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Text File | 1991-04-06 | 32.9 KB | 1,338 lines |
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- The Software Construction Co.
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- Presents ...
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- On This Day
- Version 1.1
- April 1991
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- The Software Construction Co.
- P.O. Box 160
- North Billerica, MA 01862
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- (C) Copyright 1990-1991 The Software Construction Co., All Rights Reserved.
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- 1. Introduction 1
- 2. Command Line 2
- 3. Databases 4
- 4. Database format 7
- 5. Date specifiers 8
- 6. Notes about calendars 11
- 7. User Supported Software 13
- 8. Bug Reports 15
- 9. Known Problems/Limitations 16
- Appendices 17
- A. Bibliography 17
- B. Program History 18
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 1. Introduction
-
- Have you ever been curious about events that happened on this
- day in history? On This Day is a collection of databases and
- a printing interface which will generate a list of items of
- note concerning today. The databases sent to registered
- users contain more than 11,000 entries (see section 7 for
- more information about registration).
-
- Some of the types of information which may be displayed are:
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- - Astronomical events.
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- - Birthdays of famous people.
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- - Historical events.
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- - National observations.
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- - Religious holidays and events.
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- In addition, a personal database may be created to contain
- events important to each specific user. Events such as
- birthdays of relatives and friends may be appropriate for
- this file.
-
- To clarify, the question this software is intending to answer
- is:
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- What historical events, religious holidays, etc. happened on
- a particular date?
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- It is not intended to answer questions like:
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- What date is Easter next year?
- When was John Wayne born?
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 2. Command Line
-
- To run On This Day, use the following command line (note that
- []s enclose optional arguments):
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- OTD [-b] [-e] [-p] [-r] [-d <date>]
- [-m <day-number>|all]
-
- where:
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- b prints famous birthdays
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- d allows you to specify a date other
- than today's date. Date may be ANY
- form specified in section 5, below.
- Some may not make sense in actual use
- (e.g. R(*) would only print stuff on
- Thursdays.) Note also that only items
- that occurred before the date
- specified will be printed.
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- e prints today's events
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- p prints today's personal events
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- r prints today's religious events
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- m indicates when to print monthly events
- (<day-number> indicates the day each
- month. all indicates to print every
- day.) (default: 1) For example, the
- command: 'otd -m 3' will print
- today's events and if today is the
- third day of the month, it will also
- print any existing monthly events. For
- more information on monthly events,
- see section 5.
-
- Again, we must emphasize that it is NOT necessary to input
- ANY arguments to the OTD command. Simply typing "OTD"
- (without the quotes, of course) will get you all the output
- in the format that we believe most users want. If you want
- to alter the output in any way, use the options as described
- above.
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- Running OTD with none of the b, e, p, or r options is the
- same as running with all the options. If any of these
- options are specified, only those categories will be
- displayed.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- DOS hints:
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- Q: How can I print the output of OTD?
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- A: Append '> PRN:' to your command line (e.g. OTD > PRN:
- will send today's information to the printer).
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- Q: It all goes by so quickly ... How do I get it to slow
- down so I can read it all?
