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- -*- text -*- Last modified Sun Nov 19 15:21:44 1995
-
- This is an incomplete and probably out-of-date list of all the packages
- distributed on prep.ai.mit.edu and its mirror sites with a brief description
- explaining what each one is.
-
- More information about these programs can typically be found in the GNU
- Bulletin. To receive a copy, write to gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu.
-
- Problems with the contents of this file (or problems pertaining to the
- packaging of these programs, e.g. if a file is corrupted) should be sent to
- gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu. Bug reports for the programs themselves should
- go to the appropriate address indicated in the instructions with that
- program and its source code.
-
- Because the unix `compress' utility is patented (by two separate patents,
- in fact), we cannot use it; it is not free software. Therefore, the GNU
- Project has chosen a new compression utility, `gzip', which is free of any
- known software patents and which tends to compress better anyway. Files
- compressed with this new compression program end in `.gz' (as opposed to
- `compress'-compressed files, which end in `.Z'). Gzip can uncompress
- `compress'-compressed files and SVR4 `pack' files (which end in `.z').
- This is possible because the various decompression algorithms are not
- patented---only compression is.
-
- The gzip program is available from any GNU mirror site in shar, tar, or
- gzipped tar format (for those who already have a prior version of gzip and
- want faster data transmission). It works on virtually every unix system,
- MSDOS, OS/2, and VMS.
-
- Filenames below ending with "/" are directories. Other entries are plain
- files.
-
-
- COPYING-1.0
- Version 1 of the GNU General Public License.
-
-
- COPYING-2.0
- Version 2 of the GNU General Public License.
-
-
- COPYING.LIB-2.0
- Version 2 of the GNU General Public Library License (there is no
- version 1).
-
-
- GNUinfo/
- General files of interest about the GNU Project, most of them included in
- the GNU Emacs distribution.
-
-
- MailingListArchives/
- Archives of the GNU mailing lists (most of which are also gatewayed to
- the various gnu.* newsgroups).
-
-
- MicrosPorts/
- The GNU Project is not directly interested in integrating or
- maintaining ports of GNU software to many micro-computer systems, like
- Amiga's or MSDOS, because of limited resources. However, a few files
- with pointers to people who do maintain GNU software for these other
- systems are available in this directory.
-
- ProgramIndex
- A file with an index of which package each GNU program is in.
-
- The rest of this file is the articles ``Forthcoming GNUs'' and ``GNU
- Software'' from the most recent GNU's Bulletin. They contain
- descriptions of our software. For more infomation on FSF's tapes,
- diskettes and CD-ROMs see the file
- /pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ORDERS
- FTPable from prep.ai.mit.edu or one of its mirror sites.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- GNU Software
- ************
-
- All our software is available via FTP; see *Note How to Get GNU Software::.
- We also offer software on various media and printed documentation:
-
- * *Note CD-ROMs::.
-
- * *Note Tapes::.
-
- * *Note MS-DOS Diskettes::.
-
- * *Note Documentation::, which includes manuals and reference cards.
-
- In these articles describing the contents of each medium, the version number
- listed after each program name was current when we published this Bulletin.
- When you order a distribution tape, diskette, or newer CD-ROM, some of the
- programs may be newer and therefore the version number higher. See the
- *note
- Free Software Foundation Order Form::., for ordering information.
-
- Some of the contents of our tape and FTP distributions are compressed. We
- have software on our tapes and FTP sites to uncompress these files. Due to
- patent troubles with `compress', we use another compression program, `gzip'.
- (Such prohibitions on software development are fought by the League for
- Programming Freedom, *note What Is the LPF::., for details.)
-
- GNU `make' is on several of our tapes because some system vendors supply no
- `make' utility at all and some native `make' programs lack the `VPATH'
- feature essential for using the GNU configure system to its full extent.
- The
- GNU `make' sources have a shell script to build `make' itself on such
- systems.
-
- We welcome all bug reports and enhancements sent to the appropriate
- electronic mailing list (*note Free Software Support::.).
-
-
-
- Configuring GNU Software:
- -------------------------
-
- We are using a uniform scheme for configuring GNU software packages in order
- to compile them. It uses the Autoconf program (see item below, in this
- article). The goal is to have all GNU software support the same
- alternatives for naming machine and system types. When the GNU system is
- complete, it will be possible to configure and build the entire system at
- once, eliminating the need to separately configure each individual
- package. You can also specify both the host and target system to build
- cross-compilation tools. Most GNU programs now use Autoconf-generated
- configure scripts.
-
-
-
- GNU Software currently available:
- ---------------------------------
-
- For future programs and features, see *Note Forthcoming GNUs::.
-
- Key to cross reference:
-
-
- BinCD
- Dec. 1994 Binaries CD-ROM
-
- DjgpD
- Djgpp Diskettes
-
- DosBC
- MS-DOS Book with CD-ROM
-
- EmcsD
- Emacs Diskettes
-
- LangT
- Languages Tape
-
- LiteT
- 4.4BSD-Lite Tape
-
- LspEmcT
- Lisps/Emacs Tape
-
- SchmT
- Scheme Tape
-
- SrcCD
- June 95 Source CD-ROM
-
- UtilD
- Selected Utilities Diskettes
-
- UtilT
- Utilities Tape
-
- VMSCmpT
- VMS Compiler Tape
-
- VMSEmcsT
- VMS Emacs Tape
-
- WdwsD
- Windows Diskette
-
- X11OptT
- X11 Optional Tape
-
- X11ReqT
- X11 Required Tape
-
- [FSFman] shows that we sell a manual for that package. [FSFrc] shows we
- sell a reference card for that package. To order them, see the *note Free
- Software Foundation Order Form::.. *Note Documentation:: for more
- information on the manuals. Source code for each manual or reference card
- is included with each package.
-
- * `acm' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `acm' is a LAN-oriented, multiplayer aerial combat simulation that runs
- under the X Window System. Players engage in air to air combat against
- one another using heat seeking missiles and cannons. We are working on
- more accurate simulation of real airplane flight characteristics.
-
- * Autoconf (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Autoconf produces shell scripts which automatically configure source
- code
- packages. These scripts adapt the packages to many kinds of Unix-like
- systems without manual user intervention. Autoconf creates a script
- for
- a package from a template file which lists the operating system
- features
- which the package can use, in the form of `m4' macro calls. Autoconf
- requires GNU `m4' to operate, but the resulting configure scripts it
- generates do not.
-
- * BASH (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU's shell, BASH (Bourne Again SHell), is compatible with the Unix
- `sh'
- and offers many extensions found in `csh' and `ksh'. BASH has job
- control, `csh'-style command history, command-line editing (with Emacs
- and `vi' modes built-in, and the ability to rebind keys) via the
- `readline' library. BASH conforms to the POSIX 1003.2 shell
- specification.
-
- * `bc' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `bc' is an interactive algebraic language with arbitrary precision
- numbers. GNU `bc' follows the POSIX.2-1992 standard, with several
- extensions including multi-character variable names, an `else'
- statement, and full Boolean expressions. The RPN calculator `dc' is
- now
- distributed as part of the same package, but GNU `bc' is not
- implemented
- as a `dc' preprocessor.
-
- * BFD (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD)
-
- The Binary File Descriptor library allows a program which operates on
- object files (e.g., `ld' or GDB) to support many different formats in a
- clean way. BFD provides a portable interface, so that only BFD needs
- to
- know the details of a particular format. One result is that all
- programs using BFD will support formats such as a.out, COFF, and ELF.
- BFD comes with source for Texinfo documentation (not yet published on
- paper). Presently BFD is not distributed separately; it is included
- with packages that use it.
-
- * Binutils (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Binutils includes these programs: `ar', `c++filt', `demangle', `gas',
- `gprof', `ld', `nlmconv', `nm', `objcopy', `objdump', `ranlib', `size',
- `strings', & `strip'.
-
- Binutils Version 2 uses the BFD library. GNU's linker `ld' emits
- source-line numbered error messages for multiply-defined symbols &
- undefined references, & interprets a superset of AT&T's Linker Command
- Language, which gives control over where segments are placed in memory.
