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TURBO PASCAL 6.0 SYS60A.TPU INSTALLATION GUIDE Version 6.0a March 26, 1991 Copyright (C) 1990-1991 Eagle Performance Software All Rights Reserved. _______ ____|__ | (tm) --| | |------------------- | ____|__ | Association of | | |_| Shareware |__| o | Professionals -----| | |--------------------- |___|___| MEMBER SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ASP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. GETTING STARTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Distribution Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 LongInt Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Decimal / String Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 String handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Set Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Other Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Code Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Greater Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4. SPEED TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Profiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Rate Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 APPENDIX A: Application Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 APPENDIX B: Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N FEATURES Welcome to SYS60 replacement unit for Turbo Pascal 6.0! How would you like to speed up your Turbo Pascal 6.0 programs without changing a single line of code? You have just found the easiest way to do it! SYS60 replaces the SYSTEM.TPU in your TURBO.TPL library with our unit which has much faster algorithms for over 32 built-in procedures and functions like Pos and Div. See as much as 800% increase in speed! How can you do it? Simply run a batch file to replace your SYSTEM.TPU. Then any program you compile will automatically have the faster algorithms - no code to change. And you get the exact same results - only faster! PHILOSOPHY The RTL - Borland has been gracious enough to make the Run-Time Library (RTL) assembler source code available to any user for their own modifications (for a license fee of $195). There are six units specific to TP 6.0 in the RTL and the SYSTEM unit is by far the most significant. But why would anyone want to take the time for a critical look at this fundamental code? Most programmers are trying to stay busy and produce applications. But after getting a copy for ourselves, we noticed that there were some ways that we could trim the amount of time that the CPU spends on a number of SYSTEM routines. And if these routines can be sped up, then your overall applications can be sped up as well - without changing any of your source code. The Critical Look - We decided to take whatever time it took to go back over the SYSTEM unit to produce the fastest code possible. Here are some of the things we considered: . Created 16-bit transfer methods in lieu of 8-bit. . Replaced PUSH/POP with MOV. . Combined register/flag operations. . Reduced routine CALLs. . Tightened clocks in intensive loops. . Tested for CPU in use. . Used CPU registers in lieu of stack. . Used pass-through conditional jumps. . Eliminated redundant jumps. In some routines, this would reduce the amount of code to achieve the same operation. In others, a few extra bytes greatly increased the speed. SYS60 is the final result of this effort. LICENSING Registration - These routines and the documentation have been released for Chapter 1, Introduction Page 3 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a distribution as Shareware. You have been given the chance to sample the full capability of SYS without risk! If you find that SYS is a valuable tool, then you are expected to register. You will find a reasonable licensing schedule found in LICENSE.LIC to meet private or commercial needs. Source Code - Due to Borland's License Agreement on the Run-Time Library (RTL), we are not authorized to release source code based on the RTL no matter what modifications we have made. So, at the current time, the source code will not be available for release and will just be managed by Eagle Performance Software. Please contacts us for the latest developments. Commercial Version - This may be our last shareware version. Future versions will be sold commercially. DISCOUNTS Should you register before June 31, 1991, you will be sent an even faster system unit than the one supplied in this archive. Plus, you will get a 20% extra discount on our STRG61 string handling unit when you register at the same time. CUSTOMER SERVICE If you have questions, comments, or suggestions, the Eagle can be contacted by four means - (1) telephone, (2) CompuServe, (3) The Eagle BBS, or (4) mail. Telephone - To contact the Eagle, you can reach us by phone at (214) 539-7855 on weekdays and Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. CST. CompuServe - Another means is through CompuServe. For personal contact, Jordan Gallagher [73557,2342] or Jim LeMay [76011,217] can be reached through CIS MAIL. The Eagle BBS - You can also contact us on our 24-hour BBS at (214) 539- 9878, at connections of 1200/2400/9600 MNP5/V.42bis N81. Mail - For registration or problems, please write: Eagle Performance Software P.O. Box 292786 Lewisville, TX 75029-2786 In your written request for resolving problems, be sure to include: . A diskette of compilable source code of the problem. . The Eagle product and version number. . The computer CPU. Chapter 1, Introduction Page 4 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a ASP SYS is a shareware program conforming to the standards of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). You can get more information about ASP by writing to: Association of Shareware Professionals 545 Grover Road Muskegon, MI 49442 This program is produced by a member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for member's products. Please write to: ASP Ombudsman 545 Grover Road Muskegon, MI 49442 or send a CompuServe message via CIS MAIL to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536. Chapter 1, Introduction Page 5 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a 2. G E T T I N G S T A R T E D This section will acquaint you with the files on distribution disk and show you how to install the new SYSTEM.TPU. DISTRIBUTION FILES In this version, SYS60A.ZIP contains: Sys60a .bat: Automatic installation batch file. Sys60a .tpu: System replacement unit. Sys60a .doc: This file. Rate60a .pas: A simple, accurate time test routine for reps/second. ToPrint .txt: Instructions for printing docs. License .lic: Order form. Statment.lic: Statement for license terms and conditions. Files have been archived using PKZIP. They should be authentically verified after extraction with our company name - Eagle Performance Software. INSTALLATION To install the new system unit, simply run the SYS60A.BAT file in your TP60 directory. But just to make you feel comfortable about running it, we'll explain what it does first. 1. It creates a back-up copy of your current library TURBO.TPL in a file called TPL-BOR.TPL. (BOR = Borland) 2. It then creates a second copy of this library in a file called TPL-EPS.TPL. (EPS = Eagle Performance Software) 3. Then it modifies TPL-EPS.TPL by installing the new SYSTEM.TPU. 4. Finally, TPL-EPS.TPL is copied to TURBO.TPL. 5. As a clean-up measure, SYSTEM.TPU is deleted. So be sure you have your original ZIP file of SYS60A.TPU. The installation only needs to be done one time. In fact, it won't let you do it more than once. Should you ever want to go back to your original library, simply copy TPL-BOR.TPL to TURBO.TPL. To install, do the following steps: 1. Go to your TP directory and be sure that TURBO.TPL exists. 2. Also, be sure that TPUMOVER.EXE is on your path. 3. If you are upgrading to a new version of SYS, be sure that TURBO.TPL is considered your "original" library. (If not, copy TPL-BOR.TPL to TURBO.TPL.) 4. Also be sure that there are NO files named SYSTEM.TPU, TPL-BOR.TPL, or TPL-EPS.TPL in this directory. 5. Copy SYS60A.TPU and SYS60A.BAT into this directory. Chapter 2, Getting Started Page 6 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a 6. Run SYS60A.BAT. 7. Compile your programs as usual. Recompiling - To get the new system into your programs, simply recompile your program to create an EXE file. There is no need to rebuild TPUs. Since SYS60 was designed as drop-in replacement, its interface was not modified. This means all pre-compiled TPUs will compile as is. No Learning Curve - That's all there is to making your programs run faster. No code changes and no new routines to learn about. If your programs intensively use the improved routines, the speed increase will really be noticeable. Chapter 2, Getting Started Page 7 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a 3. P E R F O R M A N C E This section will show you which algorithms were improved and the range of speed improvements. Speed increases were checked on a 386/20Hz computer. Values will vary between applications and hardware. LONGINT MATH Long integer math speed is greatly improved. Intel 80386 users will enjoy even greater speed since the algorithms check for the CPU. A source code line like the following: i1 := abs(i2 * i3 div i4 mod i5); would get these increases in speed: Operation Increase ---------------------------- -------- * 15% div / mod (16-bit cpu's) 250-630% div / mod (32-bit cpu's) 800% abs 5% DECIMAL / STRING CONVERSIONS Conversions from string to scalars and vice-versa are improved in speed as well. The improvement is readily noticed. Scalars are bytes, short integers, integers, words, and long integers. Some values of reals are also affected, but it is minimal. The procedures