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- NAME
- dots
-
- SYNOPSIS
- dots [file1 file2...] [options]
-
- DESCRIPTION
- Dots accepts a file of triples of numbers, the X, Y, and Z
- coordinates of points, and displays a perspective projection of
- them as points or connected by lines. The user can then alter his
- viewpoint with the cursor keys, and the display is redrawn.
-
- More than one input file can be specified. All the data will
- be read before scaling parameters are calculated. The plot
- will be "broken" at the end of each file. That is, there will
- be no line connecting the last point of the first file with the
- first point of the second file.
-
- The default volume displayed ranges from the minimum to the maximum
- coordinate value present along each axis among the data points.
- The default viewing transformation is a perspective projection.
-
- When executed with the single argument ? or when an error is made in
- the arguments, a usage example is printed.
-
- Key commands available:
-
- Cursor keys move observer higher, lower, around to left, or around to right.
- + enlarge cursor key steps by a factor of 4
- - shrink cursor key steps by a factor of 4
- pg up move viewpoint closer
- pg dn move viewpoint further away
- home enlarge display (factor 1.414)
- end shrink display (factor .707)
- q exit program
- ? print this help menu
-
- Using the photographic analogy, <home> and <end> correspond to
- changing the focal length of the lens, while <pg up> and <pg dn>
- correspond to moving the photographer. The camera always points
- toward the "view reference point", which is the center of the box
- enclosing the data.
-
- With parallel perspective, the distance from the viewpoint to the
- displayed data would make no difference in the display, so the <pg
- up> and <pg dn> keys instead have the same effect as the <home> and
- <end>, respectively.
-
- VERSIONS
- DOTS is available in several versions. When necessary for
- configuration control, these versions are given different file
- names (see FILES section below). It is suggested that the
- "normal" version for a given computer be renamed DOTS for
- simplicity. Any version of DOTS can be executed with a
- question mark as the only parameter:
-
- DOTS ?
-
- It will then print a help screen which includes the hardware it
- supports, and exit immediately. In addition, DOTS tests that the
- hardware it needs is present before using it (except for the hard
- copy versions).
-
- For the display version of DOTS, you will need a device driver in the
- form of a .BGI (for Borland Graphics Interface) appropriate for
- your hardware. If you have one of the following standard graphics
- cards, you can use one of those supplied by Borland:
-
- CGA
- MCGA
- EGA
- ATT400
- VGA
- PC3270
- IBM8514
- Hercules mono
-
- If so, you need only put the .BGI file where DOTS can find it. DOTS
- will look in the directories listed in the environment variable
- BGIPATH if it is set, otherwise it will look in the directories
- indicated by PATH. For example:
-
- C>set bgipath=C:\MY\BGIFILES;C:\TC\BGI
- C>dots mydata
-
- If you put both DOTS.EXE and the required .BGI file into one of the
- directories in your PATH, you will not need to add anything to
- your environment.
-
- If you want to select a particular graphics mode, you may set the
- environment variable GRAPHMODE to one of the numeric constants of
- "graphics_modes" enumeration type as defined by Borland. The
- constants are as follows:
-
- mode value
- ------------------ -----
- CGA 320*200 C0 0
- CGA 320*200 C1 1
- CGA 320*200 C2 2
- CGA 320*200 C3 3
- CGA 640*200 4
-
- MCGA 320*200 C0 0
- MCGA 320*200 C1 1
- MCGA 320*200 C2 2
- MCGA 320*200 C3 3
- MCGA 640*200 4
- MCGA 640*480 5
-
- EGA 640*200 0
- EGA 640*350 1
- EGAMONO 640*350 3
-
- HERC 720*348 0
-
- ATT400 320*200 C0 0
- ATT400 320*200 C1 1
- ATT400 320*200 C2 2
- ATT400 320*200 C3 3
- ATT400 640*200 4
- ATT400 640*400 5
-
- VGA 640*200 0
- VGA 640*350 1
- VGA 640*480 2
-
- PC3270 720*350 0
-
- IBM8514 640*480 0
- 1024*768 0
-
- ...where C0, C1, C2, and C3 refer to the four palettes on the CGA
- and compatible systems.
-
- If you have nonstandard video hardware, you will have to obtain or
- write a .BGI file. In that case, set the environment variable
- BGIDRIVER to the name of the file. For example, if your driver
- is named SGA.BGI, you would set the environment variable as
- follows:
-
- C>set bgidriver=SGA
-
- No hardware autodetection of nonstandard video cards is supported.