- `nlmconv' converts object files into Novell NetWare Loadable Modules.
- `objdump' can disassemble code for a29k, ALPHA, H8/300, H8/500, HP-PA,
- i386, i960, m68k, m88k, MIPS, SH, SPARC & Z8000 CPUs, & can display
- other
- data (e.g., symbols & relocations) from any file format read by BFD.
-
- * Bison (BinCD,DjgpD,DosBC,LangT,SrcCD,VMSCmpT)[FSFman,FSFrc]
-
- Bison is an upwardly compatible replacement for the parser generator
- `yacc'. Texinfo source for the `Bison Manual' and reference card are
- included. *Note Documentation::. A recent policy change allows
- non-free programs to use Bison-generated parsers. *Note GNUs Flashes::.
-
- * GNU C Library (BinCD, LangT, SrcCD) [FSFman]
-
- The GNU C library supports ANSI C-1989, POSIX 1003.1-1990 and most of
- the
- functions in POSIX 1003.2-1992. It is upwardly compatible with 4.4BSD
- and includes many System V functions, plus GNU extensions.
-
- The C Library performs many functions of the Unix system calls in the
- Hurd. Mike Haertel has written a fast `malloc' which wastes less
- memory
- than the old GNU version. The GNU regular-expression functions
- (`regex'
- and `rx') now nearly conform to the POSIX 1003.2 standard.
-
- GNU `stdio' lets you define new kinds of streams, just by writing a few
- C functions. The `fmemopen' function uses this to open a stream on a
- string, which can grow as necessary. You can define your own `printf'
- formats to use a C function you have written. For example, you can
- safely use format strings from user input to implement a `printf'-like
- function for another programming language. Extended `getopt' functions
- are already used to parse options, including long options, in many GNU
- utilities.
-
- The C Library runs on Sun-3 (SunOS 4.1), Sun-4 (SunOS 4.1 or Solaris
- 2),
- HP 9000/300 (4.3BSD), SONY News 800 (NewsOS 3 or 4), MIPS DECstation
- (Ultrix 4), DEC Alpha (OSF/1), i386/i486 (System V, SVR4, BSD, SCO
- 3.2 &
- SCO ODT 2.0), Sequent Symmetry i386 (Dynix 3) & SGI (Irix 4). Texinfo
- source for the `GNU C Library Reference Manual' is included (*note
- Documentation::.); the manual is now being updated.
-
- * GNU C++ Library (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD)
-
- The GNU C++ library (libg++) contains an extensive collection of C++
- `forest' classes, an IOStream library for input/output routines, and
- support tools for use with G++. Supported classes include: Obstacks,
- multiple-precision Integers and Rationals, Complex numbers, arbitrary
- length Strings, BitSets, and BitStrings. Version 2.6.2 includes the
- initial release of the libstdc++ library. This implements library
- facilities defined by the forthcoming ANSI/ISO C++ standard, including
- the Standard Template Library.
-
- * Calc (DosBC, LspEmcT, SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]
-
- Calc (written by Dave Gillespie in Emacs Lisp) is an extensible,
- advanced desk calculator & mathematical tool that runs as part of
- GNU Emacs. You can use Calc just as a simple four-function
- calculator, but it has many more features including: choice of
- algebraic or RPN (stack-based) entry; logarithmic, trigonometric &
- financial functions; arbitrary precision; complex numbers; vectors;
- matrices; dates; times; infinities; sets; algebraic simplification;
- differentiation & integration. It outputs to `gnuplot', & comes
- with source for a reference card & a manual.
- *Note Documentation::.
-
- * `cfengine' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `cfengine' is used for maintaining site-wide configuration of a
- heterogenous Unix network using a simple high level language. Its
- functionality is similar to `rdist', but also allows many more
- operations to be performed automatically.
-
- * GNU Chess (SrcCD, UtilT, WdwsD)
-
- GNU Chess lets the computer play a full game of chess with you. It
- runs
- on most platforms & has dumb terminal, "curses", & X terminal
- interfaces
- (based on the `xboard' program). GNU Chess has many special features
- including the null move heuristic, a hash table with aging, the history
- heuristic (another form of the earlier killer heuristic), caching of
- static evaluations, & a database which lets it play the first several
- moves of the game quickly. Recent improvements include better
- heuristics, faster evaluation, thinking on opponent's time, a perfect
- King and Pawn vs King endgame routine, Swedish & German language
- support, support for more book formats, a rudimentary Bobby Fischer
- clock, & bug fixes. It is primarily supported by Stuart Cracraft,
- Chua
- Kong Sian, & Tim Mann on behalf of the FSF.
-
- * CLISP (LspEmcT, SrcCD)
-
- CLISP is a Common Lisp implementation by Bruno Haible and Michael
- Stoll.
- It mostly supports the Lisp described by `Common LISP: The Language
- (2nd
- edition)' and the ANSI Common Lisp standard. CLISP includes an
- interpreter, a byte-compiler, a large subset of CLOS, a foreign
- language
- interface and, for some machines, a screen editor. The user interface
- language (English, German, French) is chooseable at run time. Major
- packages that run in CLISP include CLX & Garnet. CLISP needs only 2 MB
- of memory & runs on many microcomputers (including MS-DOS systems,
- OS/2,
- Atari ST, Amiga 500-4000, Acorn RISC PC) & Unix-like systems
- (GNU/Linux,
- Sun4, SVR4, SGI, HP-UX, DEC Alpha, NeXTstep & others).
-
- * GNU Common Lisp (LspEmcT, SrcCD)
-
- GNU Common Lisp (GCL) has a compiler and interpreter for Common
- Lisp. It
- used to be known as Kyoto Common Lisp. It is very portable and
- extremely
- efficient on a wide class of applications. It compares favorably in
- performance with commercial Lisps on several large theorem-prover and
- symbolic algebra systems. It supports the CLtL1 specification but is
- moving towards the proposed ANSI definition. GCL compiles to C and
- then uses the native optimizing C compilers (e.g., GCC). A function
- with a fixed number of args and one value turns into a C function of
- the
- same number of args, returning one value, so GCL is maximally efficient
- on such calls. It has a conservative garbage collector which allows
- great freedom for the C compiler to put Lisp values in arbitrary
- registers. It has a source level Lisp debugger for interpreted code,
- with display of source code in an Emacs window. Its profiling tools
- (based on the C profiling tools) count function calls and the time
- spent
- in each function. CLX works with GCL.
-
- There is now a built-in interface with the TK widget system. It runs
- in
- a separate process so that users may monitor progress on Lisp
- computations or interact with running computations via a windowing
- interface.
-
- There is also an Xlib interface via C (xgcl-2). PCL runs with GCL (see
- PCL item later in this article). *Note Forthcoming GNUs::, for plans
- regarding GCL or for recent developments. GCL version 2.0 is released
- under the GNU Library General Public License.
-
- * `cpio' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- `cpio' is an alternative archive program with all the features of SVR4
- `cpio', including support for the final POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard.
- `mt', a program to position magnetic tapes, is included with `cpio'.
-
- * CVS (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- CVS, the Concurrent Version System, manages software revision & release
- control at a multi-developer, multi-directory, multi-group site. It
- works best with RCS versions 4 and above, but will parse older RCS
- formats with the loss of CVS's fancier features. See Berliner, Brian,
- "CVS-II: Parallelizing Software Development," `Proceedings of the
- Winter
- 1990 USENIX Association Conference'. To find out how to get a copy,
- contact `office@usenix.org'.
-
- * DejaGnu (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- DejaGnu is a framework to test programs with a single front end for all
- tests. The framework's flexibility & consistency makes it easy to
- write
- tests. DejaGnu comes with `expect', which runs scripts to conduct
- dialogs with programs.
-
- * Diffutils (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `diff' compares files showing line-by-line changes in several
- flexible formats. It is much faster than traditional Unix versions.