Str and Val are directly affected as well as conversions in Read, ReadLn, Write, and WriteLn statements. Intel 80386 users will also notice an additional increase in speed since the routine detects the CPU in operation. Procedure Increase ---------------------------- -------- Str (scalar) 40-100% Str (scalar) (32-bit cpu's) 115-205% Val (scalar) 19% STRING HANDLING String handling is improved mostly by using 16-bit transfers instead of just 8-bit handling. Plus, the algorithms are more efficient. The longer the string, the more apparent the increase in speed. The speed increases below reflect the maximum increase on 255-char strings: Chapter 3, Performance Page 8 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a Operation Increase Comments ---------------------------- ---------- ------------------------- Loading, storing, moving up to 70% (such as ":=" ) Comparing up to 70% (such as Str1<Str2) Pos up to 340% Concat up to 63% Copy up to 34% Insert / Delete up to 400% Covert char to string 8% SET HANDLING Set handling is also improved slightly overall, but the variable range is improved greatly. Improvements are as follows: Operation Increase ---------------------------- ---------- Subset/superset relation up to 18% Intersection 8% Union 8% Add variable range up to 850% Add component 5% Difference 7% OTHER IMPROVEMENTS Other procedures have also been improved with more efficient preparation for DOS interfaces. But depending on your version of DOS and the efficiency of your hardware, you may or may not see any difference in speed: Procedure / Function Increase ---------------------------- ---------- Assign (text files) up to 4% FilePos 240% FileSize 17% Rename up to 120% Read/ReadLn (text files) up to 60% Write/WriteLn (text files) up to 330% Text Files - If you use text files, you will be able to see much greater results with this unit. Procedures like Write and WriteLn use several routines that are transparent to the programmer. This includes writing strings, characters, integers, and reals. SetTextBuf - TIP: If you haven't already learned about it, read up on the SetTextBuf procedure on page 140 of the Turbo Pascal Reference Guide. A 16k buffer along with SYS60 can increase your writing speeds 10 times or more. For example: Chapter 3, Performance Page 9 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a var TF1: text; Buf: array[1..16384] of char; begin Assign (TF1,'file1'); SetTextBuf (TF1,Buf); { Place it right after Assign } Rewrite (TF1); { ... } Close (TF1); end. By default, the optional size parameter for SetTextBuf is not required in the above example. However, if you chose to use untyped pointers, then the size parameter is mandatory: var TF1: text; BufPtr: pointer begin GetMem (BufPtr,10000); Assign (TF1,'file1'); SetTextBuf (TF1,BufPtr^,10000); { Size parameter required here } Rewrite (TF1); { ... } Close (TF1); end. If the size was not specified, by default, the buffer size is set to zero cutting off all disk I/O and leaving your programs in an endless loop. The Library Reference Guide does not mention this. On the other hand, the use of typed pointers does not require a size parameter. Objects - Copying of objects is also improved up to 95%. CODE SIZE Should your programs use all of the new features, they would increase in size by only 320 bytes - not a bad trade-off for the speed! You can check your own actual increase in size, but be sure to turn off all debugging before comparing. GREATER SPEEDS Should you decide to register, you will be sent an even faster system unit with the added features of variable and memory handling increases of up to 95%. Plus, you can register for STRG61 string unit at a 20% discount before June 31, 1990. Chapter 3, Performance Page 10 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a 4. S P E E D T E S T I N G PROFILER The easiest way to see differences in speed is to run your program through a profiler program such as the one provided by Borland called Turbo Profiler (TPROF). This program is provided with Turbo Assembler/Debugger 2.0 or a later version. It will display the actual time used in the time- sensitive portions of your code that you want to observe. This tool can give you the proof you need to see speed improvements. Quick Samples - Some sections of code may be too fast for TPROF to give a measurable value. If you do use it for very quick areas or individual lines, our experience shows that an "enable" operation must be placed on the first line and a "disable" after the last line. For example, suppose you wanted to measure the time duration of lines 200 and 201: LongInt1 := LongInt2; { Line 199 } e> LongInt3 := LongInt2 div LongInt4; { Line 200 } => LongInt5 := LongInt6; { Line 201 } d> LongInt7 := LongInt5; { Line 202 } delay (1000); { Line 203 } If you did not place a "disable" on line 202, the time duration of lines 202 and onward