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- A: Append '| MORE' to your command line (e.g. OTD | MORE
- will run OTD, displaying the results one screen at a
- time). For more information on the MORE filter, see
- your DOS manual.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 3. Databases
-
- On This Day reads it's data from a subset of the following
- databases:
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- BIRTHDAY.JAN EVENTS.JAN
- BIRTHDAY.FEB EVENTS.FEB
- BIRTHDAY.MAR EVENTS.MAR
- BIRTHDAY.APR EVENTS.APR
- BIRTHDAY.MAY EVENTS.MAY
- BIRTHDAY.JUN EVENTS.JUN
- BIRTHDAY.JUL EVENTS.JUL
- BIRTHDAY.AUG EVENTS.AUG
- BIRTHDAY.SEP EVENTS.SEP
- BIRTHDAY.OCT EVENTS.OCT
- BIRTHDAY.NOV EVENTS.NOV
- BIRTHDAY.DEC EVENTS.DEC
- RELIGION EVENTS.OTH
- PERSONAL
-
- Files in the current directory by these names will be used
- first. If they do not exist there, the environment variable
- OTDDIR will be searched. It has the same syntax as the PATH
- environment variable. That is, you could place all the
- BIRTHDAY databases in one subdirectory and all EVENTS
- databases in another specifying all these subdirectories in
- the OTDDIR environment variable. For example:
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- SET OTDDIR=C:\OTD\BDAY;C:\OTD\EVT
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- Or, you might want to place some of the databases on a disk
- in each of two floppy drives on a floppy-only system. In
- this case, you might want to use the following setting to
- enable OTD to search both places for data:
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- SET OTDDIR=A:\;B:\
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- Typically, however, this facility will be used so that the
- OTD command may be invoked from anywhere on your disk and it
- will find the appropriate data files in one directory. For
- example:
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- SET OTDDIR=C:\OTD
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- If the -d option has not been specified, the current date
- from the system clock is used it to determine the extension
- to use in the BIRTHDAY and EVENTS files.
-
- If you set the TZ environment variable, OTD will use that
- value when printing times for astronomical events. The
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- syntax of the TZ environment variable is:
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- SET TZ=zzz[+/-]d[d][lll]
-
- zzz is a three character field representing the name of the
- current time zone (e.g. EST, PST).
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- [+/-]d[d] is an optionally signed number of one or more
- digits. It is the local time zone's difference from GMT in
- hours. Negative numbers adjust westward from GMT. (e.g.
- 5=EST, +8=PST, and -1=continental Europe).
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- lll is an optional three-character field that represents the
- local time zone daylight savings time (e.g. EDT, PDT). Don't
- include this field if your time zone does not have daylight
- savings time.
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- If the TZ environment variable isn't present or is not of the
- above form, a default value of EST5EDT will be used.
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- If birthday information was requested, BIRTHDAY.<mon> will be
- read. If events were requested, EVENTS.<mon> and EVENTS.OTH
- will be read. EVENTS.OTH is used for those events which
- might be in different months in different years. If
- religious events were requested, RELIGION will be read. If
- personal events were requested, PERSONAL will be read.
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- The entries will be printed as they are encountered in each
- database. If you want entries printed in a specific order,
- they must be in that order in the database.
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- OTD is distributed with all the above databases with the
- exception of PERSONAL. Note, however, that much larger and
- more extensive databases will be sent to you should you
- register your copy (see section 7 for more information about
- this and other advantages of registration).
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- Some of the databases distributed with the program are
- compressed. This helps save disk space upon installation.
- OTD determines dynamically whether a database is compressed
- or not and reads it appropriately. Upon registration, you
- will also receive the compression and decompression programs
- so that you may maintain the databases that we distribute.
-
- You may, of course, replace any of our compressed databases
- with your own in order to try out some of the features of the
- event specification language. Or, you may try out
- interesting features in your PERSONAL database without
- touching any of our databases. The program itself is not
- crippled in any way. You have the ability to test all
- functionality it is capable of performing.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- Note that the information contained in the databases
- distributed with the program has been taken from a great many
- sources since sometime in 1985 or so. We do not guarantee
- their accuracy. You may also find duplicate entries which
- are not indicated in the database. We would appreciate
- hearing about these as we do try to weed out the duplicates
- when and if we can find another source to collaborate one of
- the dates.
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- We are always interested in new dates. If possible, please
- try to give us supporting evidence of a new date. We do not
- want the databases to get any less reliable than they already
- are. In fact we want them to improve in reliability over
- time. We do, however, reserve the right not to add any date
- to the database.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 4. Database format
-
- A line in the database file may be in one of the following
- forms:
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- #:<stuff>
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- This line is ignored by OTD. It is merely
- used to add commentary to the file.