- The
- Diffutils package contains `diff', `diff3', `sdiff', & `cmp'. Recent
- improvements include more consistent handling of character sets and a
- new `diff' option to do all input/output in binary; this is useful on
- some non-Posix hosts. Plans for the Diffutils package include support
- for internationalization (e.g., error messages in Chinese) and for some
- non-Unix PC environments.
-
- * DJGPP (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC)
-
- DJ Delorie has ported GCC/G++ 2.6.0 (see "GCC" in this article) to
- i386s
- running MS-DOS. DJGPP also has a 32-bit i386 DOS extender with
- symbolic
- debugger; development libraries; & ports of Bison, `flex', GAS &
- Binutils. Full source code is provided. It needs at least 5MB of hard
- disk space to install & 512K of RAM to use. It supports SVGA (up to
- 1024x768), XMS & VDISK memory allocation, `himem.sys', VCPI (e.g.,
- QEMM,
- DESQview & 386MAX) & DPMI (e.g., Windows 3.x, OS/2, QEMM & QDPMI). Ask
- `djgpp-request@sun.soe.clarkson.edu' to join a DJGPP users mailing
- list.
-
- * `dld' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `dld' is a dynamic linker written by W. Wilson Ho. Linking your
- program
- with the `dld' library allows you to dynamically load object files into
- the running binary. Currently supported are VAX (Ultrix), Sun 3 (SunOS
- 3.4 & 4.0), SPARC (SunOS 4.0), Sequent Symmetry (Dynix) & Atari ST.
-
- * `doschk' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- This program is intended as a utility to help software developers
- ensure
- that their source file names are distinguishable on System V platforms
- with 14-character filenames and on MS-DOS with 8+3 character filenames.
-
- * `ecc' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `ecc' is a Reed-Solomon error correction checking program, which can
- correct three byte errors in a block of 255 bytes and detect more
- severe
- errors. Contact `paulf@Stanford.EDU' for more information.
-
- * `ed' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Ed is the standard text editor.
-
- * Elib (DosBC, LspEmcT, SrcCD)
-
- Elib is a small library of Emacs Lisp functions, including routines for
- using AVL trees and doubly-linked lists.
-
- * GNU Emacs **Note Forthcoming GNUs:: for future plans.*
-
- In 1975, Richard Stallman developed the first Emacs, an extensible,
- customizable real-time display editor & computing environment. GNU
- Emacs
- is his second implementation. It offers true Lisp--smoothly integrated
- into the editor--for writing extensions & provides an interface to
- the X
- Window System. It also runs on MS-DOS & Windows NT. In addition to
- its
- powerful native command set, Emacs has extensions which emulate the
- editors vi & EDT (DEC's VMS editor). Emacs has many other features
- which
- make it a full computing support environment. Source for the `GNU
- Emacs
- Manual', & a reference card comes with the software. Source for the
- `GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual' & `Programming in Emacs Lisp: An
- Introduction' are distributed in separate packages. *Note
- Documentation::.
-
- * GNU Emacs 18 (LspEmcT, SrcCD, VMSEmcsT) [FSFrc]
-
- Emacs 18.59 is the last release of version 18 from the FSF. We no
- longer
- maintain it. It runs on many Unix systems: Alliant FX/80 & FX/2800,
- Altos 3068, Amdahl (UTS), Apollo, AT&T (3Bs & 7300 PC), DG Aviion, Bull
- DPX/2 (2nn & 3nn) CCI 5/32 & 6/32, Celerity, Convex, Digital
- (DECstation
- 3100 & 5000 (PMAXes), Mips, VAX (BSD, SysV & VMS)), Motorola Delta
- 147 &
- 187, Dual, Elxsi 6400, Encore (DPC, APC & XPC), Gould, HP (9000 series
- 200, 300, 700 & 800, but not 500), HLH Orion (original & 1/05), IBM
- (RS/6000 (AIX), RT/PC (4.2 & AIX) & PS/2 (AIX (386 only))), ISI
- (Optimum
- V, 80386), Intel 860 & 80386 (BSD, Esix, SVR3, SVR4, SCO, ISC, IX, AIX,
- et al.), Iris (2500, 2500 Turbo & 4D), Masscomp, MIPS, National
- Semiconductor 32000, NeXT (Mach), NCR Tower 32 (SVR2 & SVR3), Nixdorf
- Targon 31, Nu (TI & LMI), pfa50, Plexus, Prime EXL, Pyramid (original &
- MIPS), Sequent (Balance & Symmetry), SONY News (m68k & MIPS), Stride
- (system rel. 2), all Suns including 386i (all SunOS & some Solaris
- vers.), Tadpole, Tahoe, Tandem Integrity S2, Tektronix (16000 & 4300),
- Triton 88, Ustation E30 (SS5E), Whitechapel (MG1) & Wicat.
-
- * GNU Emacs 19 (DosBC, EmacsD, LspEmcT, SrcCD) [FSFman(s), FSFrc]
-
- Emacs 19 works with character-only terminals & with the X Window System
- (with or without the X toolkit). New features in Emacs 19 include:
- multiple X windows ("frames" to Emacs), with either a separate X window
- for the minibuffer or a minibuffer attached to each X window; property
- lists associated with regions of text in a buffer; multiple fonts &
- colors defined by those properties; simplified/improved processing of
- function keys, mouse clicks, & mouse movement; X selection processing,
- including clipboard selections; hooks to be run if point or mouse moves
- outside a certain range; menu bars & popup menus defined by keymaps;
- scrollbars; before & after change hooks; source-level debugging of
- Emacs
- Lisp programs; floating point numbers; improved buffer allocation,
- including returning storage to the system when a buffer is killed;
- interfacing with the X resource manager; many updated libraries; &
- support for European character sets, RCS, & the GNU configuration
- scheme.
-
- Recent features include support for Motif widgets & the Athena widgets,
- displaying multiple views of an outline at the same time, version
- control support for CVS & for multiple branches, the ability to open
- frames on more than one X display from a single Emacs job, operation on
- MS-DOS, MS Windows, & Windows NT, commands to edit text properties &
- save them in files, text properties for formatting text, & GNU-standard
- long-named command line options.
-
- Emacs 19.29 is believed to work on: Acorn Risc machine (RISCiX);
- Alliant
- FX/2800 (BSD); Alpha (OSF/1); Apollo (DomainOS); Bull DPX/2 2nn & 3nn
- (SysV.3) & sps7 (SysV.2); Clipper; Convex (BSD); Cubix QBx (SysV); Data
- General Aviion (DGUX); DEC MIPS (Ultrix 4.2 & OSF/1, not VMS); Elxsi
- 6400 (SysV); Gould Power Node & NP1 (4.2 & 4.3BSD); Harris Night Hawk
- 1200 & 3000, 4000 & 5000 (cxux); Honeywell XPS100 (SysV); HP 9000
- series
- 200, 300, 700, 800 (but not 500) (4.3BSD or HP-UX 7, 8, 9); Intel i386,
- i486 & Pentium (GNU/Linux, 386BSD, AIX, BSDI/386, FreeBSD, Esix, ISC,
- MS-DOS (*note MS-DOS Diskettes::. & *Note MS-DOS Book with CD-ROM::),
- NetBSD, SCO3.2v4, SysV, Xenix, WindowsNT); IBM RS6000 (AIX 3.2); IBM
- RT/PC (AIX or BSD); Motorola Delta 147 & 187 (SysV.3, SysV.4 &
- m88kbcs);
- National Semiconductor 32K (Genix); NeXT (BSD or Mach 2 w/ NeXTStep
- 3.0);
- Paragon (OSF/1); Prime EXL (SysV); Pyramid (BSD); Sequent Symmetry
- (BSD,
- ptx); Siemens RM400 & RM600 (SysV); SGI Iris 4D (Irix 4.x & 5.x); Sony
- News/RISC (NewsOS); Stardent i860 (SysV); Sun 3 & 4, SPARC 1, 1+, 2, 10
- & Classic (SunOS 4.0, 4.1, Solaris 2.0-2.3); Tadpole 68k (SysV);
- Tektronix XD88 (SysV.3) & 4300 (BSD); & Titan P2 & P3 (SysV).