would have been included on line 201. This would make you think that line 201 took 1 full second to run because the delay of line 203 would have been included. Lines 200-201 are so fast that TPROF says that they both took 0.0000 seconds. For something like this when there is only a few lines of code to measure, consider using the rate timer provided with SYS instead. RATE TIMER Should you not have access to a profiling tool, a simple rate timer program has been included called RATE60.PAS so you can test your own code sequences. This routine may actually be more helpful than Turbo Profiler, since RATE can display more resolution. Rate Timer - RATE60.PAS is a rate timer as opposed to an event timer. A rate timer measures how many events occurred during a single duration, while an event timer measures the duration of a single event. RATE has a high resolution of +/-1 repetition and is particularly suited for short events (<.01 seconds). Insert Code - The program is already set to run testing the DIV operation. If you run it as is, the program will run about 2 seconds and and return the result of "Reps/Second". This tells how many times the sequence of code was executed in a second. The higher the number of reps, the faster the speed. You can test the program under either TPL-BOR.TPL or TPL-EPS.TPL by simply copying the appropriate file to TURBO.TPL. The increase in speed can be seen by comparing the results between the two system units. You can modify the code in the "Insert Code" area to test Chapter 4, Speed Testing Page 11 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a any sequence of code you want. Reset Variables - Sometimes you will need to reset a variable to its original value before testing again. Since you don't want the time it takes to reset the variables to affect the results, they should be subtracted out. The RATE60 program automatically does this. For example, if you were to test the DELETE procedure, you code may look something like the following: fillchar (MyStr,256,'a'); MyStr[0] := 255; Delete (MyStr,1,1); The first two lines do the job of resetting the MyStr variable. Instead of placing these two lines in the "Insert Code" area, they should be placed in the ResetVariables procedure. Only the last line should be placed in the "Insert Code" area. If you check out the code, you'll see that the ResetVariables procedure is used for both resetting the variables and is later subtracted out of the final result. This gives you a true value for "Reps/Second". Init - Different from repeatedly resetting a variables, use the Init procedure for a one time initialization. This will allow you to preserve a given value throughout the testing process. RepsPerSec - The variable RepsPerSec (or R) is the variable to observe in your watch window for the final results which is also output to the screen. It is probably easier to enter "R" into the watch window than RepsPerSec. Use either one and see how much SYS60 improves your speed! Chapter 4, Speed Testing Page 12 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a A P P E N D I X A : A P P L I C A T I O N P R O D U C T S Eagle Performance Software has developed identical products for both Turbo C and Turbo Pascal. Our pledge is to provide you quality products with unparalleled performance and ease of use. All registered users receive the complete source code when a signed license agreement is returned. (SYS is currently not eligible for source code release. Contact us for latest developments.) STRG STRG - Extremely-high speed string processing routines for strings, characters, and all types of numbers including case, classification, comparison, conversions, copy, count, delete, format, justification, membership, parse, position, replace, search, sort, tabbing, ASCIIZ, many with match/ignore case and many more - 111 routines in 6.3kb or less. File name CIS Name Compiler ----------- ---------- -------- STRG57.ZIP STRG57.ZIP TP55 STRG61A.ZIP STRG61.ZIP TP60 QWIK QWIK - For direct screen video, QWIK is the highest performance screen writing tools available today for all text modes in any video configuration. QWIK provides capabilities far beyond those in the unit/library that comes with your compiler. Here are some of the features: - Writes on all IBM compatible computers, displays and adapters including MDA, CGA, EGA, MCGA, VGA, 8514/A, Hercules and 3270 PC. - Superior video detection routine. - Eliminates snow and flicker. - Writes directly to the screen in absolute rather than relative coordinates. - Writes in all text modes and column modes. - Writes on all video pages. - Writes on virtual screens in RAM. - Writes text and attribute, text only, or attribute only. - Reads strings, characters and attributes. - Uses End-Of-String (EOS) marker for quick string chaining. - Provides standardized cursor shapes for all adapters. - Enhanced cursor movement. - Compatible