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Text File  |  1991-01-26  |  11.6 KB  |  263 lines
  1.                     Complete MIDI 1.0 Specification:
  2.  
  3.  
  4.  
  5.  
  6. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  7. D7----D0     D7----D0
  8. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  9. Channel Voice Messages
  10. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  11.  
  12.  
  13. 1000cccc     0nnnnnnn               Note Off event.
  14.              0vvvvvvv               This message is sent when a
  15.                                     note is released (ended).
  16.                                     (nnnnnnn) is the note number.
  17.                                     (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
  18.  
  19. 1001cccc     0nnnnnnn               Note On event.
  20.              0vvvvvvv               This message is sent when a
  21.                                     note is depressed (start).
  22.                                     (nnnnnnn) is the note number.
  23.                                     (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
  24.  
  25. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  26. D7----D0     D7----D0
  27. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  28. Channel Voice Messages
  29. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  30.  
  31.  
  32. 1010cccc     0nnnnnnn               Polyphonic Key Pressure (After-touch).
  33.              0vvvvvvv               This message is sent when the
  34.                                     pressure (velocity) of a previously
  35.                                     triggered note changes.
  36.                                     (nnnnnnn) is the note number.
  37.                                     (vvvvvvv) is the new velocity.
  38.  
  39. 1011cccc     0ccccccc               Control Change.
  40.              0vvvvvvv               This message is sent when a controller
  41.                                     value changes.  Controllers include devices
  42.                                     such as pedals and levers.
  43.                                     Certain controller numbers are reserved
  44.                                     for specific purposes.  See Channel Mode
  45.                                     Messages.
  46.                                     (ccccccc) is the controller number.
  47.                                     (vvvvvvv) is the new value.
  48.  
  49. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  50. D7----D0     D7----D0
  51. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  52. Channel Voice Messages
  53. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  54. 1100cccc     0ppppppp               Program Change.
  55.                                     This message is sent when the patch number
  56.                                     changes.
  57.                                     (ppppppp) is the new program number.
  58.  
  59. 1101nnnn     0ccccccc               Channel Pressure (After-touch).
  60.                                     This message is sent when the channel
  61.                                     pressure changes.  Some velocity-sensing
  62.                                     keyboards not supporting polyphonic
  63.                                     after-touch use this message to send
  64.                                     the single greatest velocity (of all
  65.                                     depressed keys).
  66.                                     (ccccccc) is the channel number.
  67.  
  68.  
  69.  
  70.  
  71.  
  72.  
  73. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  74. D7----D0     D7----D0
  75. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  76. Channel Voice Messages
  77. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  78. 1110nnnn     0lllllll               Pitch Wheel Change.
  79.              0mmmmmmm               This message is sent to indicate a change
  80.                                     in the pitch wheel.  The pitch wheel is
  81.                                     measured by a fourteen bit value.  Center
  82.                                     (no pitch change) is 2000H.  Sensitivity
  83.                                     is a function of the transmitter.
  84.                                     (llllll) are the least significant 7 bits.
  85.                                     (mmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
  86.  
  87.  
  88.  
  89.  
  90.  
  91.  
  92.  
  93.  
  94.  
  95.  
  96.  
  97. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  98. D7----D0     D7----D0
  99. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  100. Channel Mode Messages  (See also Control Change, above)
  101. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  102. 1011nnnn     0ccccccc               Channel Mode Messages.
  103.              0vvvvvvv               This the same code as the Control
  104.                                     Change (above), but implements Mode
  105.                                     control by using reserved controller
  106.                                     numbers.  The numbers are:
  107.  
  108.                                     Local Control.
  109.                                     When Local Control is Off, all devices
  110.                                     on a given channel will respond only to
  111.                                     data received over MIDI.  Played data, etc.
  112.                                     will be ignored.  Local Control On
  113.                                     restores the functions of the normal
  114.                                     controllers.
  115.                                      c = 122, v =   0: Local Control Off
  116.                                      c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
  117.  
  118.  
  119.  
  120.  
  121. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  122. D7----D0     D7----D0
  123. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  124. Channel Mode Messages  (See also Control Change, above)
  125. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  126.                                     All Notes Off.
  127.                                     When an All Notes Off is received,
  128.                                     all oscillators will turn off.