-
- Other configurations supported by Emacs 18 should work with few changes
- in Emacs 19; as users tell us more about their experiences with
- different
- systems, we will augment the list. Also see *Note Forthcoming GNUs::.
-
- * `es' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `es' is an extensible shell based on `rc' with first class functions,
- lexical scope, exceptions and rich return values (i.e., functions can
- return values other than just numbers). `es''s extensibility comes
- from
- the ability to modify and extend the shell's built-in services, such as
- path searching and redirection. Like `rc', it is great for both
- interactive use and for scripting, particularly since its quoting rules
- are much less baroque than the C or Bourne shells.
-
- * `f2c' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `f2c' converts Fortran-77 source into C or C++, which can be compiled
- with GCC or G++. Get bug fixes by FTP from site `netlib.att.com' or by
- email from `netlib@research.att.com'. See file `/netlib/f2c/changes.Z'
- for a summary. *Note Forthcoming GNUs::, for info about GNU Fortran.
-
- * Fileutils (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- The fileutils work on files: `chgrp', `chmod', `chown', `cp', `dd',
- `df',
- `dir', `du', `install', `ln', `ls', `mkdir', `mkfifo', `mknod', `mv',
- `mvdir', `rm', `rmdir', `sync', `touch', & `vdir'.
-
- * Findutils (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `find' is frequently used both interactively and in shell scripts to
- find files which match certain criteria and perform arbitrary
- operations
- on them. Also included are `xargs', which apply a command to a list of
- files, and `locate', which scans a database for file names that match a
- pattern.
-
- * Finger (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU Finger has more features than other finger programs. For sites
- with
- many hosts, a single host may be designated as the finger "server" host
- and other hosts at that site configured as finger "clients". The
- server
- host collects information about who is logged in to the clients. To
- finger a user at a GNU Finger site, a query to any of its client hosts
- gets useful information. GNU Finger supports many customization
- features, including user output filters and site programmable output
- for
- special target names.
-
- * `flex' (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD, UtilD) [FSFman, FSFrc]
-
- `flex' is a replacement for the `lex' scanner generator. `flex' was
- written by Vern Paxson of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and
- generates
- far more efficient scanners than `lex' does. Source for the `Flex
- Manual' and reference card are included. *Note Documentation::.
-
- * FlexFAX *See the HylaFAX item elsewhere in this article*
-
- * GNU Fortran (`g77') **Note Forthcoming GNUs::* (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- GNU Fortran (`g77'), developed by Craig Burley, is available for public
- beta testing on the Internet. For now, `g77' produces code that is
- mostly object-compatible with `f2c' & uses the same run-time library
- (`libf2c').
-
- * Fontutils (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- The programs (`bpltobzr', `bzrto', `charspace', `fontconvert',
- `gsrenderfont', `imageto', `imgrotate', `limn', & `xbfe') create fonts
- for use with Ghostscript or TeX (starting with a scanned type image &
- converting the bitmaps to outlines), convert between font formats, et
- al.
-
- * GAWK (DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD) [FSFman]
-
- GAWK is upwardly compatible with the latest POSIX specification of
- `awk'. It also provides several useful extensions not found in other
- `awk' implementations. Texinfo source for the `GAWK Manual' comes with
- the software. *Note Documentation::.
-
- * GCC (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD, VMSCmpT) [FSFman]
-
- Version 2 of the GNU C Compiler supports multiple languages; the source
- file name suffix or a compiler option selects the language. The GNU C
- Compiler distribution includes support for C, C++ and Objective-C.
- Support for Objective-C was donated by NeXT. The runtime support
- needed
- to run Objective-C programs is now distributed with GCC (this does not
- include any Objective-C classes aside from `object'). As much as
- possible, G++ is kept compatible with the evolving draft ANSI standard,
- but not with `cfront' (AT&T's compiler), which has been diverging from
- ANSI.
-
- The GNU C Compiler is a fairly portable optimizing compiler which
- performs automatic register allocation, common sub-expression
- elimination, invariant code motion from loops, induction variable
- optimizations, constant propagation and copy propagation, delayed
- popping of function call arguments, tail recursion elimination,
- integration of inline functions and frame pointer elimination,
- instruction scheduling, loop unrolling, filling of delay slots, leaf
- function optimization, optimized multiplication by constants, a certain
- amount of common subexpression elimination (CSE) between basic blocks
- (though not all of the supported machine descriptions provide for
- scheduling or delay slots), a feature for assigning attributes to
- instructions and many local optimizations that are automatically
- deduced
- from the machine description. Position-independent code is supported
- on
- the 68k, i386, i486, Pentium, Hitachi Slt, Hitachi H8/300, Clipper,
- 88k,
- SPARC & SPARClite.
-
- GCC can open-code most arithmetic on 64-bit values (type `long long
- int'). It supports extended floating point (type `long double') on the
- 68k; other machines will follow.
-
- GCC supports full ANSI C, traditional C, & GNU C extensions (including:
- nested functions support, nonlocal gotos, & taking the address of a
- label).
-
- GCC can generate a.out, COFF, ELF, & OSF-Rose files when used with a
- suitable assembler. It can produce debugging information in these
- formats: BSD stabs, COFF, ECOFF, ECOFF with stabs & DWARF.
-
- GCC generates code for many CPUs, including: a29k, Alpha, ARM, AT&T
- DSP1610, Convex cN, Clipper, Elxsi, Fujitsu Gmicro, H8/300, HP-PA (1.0
- and 1.1) i370, i386, i486, Pentium, i860, i960, m68k, m68020, m68030,
- m68040, m88k, MIL-STD-1750a, MIPS, ns32k, PDP-11, Pyramid, ROMP,
- RS6000,
- SH, SPARC, SPARClite, VAX & we32k.
-
- Operating systems supported include: GNU/Linux, AIX, ACIS, AOS, BSD,
- Clix, Ctix, DG/UX, Dynix, Genix, GNU, HP-UX, ISC, Irix, Luna, LynxOS,
- Mach, Minix, NetBSD, NewsOS, OSF, OSF-Rose, RISCOS, SCO, Solaris 2,
- SunOS 4, SysV, Ultrix, Unos, VMS & Windows/NT.
-
- Using the configuration scheme for GCC, building a cross-compiler is as
- easy as building a native compiler.
-
- We no longer maintain version 1 of GCC, G++, or libg++.
-
- Texinfo source for the `Using and Porting GNU CC' manual, is included
- with GCC. *Note Forthcoming GNUs::, for plans for later releases of
- GCC.
-
- * GDB (BinCD, DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]
-
- GDB, the GNU DeBugger, is a source-level debugger for C, C++, &
- Fortran.
-
- GDB can debug both C and C++ programs, and will work with executables
- produced by many different compilers; however, C++ debugging will have
- some limitations if you do not use GCC.
-
- GDB has a command line user interface; Emacs comes with a GDB mode, and
- `xxgdb' provides an X interface (but it is not distributed or
- maintained
- by the FSF; FTP it from `ftp.x.org' in directory `/contrib/utilities').
-
- Executable files and symbol tables are read via the BFD library, which
- allows a single copy of GDB to debug programs with multiple object file
- formats (e.g., a.out, COFF, ELF). Other features include a rich
- command
- language, remote debugging over serial lines or TCP/IP, and watchpoints
- (breakpoints triggered when the value of an expression changes).
-
- GDB uses a standard remote interface to a simulator library which (so
- far) has simulators for the Zilog Z8001/2, Hitachi H8/300, H8/500, &
- Super-H.
