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- Path: sparky!uunet!olivea!pagesat!netsys!ukma!UKCC.UKY.EDU!JAREA
- From: JAREA@UKCC.UKY.EDU
- Newsgroups: sci.lang
- Subject: Re: Esperanto a natural language?
- Message-ID: <16B5E12A48.JAREA@UKCC.UKY.EDU>
- Date: 23 Jan 93 02:12:29 GMT
- References: <21405@ucdavis.ucdavis.edu> <1993Jan16.100356.46440@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu> <C14BzL.9B@spss.com> <12471@sorley.ed.ac.uk>
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- In article <12471@sorley.ed.ac.uk>
- iad@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Ivan A Derzhanski) writes:
-
- >
- >express their failure to occur in natural languages in the form of a
- >universal? Such as the brackets and subscripts of Lojban?
- >
- >>-- in how many Romance languages would _Esperanto_
- >>in "he speaks Esperanto" naturally appear as an adverb?
- >
- >In none, unless we manage to prove that Hungarian is a Romance language
- >(which shouldn't be too difficult: to begin with, the `flea' words are
- >obviously related, so everything else follows).
- >
-
- Solely in the interest of "le sport", let's consider first the Latin sentence
- "Loquitur latine." (This is a good sentence, as can be seen from the initial
- capital letter and the final period.) Any Latin grammar will tell you that
- the form "latine" is an adverb: it tells the manner, the how, of the speaking,
- and its ending is not that of any of the cases (to save everyone from rushing
- for his handy Latin grammar): the history and prehistory of the ending are
- not at issue here, of course. Aha, you cry, Latin is not a Romance language.
- This could get us into a quibble about the definition of Romance languages,
- but we could weasel out of that somehow, I suppose.
-
- But suppose I take a language often claimed to be Romance, say French.
- Let's take a sentence like, "Il parle franc,ais." (By the by, I used
- "latine" in the above example as my Latin reference works do not indicate
- to which declension "Esperanto" belongs in Latin.) I continue. Having
- noted that Latin uses an adverb in sentences the equivalent of "He speaks
- x", I shall expect that it might be that modern descendants of Latin do
- likewise until I find contrary evidence. Is there anything in the sentence
- "Il parle anglais" (avoiding the discomfort of slipped cedillas) to suggest
- modifying or supporting the claim that French likewise is using an adverb.
- I'm still specifying how the speaker speaks, and an adverb will do well.
- Further, I shall be reluctant to make a silly claim that "anglais" is a
- noun, since as any school child knows, French nouns require articles or
- similar determiners.
-
- This argument must be wrong, however, since English is using a noun, not an
- adverb, in "He speaks English", and English grammar underlies all grammars.
- Oh, well, it was amusing while it lasted. Now let's go back to serious topicx.
-
-