  129.                                      c = 123, v =   0: All Notes Off
  130.  
  131.                                     (See text for description of actual
  132.                                      mode commands.)
  133.                                      c = 124, v =   0: Omni Mode Off
  134.                                      c = 125, v =   0: Omni Mode On
  135.                                      c = 126, v =   M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off)
  136.                                         where M is the number of channels
  137.                                         (Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On)
  138.                                      c = 127, v =   0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off)
  139.                                      (Note: These four messages also cause
  140.                                             All Notes Off)
  141.  
  142.  
  143.  
  144.  
  145. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  146. D7----D0     D7----D0
  147. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  148. System Common Messages
  149. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  150. 11110000     0iiiiiii               System Exclusive.
  151.              0ddddddd               This message makes up for all that MIDI
  152.                 ..                  doesn't support.  (iiiiiii) is a seven
  153.                 ..                  bit Manufacturer's I.D. code.  If the
  154.              0ddddddd               synthesizer recognizes the I.D. code as
  155.              11110111               its own, it will listen to the rest of
  156.                                     the message (ddddddd).  Otherwise, the
  157.                                     message will be ignored.  System Exclusive
  158.                                     is used to send bulk dumps such as patch
  159.                                     parameters and other non-spec data.
  160.                                     (Note: Real-Time messages ONLY may be
  161.                                      interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
  162.  
  163.  
  164.  
  165.  
  166.  
  167.  
  168.  
  169. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  170. D7----D0     D7----D0
  171. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  172. System Common Messages
  173. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  174. 11110001                            Undefined.
  175.  
  176. 11110010     0lllllll               Song Position Pointer.
  177.              0mmmmmmm               This is an internal 14 bit register that
  178.                                     holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat=
  179.                                     six MIDI clocks) since the start of
  180.                                     the song.  l is the LSB, m the MSB.
  181.  
  182. 11110011     0sssssss               Song Select.
  183.                                     The Song Select specifies which sequence 
  184.                                     or song is to be played.
  185.  
  186. 11110100                            Undefined.
  187.  
  188. 11110101                            Undefined.
  189.  
  190. 11110110                            Tune Request.
  191.                                     Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog
  192.                                     sythesizers should tune their oscillators.
  193. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  194. D7----D0     D7----D0
  195. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  196. System Common Messages
  197. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  198. 11110111                            End of Exclusive.
  199.                                     Used to terminate a System Exclusive
  200.                                     dump (see above).
  201.  
  202.  
  203.  
  204.  
  205.  
  206.  
  207.  
  208.  
  209.  
  210.  
  211.  
  212.  
  213.  
  214.  
  215.  
  216.  
  217. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  218. D7----D0     D7----D0
  219. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  220. System Real-Time Messages
  221. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  222. 11111000                            Timing Clock.
  223.                                     Sent 24 times per quarter note when
  224.                                     synchronization is required (see text).
  225.  
  226. 11111001                            Undefined.
  227.  
  228. 11111010                            Start.
  229.                                     Start the current sequence playing.
  230.                                     (This message will be followed with
  231.                                      Timing Clocks).
  232.  
  233. 11111011                            Continue.
  234.                                     Continue at the point the sequence was
  235.                                     Stopped.
  236.  
  237. 11111100                            Stop.
  238.                                     Stop the current sequence.
  239.  
  240. 11111101                            Undefined.
  241. Status       Data Byte(s)           Description
  242. D7----D0     D7----D0
  243. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  244. System Real-Time Messages
  245. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  246. 11111110                            Active Sensing.
  247.  
  248.                                     Use of this message is optional.  When
  249.                                     initially sent, the receiver will expect
  250.                                     to receive another Active Sensing message
  251.                                     each 300ms (max), or it will be assume
  252.                                     that the connection has been terminated.
  253.                                     At termination, the receiver will turn off
  254.                                     all voices and return to normal (non-
  255.                                     active sensing) operation.
  256.  
  257. 11111111                            Reset.
  258.                                     Reset all receivers in the system to
  259.                                     power-up status.  This should be used
  260.                                     sparingly, preferably under manual
  261.                                     control.  In particular, it should not
  262.                                     be sent on power-up.
  263.