-
- OPTIONS
- &<name> (hard copy versions only) Device driver switches are
- in the configuration file <name>. See "DEVICE DRIVER
- CONFIGURATION FILES" below.
- -a [step [start]] automatic abscissas
- -b break graph after each label
- -f omit frame around plot
- -m n1 n2 n3...
- The numeric arguments are linestyles for successive
- line segments (see switch -b). Each positive argument
- is a number of up to three digits WCS, where
- W is the linewidth (0-9, with 0 giving width 1),
- C is the color (with 0 being brightest), and
- S is linestyle (1-5, 1 for solid, 2 for dashed,
- 3 for dotted, etc.)
- If an argument is zero, the data points are plotted as
- dots not connected by lines. Similarly, a negative
- argument -CS generates a marker:
- C is the color
- S is the marker style (dot, box, cross, etc.)
-
- -o ox oy oz
- specify initial observer location (especially useful
- for hard copy output devices)
- -p use parallel rather than perspective projection (faster,
- but one less depth cue)
- -s (with no argument) scale data to fill a cube
- -s num (with one argument) enlarge the display by a factor num.
- The -s switch may be included twice, once with an argument
- and once without, if both effects are wanted.
- -t draw line from each data point to the XY plane
- -x NUM1 NUM2 let x axis extend from NUM1 to NUM2
- -y NUM1 NUM2 let y axis extend from NUM1 to NUM2
- -z NUM1 NUM2 let z axis extend from NUM1 to NUM2
-
- DEVICE DRIVER CONFIGURATION FILES
-
- The hard copy versions (DOTSHI, DOTSHP, DOTSLI, DOTSPS) can also
- accept parameters from an ASCII configuration file. Entries in
- the file are switches, some with arguments, as on a command line.
- The following switches are available:
-
- -p portrait orientation (LI and PS only)
- -l landscape orientation (the default) (LI and PS only)
- -o <xoffset> <yoffset>
- -r <xoffset>
- -d <yoffset>
- offset in inches from top left corner of page
- -s <width> <height>
- -w <width>
- -h <height>
- plot size in inches
- -f <name> name of output file (or port)
- -v <velocity> pen velocity (HP and HI versions only).
- Units are cm/sec for HP and in/sec for HI.
- -n <name> Plotter name (HI version only). Choices
- are "DMP-29" (the default) and "DMP-7". Case is not
- distinct, and "29" and "7" are also accepted.
-
- None of the arguments can be omitted. A semicolon introduces a
- comment that extends to the end of the line.
-
- A switch may start with '+' instead of '-', in which case it will
- establish the default, but the program will still ask for the
- final value.
-
- The PostScript device driver configuration file name will be, in
- decreasing order of priority:
-
- 1. An "&filename" entry on the command line
- 2. GRAPHPS.CFG in the current directory.
-
- The Houstin Instruments version would look for a configuration
- file named GRAPHHI.CFG, etc. If more than one &filename entry
- appears, only the last configuration file referenced is read.
-
- A PostScript output file name will be, in decreasing order of
- priority:
-
- 1. The argument of the -f switch in the device
- driver configuration file,
- 2. The value of the environment variable PLOT_PORT, or
- 3. FOO.PS, where FOO is the root name of the first
- data file.
-
- Output file names for the other versions are generated similarly, but
- with extensions .HI, .HP, or .LI.
-
- REVISION HISTORY
- 8 Oct 90 1.51: Extra new_frame removed, so PostScript
- output works. '+' and '-' also change amount
- of enlargement or shrinking. Hitting any key
- interrupts the current display.
- 4 Aug 90 1.50: Help display is now properly centered.
- Final viewpoint is printed when program finishes.
- pgup and pgdn move observer in and out, home
- and end scale the display. Hard copy versions
- accept configuration files, and no longer require
- the user to type 'Q'.
-
- BUGS
- Axis labels would help. Most of the options for the Unix utility
- GRAPH would help.
-
- AUTHOR
- Copyright (c) 1985-1989 by James R. Van Zandt (jrv@mitre-bedford)
- 27 Spencer Dr., Nashua NH 03062, 603-888-2272. Resale forbidden,
- copying for personal use encouraged. Constructive comments
- welcome.
-
-