infinitely powered telescope aimed straight up, Einstein said,
- will eventually produce a view of the other side of the earth.
-
- That idea might seem paradoxical to most of us, but it would have
- been intuitively obvious to Cyrus Teed.
-
- ... the Australian Journal _Speculations in Science and Technology
- has published an article by Mostafa A Abdelkader, of Alexandria,
- Egypt, that considers in all seriousness the proposal that we really
- *are* in a hollow Earth.
-
- Abdelkader says that the only way to test the theory's validity is
- to drill a tunnel straight through the earth.
-
- Until such an experiment is performed, he writes, "it seems ... that
- the odds are strongly in favor of [a hollow Earth] being our actual
- universe."
-
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- Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.
-
- Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson
- Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet
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