-
- <relative date specifier>:<stuff>
-
- Should today match the relative date
- specifier, print the stuff to the standard
- output device. See section 5 for more
- detailed information about date specifiers.
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- <blanks>:<stuff>
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- This type of line indicates a continuation of
- the line preceding for use when one line won't
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 5. Date specifiers
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- Date specifiers may have one of the following forms:
-
- Absolute Dates -
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- <month-number>
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- If this month (in the specified calendar)
- matches <month-number> and the -m option
- specifies today as the print day, print the
- item.
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- <month-number>/<day>
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- If this month (in the specified calendar)
- matches <month-number> and this day matches
- <day>, print the item.
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- <month-number>/<day>/<year>
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- If this month (in the specified calendar)
- matches <month-number> and this day matches
- <day>, print the item with "In <year>,"
- prepended.
-
- Relative dates -
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- <alternate calendar><absolute date>
-
- This form directs OTD to use the specified
- calendar to evaluate <absolute date>. Valid
- <alternate calendar>s are:
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- G or <none> Gregorian
- H Hebrew
- HF Hebrew Fast Day
- (will be moved to following
- day if it is Saturday)
- I Islamic
- J Julian
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- See section 6 for short descriptions of these
- calendars.
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- <absolute date>+<days>
-
- Add <days> to the date specified in <absolute
- date>. For example, 1/3+37 is the same as
- 2/9.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- <absolute date>-<days>
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- Subtract <days> from the date specified in
- <absolute date>. For example, 1/3-21 is the
- same as 12/13.
-
- <wkday>(<month>/<day>)
-
- This specifies the first <wkday> occurring on
- or before the date specified by <month> and
- <day>. Valid values for <wkday> are:
-
- M Monday
- T Tuesday
- W Wednesday
- R thuRsday
- F Friday
- S Saturday
- U sUnday
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- For example, W(8/14) specifies the second
- Wednesday occurring in the month of August.
-
- <wkday>(*)
-
- This denotes every day that happens to fall on
- the specified <wkday>. Valid values for
- <wkday> are:
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- M Monday
- T Tuesday
- W Wednesday
- R thuRsday
- F Friday
- S Saturday
- U sUnday
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- For example, M(*) specifies every Monday.
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- E
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- This denotes the Christian holiday Easter.
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- E+<days>
-
- This denotes a date <days> days following the
- Christian holiday Easter. This format is
- necessary to specify all the Christian
- holidays as many are based upon Easter's date.
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- E-<days>
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- This denotes a date <days> days before the
- Christian holiday Easter. This format is
- necessary to specify all the Christian
- holidays as many are based upon Easter's date.
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- This denotes every day.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
-
- 6. Notes about calendars
-
- Gregorian calendar
-
- This calendar is the one in use currently by much of
- the world (including the United States). It was
- designed by a commission assembled by Pope Gregory
- XIII in the sixteenth century. It is based on the
- revolution of the earth about the sun.
-
- The months and corresponding numbers that are legal
- for this calendar are:
- January 1
- February 2
- March 3
- April 4
- May 5
- June 6
- July 7
- August 8
- September 9
- October 10
- November 11
- December 12
-
- Hebrew calendar
-
- This calendar was placed in operation in the mid-
- fourth century by Hillel II. It is based on the
- moon's revolution about the earth. However, it has
- solar corrections built in.
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- The months and corresponding numbers that are legal
- for this calendar are:
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- Nisan 1
- Iyyar 2
- Sivan 3
- Tammuz 4
- Av 5
- Elul 6
- Tishri 7
- Heshvan 8
- Kislev 9
- Teveth 10
- Shevat 11
- Adar 12
- Adar II 13 {Note Adar is Adar I in years when
- there is an Adar II}
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- Certain holidays (fast days) must be moved to the
- following day (Sunday) if they fall on a Saturday.
- The HF calendar specifier allows you to indicate a
- Hebrew date is one of these "special" holidays.
