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- CMOS.TXT
-
- Purpose
- *******
-
- 1. Naive users sometimes meddle with CMOS settings. We need a
- fast way to put the scores of subtle CMOS configuration settings
- back the way they were.
-
- 2. Power surges can corrupt CMOS. We need a way for a naive
- user to quickly restore all the CMOS settings.
-
- 3. If the battery fails, the contents will be lost. We need a
- way to restore a known working CMOS configuration.
-
-
- Syntax
- ******
-
- There are three utilities in the CMOS suite:
-
- CMOSSAVE.COM A:Myfile.Sav
- IF ERRORLEVEL 1 GO TO Trouble
-
- - saves a copy of CMOS in a file on hard disk or floppy.
-
- CMOSREST.COM A:MyFile.Sav
- IF ERRORLEVEL 1 GO TO Trouble
-
- - restores CMOS from a file on hard disk or floppy.
-
- CMOSCHK.COM A:MyFile.Sav
- IF ERRORLEVEL 1 GO TO FixIt
-
- - checks that CMOS has not been meddled with since the
- last CMOSSAVE. Compares CMOS with a file on hard disk
- or floppy.
-
- Hints on Use
- ************
-
- Do a CMOSSAVE both to hard disk and to floppy. The hard disk
- copy can be used for quick restores built into your AUTOEXEC.BAT
- file.
-
- CMOSCHK.COM C:\MyCMOS.Sav
- IF ERRORLEVEL 1 CMOSREST.COM C:\MyCMOS.Sav
-
- At that point you must reboot before the restored cmos settings
- take effect. See CHKSAVE.BAT for a realistic way to handle
- this.
-
- Sometimes CMOS will be so badly damaged the hard disk parameters
- will be corrupt and your hard disk will stop working. In that
- case you will have to revert to using the floppy copy.
-
- Whenever you change your CMOS setting deliberately, you need to
- redo the CMOSSAV.COM. However USE A NEW FILENAME, so that you
- can easily revert to the old version if your new settings do not
- pan out.
-
- How it works
- ************
-
- CMOSSAVE.COM simply copies the 128 byte contents of the CMOS
- bytes to a file. CMOSREST.COM copies them back. CMOSCHK
- compares them with the file contents. If they are not equal it
- sets ERRORLEVEL 1.
-
- CMOSREST does not touch bytes 0 to 09 and 32h because these are
- volatile -- they contain the date and time. Similarly CMOSCHK,
- does not panic if any of these volatile bytes differ. However,
- CMOSSAVE saves all 128 bytes, so that you can browse the
- generated file with a hex editor to learn more about how CMOS
- works.
-
- Because CMOSSave also saves the extended CMOS bytes, CMOSRest
- will restore the esoteric options like shadow RAM, wait states,
- processor clock speed, HMA enable etc.
-
- These is no need to calculate checksums, since the checksum is
- saved and restored just like any other CMOS byte.
-
- I have included a file called CHKCMOS.BAT which can be inserted
- in your AUTOEXEC.BAT which uses all three utilities.
-
-
- How CMOS is used
- ****************
-
- CMOS is battery backed RAM that stores configuration information
- when the power is off. It is on my top ten worst ideas list of
- all time. The problem is, CMOS is far too easily corrupted, by
- programs, power or meddling.
-
- offset purpose
- 00 seconds time of day
- 01 seconds alarm
- 02 minutes time of day
- 03 minutes alarm
- 04 hours time of day
- 05 hours alarm
- 06 day of week
- 07 alarm day of month
- 08 month of year
- 09 year 1980=0
- 0A status register A
- !0B status register B alarm
- !0C status register C flags
- !0D status register D battery
- !0E diagnostics status
- !0F shutdown status
- !10* diskette type
- !11* reserved
- !12* hard disk type
- !13* reserved
- !14* LSB equipment word
- !15* LSB base RAM in K
- !16* MSB base RAM in K
- !17* LSB expansion RAM in K
- !18* MSB expansion RAM in K
- !19* fixed disk type C: extension
- !1A* fixed disk type D: extension
- !1B*.2D reserved
- !2E* MSB checksum
- !2F* LSB checksum
- !30 LSB extended RAM in K above 1 MB
- !31 MSB extended RAM in K above 1 MB
- 32 BCD Century
- !33 128K info status byte
- !34..3F reserved
- !40..79 reserved for use by chipset maker
-
- ! = must be restored
- * = checksummed
-
- Troubleshooting
- ***************
-
- Sometimes your CMOS will be so wrecked you cannot even get your
- machine limping enough to run CMOSREST from floppy. In that
- case you must clear CMOS. Do this on AMI BIOSes by holding down
- the INS key, powering off, powering on, then releasing the INS
- key. In the worst case, remove the battery and let the
- capacitance on the board drain overnight to clear it.
-
- You can then get a bare bones CMOS configured -- that just has
- the floppies right. From there you can run CMOSREST.COM.
-
- What is considered volatile and what is not, might vary for
- different boards. If you have trouble restoring, DO NOT
- DESPAIR. All is recorded. A variant of the CMOSREST program
- could get you back. All you need is the source.
-
-
- Author
- ******
-
- CMOSSAVE, CMOSREST and CMOSCHK are copyrighted but may be freely
- used for any purpose except military. MASM source is available.
- If you pass the files on, PLEASE PASS ON THIS DOCUMENTATION TOO.
- I hereby CURSE anyone to writhe in maggots if they pull the
- childish stunt of passing on programs without the concomitant
- documentation.
-
- Please report bugs and problems to:
- Roedy Green
- Canadian Mind Products
- #168 - 1020 Mainland Street
- Vancouver BC Canada
- V6B 2T4
- (604) 684-6529
-
- Electronic mail users can contact me on:
- BIX id ROEDY
- Zoomit id GREEN ROEDY
-
- Harvey Fishman wrote a pair of programs similar to CMOSSAVE and
- CMOSREST, but to the best of my knowledge, never released them.
-
- Shareware Status
- ****************
-
- CMOSSAVE CMOSREST and CMOSCHK are shareware. If you like them send
- $20 US or Canadian to:
-
- CMOSSAVE
- Canadian Mind Products
- #168 - 1020 Mainland Street
- Vancouver BC Canada
- V6B 2T4
- (604) 684-6529 voice
- (604) 684-5541 fax
-
- We can take Visa, but not other credit cards by phone.
-
- Please mention the program title since we sell thousands of
- different products.
-
- We in return will send you the latest version complete with MASM
- source for CMOSSAVE, CMOSREST, CMOSCHK, REBOOT, BOOTSAVE,
- BOOTREST and BOOTCHK.
-
- If you don't register, we will not do anything mean to you. We
- don't even want you to feel guilty. This is fee is purely
- voluntary. Enjoy.
-
- -30-
-