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- From: noring@netcom.com (Jon Noring)
- Newsgroups: sci.physics,alt.sci.physics.new-theories,sci.skeptic
- Subject: Re: below absolute zero?
- Message-ID: <1993Jan25.191010.24155@netcom.com>
- Date: 25 Jan 93 19:10:10 GMT
- Organization: Netcom Online Communications Services (408-241-9760 login: guest)
- Lines: 40
-
- In article sarfatti@well.sf.ca.us (Jack Sarfatti) writes:
-
- >I'm not sure of what was originally intended. I just caught the posts
- >whipping by at warp 10 and did not really digest it. There is in quantum
- >physics such a thing as a negative spin temperature - this would be formally
- >below absolute zero - but that is misleading since any negative temperature
- >is "hotter" than any positive temperature. Indeed -.0000000000.....1 degrees
- >Kelvin is hotter than infinite positive temperature. This is because of the
- >way entropy varies with respect to energy in quantum systems with discrete
- >energy levels. A negative temperature means that more particles sit in the
- >upper energy level than in the lower energy level for the simple case of
- >a two level system like a spinning electron, proton or even neutron, or atom
- >of spin 1/2 in a magnetic field.
- >
- >Thought problem for Star Fleet Academy Cadets from Admiral Sarfatti:
- >How does a reversible Carnot heat engine behave if the hot reservoir is
- >at a negative quantum temperature while the cold reservoir is at a positive
- >classical temperature? What kind of Star Fleet devices can you make with
- >this idea? Hint: use the second law of thermodynamics.
-
-
- If you'd like a clue, consult chapter 14 in the book "Heat and
- Thermodynamics", by Mark W. Zemansky, McGraw Hill, 1968).
-
- Jon Noring
-
- --
-
- Charter Member of the INFJ Club.
-
- Now, if you're just dying to know what INFJ stands for, be brave, e-mail me,
- and I'll send you some information. It WILL be worth the inquiry, I think.
-
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