-
- Note that one holiday (Ta'anit Esther) occurs on the
- preceding Thursday when Purim is on a Sunday. There
- is no way, currently, to specify this relationship.
-
- Islamic calendar
-
- This calendar is based upon the moon revolving around
- the earth. There are no dates in this calendar before
- Friday, July 16, 622 (Julian)
-
- Much of the Islamic world does not agree with
- calculations to determine this calendar at all. They
- only rely on proclamation of the new moon by the
- authorities at al-Azhar in Cairo to define the
- calendar. Consequently, the dates computed here may
- differ by a day or two from those observed by much of
- the Islamic population of the world.
-
- The months and corresponding numbers that are legal
- for this calendar are:
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- Muharram 1
- Safar 2
- Rabi I 3
- Rabi II 4
- Jumada I 5
- Jumada II 6
- Rajab 7
- Sha'ban 8
- Ramadan 9
- Shawwal 10
- Dhu al-Qada 11
- Dhu al-Hijjah 12
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- Julian calendar
-
- This calendar was instituted in 45 BC by Julius
- Caesar. It, too, is based on the revolution of the
- earth about the sun.
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- The months for the Julian calendar are the same as
- those used for the Gregorian calendar. See above for
- more information on the proper month numbers to use
- when constructing dates.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
-
- 7. User Supported Software
-
- This software is distributed through a unique marketing
- approach called Shareware. What this means is that we
- encourage you to copy this software distribution and share it
- with your friends. We must make the stipulation, however
- that you not modify the distribution in any way when you do
- share it.
-
- If you have received this software through one of the so
- called "Shareware Houses" (companies whose business is
- selling disks containing other author's software), please
- note that none of the money you have paid so far has (or
- will) make its way to the author. You have simply paid for
- the duplication and distribution costs.
-
- This method of distribution is based on the following
- principles:
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- 1. Users need to try out software to determine
- its usefulness.
-
- 2. Authors of software can get support directly
- from their users.
-
- 3. Software sharing and copying can/should be
- encouraged.
-
- If you use this software, we ask that you register your copy.
- For your $25 registration fee, you'll receive the benefits
- listed below. You may use the registration form on the last
- page of this manual to forward the necessary information to
- us.
-
- Registration benefits include:
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- - Notification of any updates.
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- - The latest version of the software.
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- - A much more extensive collection of data.
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- - The compression and decompression programs.
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- - Several other utilities which make the
- maintenance of the databases much easier.
-
- Although we encourage copying and sharing of On This Day to
- distribute our product, we must insist that you NOT share the
- utilities, compression/decompression programs, and larger
- databases you will receive upon registration. We retain full
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- copyrights to these files. It is an infringement of
- copyright law to distribute copies of these files.
-
- Please send your registration fee to:
-
- The Software Construction Co.
- P.O. Box 160
- North Billerica, MA 01862
-
- If you do not use this software, we'd also like to know why.
- It is obvious you're somewhat interested or you wouldn't have
- gotten this far into the manual. We'd like to know how we
- can make this product better. Please write to us at the same
- address and let us know what we could have done to make them
- useful to you.
-
- For $5 to cover the cost of the diskette(s) and shipping, we
- will supply you with the latest edition of the software.
- Please specify if you'd like 5.25" or 3.5" diskettes.
-
- We would sincerely like to thank you for giving this, the
- fruits of our labor, a trial. We hope it proves useful to
- you.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- 8. Bug Reports
-
- Should you discover a bug in this code, please let us know at
- the same address listed in section 7. We regret that we
- can't provide phone support at this time (maybe in the
- future). Provide us with as much of a description of the
- problem as you can, as well as your name and address. If you
- would prefer being contacted by phone, by all means, add your
- phone number and the hours you will be available at that
- number.