-
- GDB can perform cross-debugging. To say that GDB "targets" a platform
- means it can perform native or cross-debugging for it. To say that GDB
- can "host" a given platform means that it can be built on it, but
- cannot
- necessarily debug native programs. GDB can:
-
- * "target" & "host": Amiga 3000 (Amix), DEC Alpha (OSF/1), DECstation
- 3100 & 5000 (Ultrix), HP 9000/300 (BSD, HP-UX), HP 9000/700 (HP-UX),
- i386 (GNU/Linux, BSD, FreeBSD, LynxOS, NetBSD, SCO), IBM RS/6000
- (AIX, LynxOS), Motorola Delta m88k (System V, CX/UX), PC532
- (NetBSD), Motorola m68k MVME-167 (LynxOS), NCR 3000 (SVR4), SGI
- (Irix V3, V4, V5), SONY News (NewsOS 3.x), SPARC (SunOS 4.1,
- Solaris, NetBSD, LynxOS) Sun-3 (SunOS 4.1), & Ultracomputer (a29k
- running Sym1).
-
- * "target", but not "host": AMD 29000 (COFF & a.out), Hitachi H8/300,
- Hitachi SH, i386 (a.out, COFF, OS/9000) i960 (Nindy, VxWorks),
- m68k/m68332 (a.out, COFF, VxWorks), MIPS (IDT ecoff, ELF), Fujitsu
- SPARClite (a.out, COFF), & Z8000.
-
- * "host", but not "target": IBM RT/PC (AIX), and HP/Apollo 68k (BSD).
-
- GDB can use the symbol tables emitted by the vendor-supplied
- compilers of
- most MIPS-based machines, including DEC. (These tables are in a format
- which almost nobody else uses.) Source for the manual
- `Debugging with GDB' and a reference card are included. *Note
- Documentation::.
-
- * `gdbm' (LangT, SrcCD, UtilD)
-
- `gdbm' is the GNU replacement for the traditional `dbm' and `ndbm'
- libraries. It implements a database using quick lookup by hashing.
- `gdbm' does not ordinarily make sparse files (unlike its Unix and BSD
- counterparts).
-
- * Ghostscript (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- The GNU release of Ghostscript is an interpreter for the Postscript
- graphics language (*note Forthcoming GNUs::., for future plans).
-
- The current version of GNU Ghostscript is 2.6.2. Features include the
- ability to use the fonts provided by the platform on which Ghostscript
- runs (X Window System and Microsoft Windows), resulting in much
- better-looking screen displays; improved text file printing (like
- `enscript'); a utility to extract the text from a Postscript language
- document; a much more reliable (and faster) Microsoft Windows
- implementation; support for Microsoft C/C++ 7.0; drivers for many new
- printers, including the SPARCprinter, and for TIFF/F (fax) file format;
- many more Postscript Level 2 facilities, including most of the color
- space facilities (but not patterns), and the ability to switch between
- Level 1 and Level 2 dynamically. Version 2.6.2 adds a LaserJet 4
- driver
- and several important bug fixes to version 2.6.1.
-
- Ghostscript executes commands in the Postscript language by writing
- directly to a printer, drawing on an X window or writing to a file for
- later printing (or to a bitmap file that you can manipulate with other
- graphics programs).
-
- Ghostscript includes a C-callable graphics library (for client programs
- that do not want to deal with the Postscript language). It also
- supports
- IBM PCs and compatibles with EGA, VGA or SuperVGA graphics (but
- please do
- *not* ask the FSF staff any questions about this; we do not use PCs).
-
- * Ghostview (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Tim Theisen, `ghostview@cs.wisc.edu', created Ghostview, a previewer
- for
- multi-page files with an X user interface. Ghostview & Ghostscript
- work
- together; Ghostview creates a viewing window & Ghostscript draws in it.
-
- * GIT (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GIT is a set of interactive tools. It has an extensible file system
- browser, an ASCII/hex file viewer, a process viewer/killer, and other
- related utilities and shell scripts. It can be used to increase the
- speed and efficiency of many daily tasks, such as copying and moving
- files and directories, invoking editors, compressing and uncompressing
- files, creating and expanding archives, compiling programs, sending
- mail, etc. It looks nice, has colors (if the standard ANSI color
- sequences are supported), and is user-friendly.
-
- * `gmp' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- GNU `mp' is a library for arbitrary precision arithmetic on signed
- integers and rational numbers. It has a rich set of functions with a
- regular interface.
-
- * GNATS (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNATS (GNats: A Tracking System, not to be confused with GNAT, The GNU
- Ada Translator) is a bug-tracking system. It is based upon the
- paradigm
- of a central site or organization which receives problem reports and
- negotiates their resolution by electronic mail. Although it has been
- used primarily as a software bug-tracking system so far, it is
- sufficiently generalized so that it could be used for handling system
- administration issues, project management, or any number of other
- applications.
-
- * `gnuplot' (SrcCD, UtilT, WdwsD)
-
- `gnuplot' is an interactive program for plotting mathematical
- expressions and data. It plots both curves (2 dimensions) & surfaces
- (3
- dimensions). Curiously, it was neither written nor named for the GNU
- Project; the name is a coincidence. Various GNU programs use
- `gnuplot'.
-
- * GnuGo (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GnuGo plays the game of Go (Wei-Chi); it is not yet very sophisticated.
-
- * `gperf' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `gperf' generates perfect hash tables. The C version is in package
- cperf. The C++ version is in libg++. Both produce hash functions in
- either C or C++.
-
- * GNU Graphics (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU Graphics produces x-y plots from ASCII or binary data. It outputs
- in Postscript, Tektronix 4010 compatible, and Unix device-independent
- "plot" formats. It has a previewer for the X Window System. Features
- include a `spline' interpolation program; examples of shell scripts
- using `graph' and `plot'; a statistics toolkit; and output in TekniCAD
- TDA and ln03 file formats. Email bugs or queries to Rich Murphey,
- `Rich@lamprey.utmb.edu'.
-
- * grep (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- This package has GNU `grep', `egrep', and `fgrep' which find lines that
- match inputed patterns. They are much faster than the traditional Unix
- versions.
-
- * Groff (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Groff is a document formatting system based on a device-independent
- troff & includes: `eqn', `nroff', `pic', `refer', `tbl', `troff'; the
- `man', `ms', `mm' macros; & drivers for Postscript, TeX `dvi' format
- and
- typewriter-like devices. Groff's `mm' macro package is almost
- compatible with the DWB `mm' macros with several extensions. Also
- included is a modified version of the Berkeley `me' macros and an
- enhanced version of the X11 `xditview' previewer. Written in C++,
- these
- programs can be compiled with GNU C++ Version 2.5 or later. A driver
- for the LaserJet 4 series of printers is currently in test.
-
- Groff users are encouraged to contribute enhancements. Most needed are
- complete Texinfo documentation, a `grap' emulation (a `pic'
- preprocessor
- for typesetting graphs), a page-makeup postprocessor similar to `pm'
- (see `Computing Systems', Vol. 2, No. 2; ask `office@usenix.org' how to
- get a copy), and an ASCII output class for `pic' so that `pic' can be
- integrated with Texinfo. Questions and bug reports from users who have
- read the documentation provided with groff can be sent to
- `bug-groff@prep.ai.mit.edu'.
-
- * `gzip' (DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, LspEmcT, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `gzip' can expand LZW-compressed files but uses another, unpatented
- algorithm for compression which generally produces better results. It
- also expands files compressed with System V's `pack' program.
-
- * `hello' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- The GNU `hello' program produces a familiar, friendly greeting. It
- allows non-programmers to use a classic computer science tool which
- would
- otherwise be unavailable to them. Because it is protected by the GNU
- General Public License, users are free to share and change it.
-
- Like any truly useful program, `hello' contains a built-in mail reader.
-
- * `hp2xx' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `hp2xx' reads HP-GL files, decomposes all drawing commands into
- elementary vectors, and converts them into a variety of vector and
- raster
- output formats. It is also an HP-GL previewer. Currently supported
- vector formats include encapsulated Postscript, Uniplex RGIP, Metafont,
- and various special TeX-related formats, and simplified HP-GL (line
- drawing only) for imports. Raster formats supported include IMG, PBM,
- PCX & HP-PCL (including Deskjet & DJ5xxC support). Previewers work
- under X11 (Unix), OS/2 (PM & full screen), MS-DOS (SVGA, VGA & HGC).
