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- .MODEL SMALL
- .CODE
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_STRING
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure writes a string of characters to the screen. The ;
- ; string must end with DB 0 ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DS:DX Address of the string ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_CHAR ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_STRING PROC
- PUSH AX
- PUSH DX
- PUSH SI
- PUSHF ;Save direction flag
- CLD ;Set direction for increment (forward)
- MOV SI,DX ;Place address into SI for LODSB
- STRING_LOOP:
- LODSB ;Get a character into the AL register
- OR AL,AL ;Have we found the 0 yet?
- JZ END_OF_STRING ;Yes, we are done with the string
- MOV DL,AL ;No, write character
- CALL WRITE_CHAR
- JMP STRING_LOOP
- END_OF_STRING:
- POPF ;Restore direction flag
- POP SI
- POP DX
- POP AX
- RET
- WRITE_STRING ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_HEX
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure converts the byte in the DL register to hex and writes ;
- ; the two hex digits at the current cursor position. ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DL Byte to convert to hex. ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_HEX_DIGIT ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_HEX PROC ;Entry point
- PUSH CX ;Save registers used in this procedure
- PUSH DX
- MOV DH,DL ;Make a copy of byte
- MOV CX,4 ;Get the upper nibble in DL
- SHR DL,CL
- CALL WRITE_HEX_DIGIT ;Display first hex digit
- MOV DL,DH ;Get lower nibble into DL
- AND DL,0Fh ;Remove the upper nibble
- CALL WRITE_HEX_DIGIT ;Display second hex digit
- POP DX
- POP CX
- RET
- WRITE_HEX ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_HEX_DIGIT
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure converts the lower 4 bits of DL to a hex digit and ;
- ; writes it to the screen. ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DL Lower 4 bits contain number to be printed ;
- ; in hex. ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_CHAR ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_HEX_DIGIT PROC
- PUSH DX ;Save registers used
- CMP DL,10 ;Is this nibble <10?
- JAE HEX_LETTER ;No, convert to a letter
- ADD DL,"0" ;Yes, convert to a digit
- JMP Short WRITE_DIGIT ;Now write this character
- HEX_LETTER:
- ADD DL,"A"-10 ;Convert to hex letter
- WRITE_DIGIT:
- CALL WRITE_CHAR ;Display the letter on the screen
- POP DX ;Restore old value of DX
- RET
- WRITE_HEX_DIGIT ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_CHAR
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure prints a character on the screen using the DOS ;
- ; function call. WRITE_CHAR replaces the characters 0 through 1Fh with ;
- ; a period. ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DL Byte to print on screen. ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_CHAR PROC
- PUSH AX
- PUSH DX
- CMP DL,32 ;Is character before a space?
- JAE IS_PRINTABLE ;No, then print as is
- MOV DL,'.' ;Yes, replace with a period
- IS_PRINTABLE:
- MOV AH,2 ;Call for character output
- INT 21h ;Output character in DL register
- POP DX ;Restore old value in AX and DX
- POP AX
- RET
- WRITE_CHAR ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_DECIMAL
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure writes a 16-bit, unsigned number in decimal notation. ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DX N : 16-bit, unsigned number. ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_HEX_DIGIT ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_DECIMAL PROC
- PUSH AX ;Save registers used here
- PUSH CX
- PUSH DX
- PUSH SI
- MOV AX,DX
- MOV SI,10 ;Will divide by 10 using SI
- XOR CX,CX ;Count of digits placed on stack
- NON_ZERO:
- XOR DX,DX ;Set upper word of N to 0
- DIV SI ;Calculate N/10 and (N mod 10)
- PUSH DX ;Push one digit onto the stack
- INC CX ;One more digit added
- OR AX,AX ;N = 0 yet?
- JNE NON_ZERO ;Nope, continue
- WRITE_DIGIT_LOOP:
- POP DX ;Get the digits in reverse order
- CALL WRITE_HEX_DIGIT
- LOOP WRITE_DIGIT_LOOP
- END_DECIMAL:
- POP SI
- POP DX
- POP CX
- POP AX
- RET
- WRITE_DECIMAL ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure writes more than one copy of a character ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DL Character code ;
- ; CX Number of times to write the character ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_CHAR ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES PROC
- PUSH CX
- N_TIMES:
- CALL WRITE_CHAR
- LOOP N_TIMES
- POP CX
- RET
- WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES ENDP
-
- PUBLIC WRITE_PATTERN
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- ; This procedure writes a line to the screen, based on data in the ;
- ; form ;
- ; ;
- ; DB {character, number of times to write character}, 0 ;
- ; Where {x} means that x can be repeated any number of times ;
- ; ;
- ; On entry: DS:DX Address of the pattern to draw ;
- ; ;
- ; Uses: WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES ;
- ;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
- WRITE_PATTERN PROC
- PUSH AX
- PUSH CX
- PUSH DX
- PUSH SI
- PUSHF ;Save the direction flag
- CLD ;Set direction flag for increment
- MOV SI,DX ;Move offset into SI register for LODSB
- PATTERN_LOOP:
- LODSB ;Get character data into AL
- OR AL,AL ;Is it the end of data (0h)?
- JZ END_PATTERN ;Yes, return
- MOV DL,AL ;No, set up to write character N times
- LODSB ;Get the repeat count into AL
- MOV CL,AL ;And put in CX for WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES
- XOR CH,CH ;Zero upper byte of CX
- CALL WRITE_CHAR_N_TIMES
- JMP PATTERN_LOOP
- END_PATTERN:
- POPF ;Restore direction flag
- POP SI
- POP DX
- POP CX
- POP AX
- RET
- WRITE_PATTERN ENDP
-
- END