-
- What do you get for your trouble? We will send a copy of the
- fixed program to the first registered user to report the
- problem and will strive to answer all others with a letter.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
-
- 9. Known Problems/Limitations
-
- a. The Jewish holiday Ta'anit Esther occurs on the
- preceding Thursday when Purim falls on Sunday. There
- is no way, currently, to indicate this relationship.
- We are not sure that this functionality will ever be
- included as this relationship is extraordinarily rare.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
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- A. Bibliography
-
- Special thanks to John Peyton, a friend who helped get me
- thinking along the right path several times.
-
- Following is a list (no doubt partial) of items I found
- helpful when learning how to calculate the various calendars,
- astronomical events, etc. that are contained in the software:
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- Astronomical Formulae for Calculators by Jean Meeus, 1982,
- Willmann-Bell, Inc.
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- Calendrical Calculations by Edward M. Reingold and Nachum
- Dershowitz, 1989, University of Illinois at Urbana-
- Champaign.
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- Practical Astronomy With Your Calculator by Peter Duffett-
- Smith, 3rd edition 1988, Cambridge University Press.
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- On This Day Version 1.1
-
- B. Program History
-
- Version 1.0 - April 1990.
-
- Version 1.1 - April 1991.
-
- - Phases of the moon added.
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- - Lunar eclipses added.
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- - Compression for databases.
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- - Serial numbers to track distribution better.
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- - TZ environment variable controls times for
- astronomical events.
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- - A few minor bug fixes.
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- - A -
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- absolute dates <see dates, absolute>
- address 14, 15
- alternate date specification 2
- astronomical events <see events, astronomical>
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- - B -
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- birthdays 1, 2, 5
- bugs 15
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- - C -
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- calendar, Gregorian 8, 11
- calendar, Hebrew 8, 11
- calendar, Islamic 8, 12
- calendar, Julian 8, 12
- calendars 11
- command line 2
- command line options 2
- comments 7
- compression 5
- continuation lines 7
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- - D -
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- database format 7
- databases 4
- date specifiers 8
- dates, absolute 8
- dates, relative 8
- decompression 5
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- - E -
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- Easter 9
- events 2, 5
- events, astronomical 1
- events, historical 1
- events, monthly 2
- events, personal 2, 5
- events, religious 1, 2, 5
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- - G -
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- Gregorian calendar <see calendar, Gregorian>
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- - H -
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- Hebrew calendar <see calendar, Hebrew>
- Hillel II 11
- historical events <see events, historical>
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- - I -
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- introduction 1
- Islamic calendar <see calendar, Islamic>
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- - J -
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- Julian calendar <see calendar, Julian>
- Julius Caesar 12
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- - L -
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- limitations 16
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- - M -
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- monthly events <see events, monthly>
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- - N -
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- national observances 1
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- - O -
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- options, command line <see command line options>
- OTDDIR environment variable 4
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- - P -
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- PATH environment variable 4
- personal events <see events, personal>
- Pope Gregory XIII 11
- problems 15
- problems, known 16
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- - R -
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- registration information 5
- relative dates <see dates, relative>
- religious events <see events, religious>
- religious holidays <see events, religious>
- reporting bugs 15
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- - S -
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- shareware 13
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- time zone <see TZ environment variable>
- TZ environment variable 4
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- user supported software <see shareware>
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- - Misc -
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- -m option 8
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- The Software Construction Co.
- P.O. Box 160
- North Billerica, MA 01862
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- Name: ________________________________________________________
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- Address: ________________________________________________________
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- ________________________________________________________
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- ________________________________________________________
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- Phone: ________________________________________________________
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- Where did you get your copy of On This Day (version 1.1)?
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- The Software Construction Co. _____ BBS _____
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- Friend _____ Shareware Dealer _____
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- If you checked BBS or Shareware Dealer above please tell us which
- one:
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- _________________________________________________________________
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- What format media would you like? 5.25" _____ 3.5" _____
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- Comments or suggestions: ________________________________________
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- _________________________________________________________________
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- _________________________________________________________________
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- _________________________________________________________________
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- _________________________________________________________________
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