-
- * HylaFAX (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- HylaFAX (once named FlexFAX) is a facsimile system for Unix systems.
- It
- supports sending, receiving, & polled retrieval of facsimile, as well
- as
- transparent shared data use of the modem. Details are available on
- the
- World Wide Web at: `http://www.vix.com/hylafax/'.
-
- * `indent' (DjgpD, DosBC, LangT, SrcCD, UtilD)
-
- GNU `indent' is a revision of the BSD version. By default, it
- formats C
- source according to the GNU coding standards. The BSD default, K&R,
- and
- other formats are available as options. It is also possible to define
- your own format. GNU `indent' is more robust and provides more
- functionality than other versions, for example, it handles C++
- comments.
-
- * Ispell (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Ispell is an interactive spell checker that suggests "near misses" to
- replace unrecognized words. System & user-maintained dictionaries for
- multiple languages can be used. Standalone & Emacs interfaces are
- available. Previously, the FSF had its own version of ispell ("Ispell
- 4.0"), but has dropped it for a parallel branch that has had more
- development ("Ispell 3.1.18"). (Ispell 3 was an earlier release by the
- original Ispell author, but others have since made it more
- sophisticated.)
-
- * JACAL *Not available from the FSF except by FTP*
-
- JACAL is a symbolic mathematics system for the
- manipulation/simplification of equations, single & multiple-valued
- algebraic expressions made up of numbers, variables, radicals,
- differential operators, & algebraic & holonomic functions. Vectors,
- matrices, & tensors of these objects are supported.
-
- JACAL was written in Scheme by Aubrey Jaffer. It comes with SCM, an
- IEEE
- P1178 & R4RS compliant version of Scheme written in C. SCM runs on
- Amiga, Atari-ST, MS-DOS, OS/2, NOS/VE, Unicos, VMS, Unix & similar
- systems. SLIB is a portable Scheme library used by JACAL. The FSF is
- not distributing JACAL on any media. To get an IBM PC floppy disk with
- the freely redistributable source & executable files, send $99.00 to:
-
- Aubrey Jaffer
- 84 Pleasant Street
- Wakefield, MA 01880-1846
- USA
-
- * `less' (SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- `less' is a display paginator similar to `more' and `pg' but with
- various features (such as the ability to scroll backwards) that most
- pagers lack.
-
- * `m4' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `m4' is an implementation of the traditional Unix macro processor.
- It is mostly SVR4 compatible, although it has some extensions (e.g.,
- handling more than 9 positional parameters to macros). `m4' also has
- built-in functions for including files, running shell commands, doing
- arithmetic, etc.
-
- * `make' (BinCD,DjgpD,DosBC,LangT,LspEmcT,SrcCD,UtilD,UtilT)[FSFman]
-
- GNU `make' supports POSIX 1003.2 and has all but a few obscure features
- of the BSD and System V versions of `make'. GNU extensions include
- long
- options, parallel compilation, flexible implicit pattern rules,
- conditional execution, & powerful text manipulation functions. Texinfo
- source for the `Make Manual' comes with the program. *Note
- Documentation::.
-
- * MandelSpawn (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- A parallel Mandelbrot generation program for the X Window System.
-
- * `mkisofs' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `mkisofs' is a pre-mastering program to generate an ISO 9660 file
- system.
- It takes a snapshot of a directory tree, and makes a binary image which
- corresponds to an ISO 9660 file system when written to a block device.
-
- `mkisofs' can also generate the System Use Sharing Protocol records of
- the Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol (used to further describe the files
- in an ISO 9660 file system to a Unix host, and provides information
- such
- as longer filenames, uid/gid, POSIX permissions, and block and
- character
- devices).
-
- * mtools (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- mtools is a set of public domain programs to allow Unix systems to
- read,
- write, and manipulate files on an MS-DOS file system (usually a
- diskette).
-
- * MULE (DosBC, EmcsD, LspEmcT, SrcCD)
-
- MULE is a MULtilingual Enhancement to GNU Emacs. A text buffer in MULE
- can contain a mix of characters from many languages including:
- Japanese,
- Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Thai, Greek, the ISO Latin-1 through
- Latin-5 character sets, Ukrainian, Arabic, Hebrew, Russian, and other
- Cyrillic alphabets. To input any of these characters, you can use
- various input methods provided by MULE itself. In addition, if you use
- MULE under some terminal emulators (kterm, cxterm, or exterm), you can
- use its input methods. MULE is being merged into GNU Emacs. *Note GNU
- & Other Free Software in Japan::, for more information about MULE.
-
- * `ncurses' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `ncurses' is an implementation of the Unix `curses' library for
- developing screen based programs that are terminal independent.
-
- * NetHack (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- NetHack is a Rogue-like adventure game supporting both ASCII & X
- displays.
-
- * NIH Class Library (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- The NIH Class Library (once known as "OOPS", Object-Oriented Program
- Support) is a portable collection of C++ classes, similar to those in
- Smalltalk-80, written in C++ by Keith Gorlen of the National Institutes
- of Health (NIH).
-
- * `nvi' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `nvi' is a free implementation of the `vi'/`ex' Unix editor. It has
- most of the functionality of the original `vi'/`ex', except "open" mode
- & the `lisp' option, which will be added. Enhancements over `vi'/`ex'
- include split screens with multiple buffers, handling 8-bit data,
- infinite file & line lengths, tag stacks, infinite undo & extended
- regular expressions. It runs under GNU/Linux, BSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
- BSDI, AIX, HP-UX, DGUX, IRIX, PSF, PTX, Solaris, SunOS, Ultrix,
- Unixware
- & should port easily to many other systems.
-
- * GNU Objective-C Library (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Our Objective-C Class Library (`libobjects') has general-purpose,
- non-graphical Objective-C objects written by Andrew McCallum & other
- volunteers. It includes collection classes for using groups of objects
- & C types, I/O streams, coders for formatting objects & C types to
- streams, ports for network packet transmission, distributed objects
- (remote object messaging), string classes, pseudo-random number
- generators & time handling facilities. It will also include the
- foundation classes for the GNUStep project; over 50 of them have
- already
- been implemented. The library is known to work on i386, i486, Pentium,
- m68k, SPARC, MIPS & RS6000. Send queries & bug reports to
- `mccallum@gnu.ai.mit.edu'.
-
- * `OBST' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `OBST' is a persistent object management system with bindings to C++.
- `OBST' supports incremental loading of methods. Its graphical tools
- require the X Window System. It features a hands-on tutorial including
- sample programs. It compiles with G++, and should install easily on
- most Unix platforms.
-
- * Octave (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Octave is a high-level language similar to MATLAB, primarily intended
- for numerical computations. It has a convenient command line interface
- for solving linear & nonlinear problems numerically. Octave does
- arithmetic for real & complex scalars & matrices, solves sets of
- nonlinear algebraic equations, integrates systems of ordinary
- differential & differential-algebraic equations, & integrates functions
- over finite & infinite intervals. Two- & three-dimensional plotting is
- available using `gnuplot'. Send queries & bug reports to:
- `bug-octave@che.utexas.edu'. Texinfo source is included for a 220+
- page Octave manual, not yet published by the FSF.
-
- * Oleo *Also see *Note Forthcoming GNUs::* (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Oleo is a spreadsheet program (better for you than the more expensive
- spreadsheets). It supports the X Window System and character-based
- terminals, and can output Embedded Postscript renditions of
- spreadsheets.
- Keybindings should be familiar to Emacs users and are configurable.
- Under X and in Postscript output, Oleo supports multiple,
- variable-width
- fonts.
-
- * `p2c' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- `p2c' is Dave Gillespie's Pascal-to-C translator. It inputs many
- dialects (HP, ISO, Turbo, VAX, et al.) & produces readable,
- maintainable, portable C.