with DESQview and similar multi-tasking environments. - Over 650% faster than standard direct screen writing. - Only 2.7k bytes of code if all 43 utilities are used. - Optimized by the compiler and drops unused code. - Used in all other Eagle products. - Excellent documentation like this document. Appendix A: Application Products Page 13 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a Here are the product versions: File name CIS Name Compiler ----------- ---------- -------- QWIK56.ARC QWIK55.ARC TP4-5.5 QWIK60.ARC QWIK60.ARC TP60 QWIKC21.ARC QWKC21.ARC TC2 WNDW WNDW - For multi-level virtual windows, WNDW is the highest performance window utilities available today. WNDW avoids the excess code of windows as objects. It offers very powerful utilities for full window control and management you probably never thought possible. They are simple and yet very powerful with high speed and tight code. With WNDW, you can choose the absolute writing routines of QWIK, the window-relative writing routines of WNDW, and even customize your own. Here are some of the features you will discover: - Uses the powerful direct screen writing routines of QWIK. - Up to 254 fixed or virtual windows can be on the screen at one time. - Extremely high-speed virtual screens in RAM (up to 40 times faster). - Virtual windows are fully updated on screen, even if covered. Screens can scroll underneath one another right on the screen at very high speeds! - Virtual windows have virtual titles. - Fully supported hidden windows saved in RAM. - Fully supports all video pages. - Adjustable-rate moving, resizing, and scrolling. - All windows can be randomly accessed, not just stacked or tiled. - 28 window-relative writing routines. - 15 different border styles with shadow and zoom effects. - Full line drawing procedures. - Full cursor mode control for each window. - Writes in all text modes and column modes. - Only 13k bytes of code if all 69 utilities are used. - Used in all other Eagle products. - Excellent documentation like this document. Here are the product versions: File name CIS Name Compiler ----------- ---------- -------- WNDW55.ARC WNDW55.ARC TP4-5.5 WNDWC21.ARC WNDC21.ARC TC2 PULL PULL - For multi-level pull-down menus, PULL is fully featured and fully configurable. Includes execute, single, and multiple choice menus, Appendix A: Application Products Page 14 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a unlimited nested submenus, data entry windows, help windows, directory windows, message system, and fully completed interfaces. Some of the features are: - Uses QWIK and WNDW. - Work window(s) and complete interface for menus - Pull-down menus with 3 menu modes and 8 line modes - Pull-down file directory - Highlighted command letters - Unlimited levels of submenus - Unlimited data entry windows for 9 types of data - Data entry for the work window(s) Free field entry with either fixed column or flexible column length. Full editing capability including insert cursor mode Full field selection with cursor keys Automatic NumLock for numerical data entry Right or left justification for data entry output Error messages for invalid data entries Error messages for data entries out of range - Automatic sizes and locations for menus. - Operation by cursor keys or command keys - Pull/Pop between work window and nested submenu(s) - Programmable control of pull and pop sequences - Context-sensitive help - Message lines for prompts and processing - Full working shell for user development - Excellent documentation like this document. Here are the product versions: File name CIS Name Compiler ----------- ---------- -------- PULL55.ARC PULL55.ARC TP4-5.5 PULLC21.ARC PULC21.ARC TC2 ON-LINE SERVICES CompuServe - All updated files and later versions that are shareware can be found on the CompuServe Borland Forums (GO BPROGA for TP and GO BPROGB for TC). The Eagle BBS - You can also contact us on our 24-hour BBS at (214) 539- 9878, at connections of 1200/2400/9600 MNP5/V.42bis N81. Appendix A: Application Products Page 15 SYSTEM Unit Installation Guide, Version 6.0a A P P E N D I X B : R E V I S I O N H I S T O R Y REVISIONS: Version 6.0 (02-20-91): . Initial release | Version 6.0a (03-26-91): | . Fixed variable range set routine. Last value was considered 1-based | and stayed one short of the given range. Reset to 0-based. (This was | already fixed in a previous version. Old and new source was | inadvertently swapped.) | . Read/ReadLn used incorrect file pointer with local string variables. | . Added TOPRINT.TXT file for printing instructions. CREDITS: The original Turbo Pascal Runtime Library is copyright (C) 1991 by Borland International, Inc. Modification is copyright (C) 1991 by James H. LeMay for Eagle Performance Software. All Rights Reserved. Protected by the United States Copyright Laws. Appendix B: Revision History Page 16