-
- * `patch' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `patch' is our version of Larry Wall's program to take `diff''s output
- and apply those differences to an original file to generate the
- modified
- version.
-
- * PCL (LspEmcT, SrcCD)
-
- PCL is a free implementation of a large subset of CLOS, the Common Lisp
- Object System. It runs under both GCL and CLISP, mentioned above.
-
- * `perl' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Larry Wall's `perl' combines the features and capabilities of `sed',
- `awk', `sh', and C, as well as interfaces to the Unix system calls and
- many C library routines.
-
- * `pine' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `pine' is a friendly, menu-driven electronic mail manager.
-
- * `ptx' (SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `ptx' is our version of the traditional permuted index
- generator. It
- handles multiple input files at once, produces TeX compatible output, &
- outputs readable "KWIC" (KeyWords In Context) indexes. It does not yet
- handle input files that do not fit in memory all at once.
-
- * `rc' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `rc' is a shell that features a C-like syntax (much more so than `csh')
- and far cleaner quoting rules than the C or Bourne shells. It's
- intended to be used interactively, but is also great for writing
- scripts. It inspired the shell `es'.
-
- * RCS (SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- RCS, the Revision Control System, is used for version control &
- management of software projects. Used with GNU `diff', RCS can handle
- binary files (executables, object files, 8-bit data, etc). Also see
- the
- CVS item above.
-
- * `recode' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `recode' converts files between character sets and usages. When
- exact transliterations are not possible, it may get rid of the
- offending
- characters or fall back on approximations. This program recognizes or
- produces nearly 150 different character sets and is able to
- transliterate files between almost any pair. Most RFC 1345 character
- sets are supported.
-
- * `regex' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- The GNU regular expression library supports POSIX.2, except for
- internationalization features. It is included in many GNU programs
- which
- do regular expression matching & is available separately. An alternate
- regular expression package, `rx', is faster than `regex' in most
- cases &
- will replace `regex' over time.
-
- * rx (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Tom Lord has written `rx', a new regular expression library which is
- faster than the older GNU `regex' library. It is now being distributed
- with `sed' and `tar'. `rx' will be used in the next releases of `m4'
- and `ptx'.
-
- * `saoimage' (UtilT)
-
- SAOimage is an X-based astronomical image viewer. It reads data images
- and displays them with a pseudocolor colormap. There is full
- interactive
- control of the colormap, reading, and writing of colormaps, etc.
-
- * Scheme *For more information, see *Note Scheme Tape::* (SchmT)
-
- * `screen' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `screen' is a terminal multiplexer that runs several separate "screens"
- (ttys) on a single character-based terminal. Each virtual terminal
- emulates a DEC VT100 plus several ISO 6429 (ECMA 48, ANSI X3.64) and
- ISO
- 2022 functions. Arbitrary keyboard input translation is also
- supported.
- `screen' sessions can be detached and resumed later on a different
- terminal type. Output in detached sessions is saved for later viewing.
-
- * `sed' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilD, UtilT)
-
- `sed' is a stream-oriented version of `ed'. It comes with the `rx'
- library.
-
- * Sharutils (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `shar' makes so-called shell archives out of many files, preparing them
- for transmission by electronic mail services, while `unshar' helps
- unpack these shell archives after reception. `uuencode' prepares a
- file
- for transmission over an electronic channel which ignores or otherwise
- mangles the high order bit of bytes, while `uudecode' does the converse
- transformation.
-
- * Shellutils (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- They are: `basename', `date', `dirname', `echo', `env', `expr',
- `false',
- `groups', `hostname', `id', `logname', `nice', `nohup', `pathchk',
- `printenv', `printf', `pwd', `sleep', `stty', `su', `tee', `test',
- `true', `tty', `uname', `users', `who', `whoami', & `yes'.
-
- * GNU Shogi (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- Shogi is a Japanese game similar to Chess; a major difference is that
- captured pieces can be returned into play. GNU Shogi is a variant of
- GNU Chess; it implements the same features & similar heuristics. As a
- new feature, sequences of partial board patterns can be introduced to
- help the program play toward specific opening patterns. It has both
- character and X display interfaces. It is primarily supported by
- Matthias Mutz on behalf of the FSF.
-
- * Smalltalk *Also see *Note Forthcoming GNUs::* (LangT,SrcCD)
-
- GNU Smalltalk is an interpreted object-oriented programming language
- system written in highly portable C. It has been ported to many Unix &
- some other platforms, including DOS (non-Unix ports are not available
- from the FSF). Features include a binary image save capability, the
- ability to invoke user-written C code & pass parameters to it, an Emacs
- editing mode, a version of the X protocol invocable from Smalltalk,
- optional byte-code compilation and/or execution tracing, &
- automatically
- loaded per-user initialization files. It implements all of the classes
- & protocol in the book "Smalltalk-80: The Language", except for the
- graphic user interface (GUI) related classes.
-
- * Superopt (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Superopt is a function sequence generator that uses an exhaustive
- generate-and-test approach to find the shortest instruction sequence
- for
- a given function. You provide a function as input, a CPU to generate
- code for, and how many instructions you want. Its use in GCC is
- described in the `ACM SIGPLAN PLDI'92' proceedings. It supports:
- SPARC,
- m68k, m68020, m88k, IBM RS/6000, AMD 29000, Intel 80x86, Pyramid, DEC
- Alpha & HP-PA.
-
- * `tar' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- GNU `tar' includes multivolume support, the ability to archive sparse
- files, automatic archive compression/decompression, remote archives,
- and
- special features that allow `tar' to be used for incremental and full
- backups. Unfortunately, GNU `tar' implements an early draft of the
- POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard which is different from the final
- standard. Adding support for the new changes in a backward-compatible
- fashion is unfortunately not trivial.
-
- * Termcap Library (SrcCD, UtilT) [FSFman]
-
- The GNU Termcap library is a drop-in replacement for `libtermcap.a' on
- any system. It does not place an arbitrary limit on the size of
- Termcap
- entries, unlike most other Termcap libraries. Included is source for
- the
- `Termcap Manual' in Texinfo format. *Note Documentation::.
-
- * TeX (SrcCD)
-
- TeX is a document formatting system that handles complicated
- typesetting, including mathematics. It is GNU's standard text
- formatter.
-
- The University of Washington maintains & supports a tape distribution
- of
- TeX for Unix systems. The core material is Karl Berry's `web2c' TeX
- package. Sources are available via anonymous ftp; retrieval
- instructions
- are in `pub/tex/unixtex.ftp' on `ftp.cs.umb.edu'. If you receive any
- installation support from the University of Washington, consider
- sending
- them a donation. To order a full distribution written in `tar' on
- either a 1/4inch 4-track QIC-24 cartridge or a 4mm DAT cartridge, send
- $210.00 to:
-
- Pierre A. MacKay
- Department of Classics
- DH-10, Denny Hall 218
- University of Washington
- Seattle, WA 98195
- USA
-
- Electronic-Mail: `mackay@cs.washington.edu'
- Telephone: +1-206-543-2268
-
- Please make checks payable to: `University of Washington'. Do not
- specify any other payee. That causes accounting problems. Checks must
- be in U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank. Only prepaid orders can be
- handled. Overseas sites: please add to the base cost $20.00 to ship
- via
- air parcel post or $30.00 to ship via courier. Please check with the
- above for current prices & formats.
-
- * Texinfo (DjgpD,DosBC,LangT,LspEmcT,SrcCD,UtilD,UtilT)[FSFman]
-
- Texinfo is a set of utilities (`makeinfo', `info', `texi2dvi',
- `texindex', `tex2patch', & `fixfonts') which generate both printed
- manuals & online hypertext documentation (called "Info"), & can read
- online Info documents. Version 3 has both Emacs Lisp & standalone
- programs written in C or shell script. Texinfo mode for Emacs enables
- easy editing & updating of Texinfo files. Source for the `Texinfo
- Manual' is included. *Note Documentation::.
-
- * Textutils (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- The Textutils programs manipulate textual data. They include: `cat',
- `cksum', `comm', `csplit', `cut', `expand', `fmt', `fold', `head',
- `join', `nl', `od', `paste', `pr', `sort', `split', `sum', `tac',
- `tail',
- `tr', `unexpand', `uniq', and `wc'.
-
- * Tile Forth (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- Tile Forth is a 32-bit implementation of the Forth-83 standard written
- in C, allowing it to be easily ported to new systems and extended with
- "any" C-function (graphics, windowing, etc). Many Forth libraries
- with
- full documentation are available including ones for top-down parsing,
- multi-threads, and object oriented programming.
-
- * `time' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `time' reports (usually from a shell) the user, system, & real time
- used
- by a process. On some systems it also reports memory usage, page
- faults, et al.
-
- * `tput' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `tput' is a portable way for shell scripts to use special terminal
- capabilities. Our `tput' uses the Termcap database, instead of
- Terminfo
- as most others do.
-
- * `ucblogo' (LangT, SrcCD)
-
- An implementation of the classic teaching language, Logo.
-
- * UUCP (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- This version of UUCP (written by Ian Lance Taylor) is GNU's standard
- UUCP system. It supports the `f', `g' & `v' (in all window & packet
- sizes), `G', `t', `e', Zmodem, & two new bidirectional (`i' & `j')
- protocols. With a BSD sockets library, it can make TCP connections.
- With TLI libraries, it can make TLI connections. Source is included
- for
- a manual (not yet published by the FSF).
-
- * `wdiff' (DjgpD, DosBC, SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `wdiff' is a front-end to GNU `diff'. It compares two files, finding
- the words deleted or added to the first to make the second. It has
- many
- output formats and works well with terminals and pagers. `wdiff' is
- very useful when two texts differ only by a few words and paragraphs
- have been refilled.
-
- * X11 *For details, see *Note X11 Tapes::* (X11OptT, X11ReqT)
-
- * `Ygl' (SrcCD, UtilT)
-
- `Ygl' emulates SGI's GL (Graphics Language) library under X11 on GNU/
- Linux with XFree, AIX 3.2, ConvexOS, HP-UX 7/8/9, SunOS, et al.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Forthcoming GNUs
- ****************
-
- Information about the current status of released GNU programs can be found
- in
- *Note GNU Software::. Here is some news of future plans.
-
- * GNU C Library (For current status, *note GNU Software::..)
-
- While there has not been a new release of our C library since the
- January
- GNU's Bulletin, Roland has been doing lots of work on it, with a
- focus on
- support for the Hurd (*note What Is the Hurd::.). Version 1.10 is in
- the
- works; it adds several new functions traditionally found in Unix
- systems
- and some small new GNU extensions. Ulrich Drepper has contributed to
- the
- library a great deal in the last few months, by writing new
- floating-point printing/reading functions that are perfectly accurate &
- much faster than the old code. He has also written a whole set of
- internationalization features including POSIX.2-compatible `locale' &
- `localedef' programs & catalogs for displaying program messages in
- languages other than English. The library can now be built as a shared
- library for the Hurd & other systems using the ELF object file format.
- Included is the run-time loader `ld.so' which sets up the shared
- libraries when a program runs; it works now on the Hurd and should be
- easy to port (using ELF) to GNU/Linux, SVR4 & Solaris 2.
-
- * GNUStep (Also see item Objective-C Library in *Note GNU Software::)
-
- OpenStep is an object-oriented application programming interface
- specification being proposed as an open object standard. Since its
- announcement over two years ago, there has been much interest in a GNU
- implementation, named GNUStep. Work has begun on GNUStep using an
- existing library written in Objective-C as a base. Much work remains
- to
- be done to bring this library close to the OpenStep specifications.
- Volunteers should contact `Paul_Kunz@slac.stanford.edu'. Check
- `http://fvkma.tu-graz.ac.at/gnustep/gnustep.html' for more info.
-
- * `makeinfo' and the World Wide Web (Also *note GNU Software::.)
-
- `makeinfo' is being modified to translate Texinfo source files into
- HTML
- documents that can be displayed on the Internet's World Wide Web.
-
- * GNU Common Lisp (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- Version 2.0 of GNU Common Lisp (GCL) was released in April '95. It now
- includes a graphical interface with the TK widget system. All
- documentation is now Texinfo-based, with built-in regexp matching used
- to access the documentation. A first pass at the Common Lisp condition
- system is also included. Work on installing the new compiler and
- internals is underway, as well as a port to the DEC Alpha architecture.
- Volunteers for parts of the move to the ANSI standard are most welcome;
- contact `schelter@math.utexas.edu'.
-
- * GNU Emacs (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- Future versions of Emacs will provide: saving the undo history in a
- file,
- so you can undo older changes in the history, support for both
- variable-width fonts and wide character sets, and support for the
- world's major languages. Our long term plan is to move it in the
- direction of a WYSIWYG word processor and make it easier for beginners
- to use.
-
- * C Interpreter
-
- We hope to add interpreter facilities to our compiler and debugger.
- This
- task is partly finished. GCC has generated byte code for all supported
- languages, but that support is in flux at this time. A new effort to
- finish this work has begun. To make this work usable, we need to
- enhance
- GDB to load the byte code dynamically. We also would like support for
- compiling just a specified few functions in a file. Due to limited
- resources, the FSF cannot fund this. Interested volunteers should
- contact `gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu'.
-
- * GCC (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- New front ends for GCC are being developed for Pascal and Chill. See
- the
- GNU Fortran and GNAT items in this article for news on those front
- ends.
-
- * GNAT: The GNU Ada Translator *Not yet available from the FSF*
-
- A front end for much of Ada 95 (GNAT: The GNU Ada Translator) is
- available via anonymous FTP from `cs.nyu.edu' in `/pub/gnat'. News
- about
- GNAT is posted to the USENET newsgroup `comp.lang.ada'.
-
- * GNU Fortran (For info on `f2c' & GCC, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- The GNU Fortran (`g77') front end is stable, but work is needed to
- bring
- its overall packaging, feature set, and performance up to the levels
- the
- Fortran community expects. Tasks to be done include: writing
- documentation; improving diagnostics; speeding up compilation,
- especially
- for large initialized data tables; implementing `INTEGER*2',
- `INTEGER*8', and similar features; and arranging to build and install
- `libf2c' automatically. We don't know when these things will be done,
- but hope some will be finished in the coming months. You can speed
- progress by working on them or by offering funding.
-
- A mailing list exists for announcements about `g77'. To subscribe, ask
- `info-gnu-fortran-request@prep.ai.mit.edu'. To contact the developer
- of
- `g77' or get current status, write or finger `fortran@gnu.ai.mit.edu'.
-
- * Ghostscript (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- Ghostscript 3.0 will be distributed by the FSF soon. It will implement
- nearly the full Postscript Level 2 language except for LZW compression,
- which can't be freely implemented because of software patents.
- (Prohibitions on programming like this are what the League for
- Programming Freedom is fighting. *Note What Is the LPF::, for
- details.)
-
- * `gmp' (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- The GNU `mp' library, version 2.0, will have arbitrary multiple
- precision
- floating point arithmetic, be more portable, and be up to 4 times
- faster
- than previous versions.
-
- * Oleo (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- Volunteers are writing an Oleo manual and extensions to the Oleo
- interface.
-
- * Smalltalk (For current status, *note GNU Software::.)
-
- The next release, version 1.2, will use the GNU Autoconf configuration.
- It will have significant performance improvements & memory requirement
- reductions, more control over the memory allocation, ability to use the
- Smalltalk interpreter as a subroutine (i.e., callable from C), better X
- Window System interfaces, ability to represent and manipulate C data
- structures in Smalltalk, conditional compilation facilities, large
- integer support, a complete GUI-based class browsing system, better
- (more
- complete/usable) TCP/IP interfaces, exception support, weak
- references, &
- finalization support.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- best -gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
-
- Member, League for Programming Freedom,
- ask: lpf@uunet.uu.net, surf: http://www.lpf.org
-