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- From: tgray@igc.apc.org (Tom Gray)
- Newsgroups: sci.energy
- Subject: --Dutch Develop Variable Speed
- Message-ID: <1466300154@igc.apc.org>
- Date: 25 Jan 93 19:26:00 GMT
- Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
- Lines: 103
- Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1466300154:000:4759
- Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!tgray Jan 25 11:26:00 1993
-
-
- /* Written 11:22 am Jan 25, 1993 by tgray@igc.apc.org in igc:en.energy */
-
- DUTCH SCORE SUCCESSES
- WITH VARIABLE SPEED
-
- While attention in the United States has been focused on U.S.
- Windpower's $20 million development of its 33m VS variable-speed
- wind turbine, Dutch development of the variable-speed technology
- has been largely overlooked here.
-
- Although the variable-speed idea is not new (Bergey Windpower Co.
- of Norman, Okla., has been building grid-connected small wind
- turbines operating at variable speeds for more than a decade), it
- was the Dutch who first employed the concept on utility-scale
- machines.
-
- Several years ago, Stork-FDO Wind Energy, a consortium of two Dutch
- aerospace companies designed a series of variable speed wind
- turbines for the Dutch government's energy research program. Four
- turbines were eventually installed, and two are still in service,
- one in the Netherlands, the other on the Caribbean island of
- Curacao.
-
- Building on this experience, Lagerweij, a small Dutch manufacturer,
- has installed nearly 250 smaller variable-speed machines during the
- past six years (see accompanying item).
-
- Variable speed is attractive because it enables designers to gain
- greater rotor efficiencies by allowing the rotor speed to vary in
- response to changes in wind speed. There may be additional
- benefits as well: slower rotor speeds in light winds may lower
- noise emissions just when aerodynamic noise of the blades is most
- noticeable, and variable speeds may reduce dynamic loads on the
- turbine's drive train, thus extending the turbine's life.
-
- Not all manufacturers are convinced that it is sufficiently
- attractive to justify variable speed's greater cost. Nevertheless,
- the concept has long attracted the interest of designers.
-
- Stork-FDO began development of variable-speed turbines in the early
- 1980s, using the technology then available. The Dutch consortium
- first built a 26.5-meter (87-foot), 300-kW turbine called the
- NEWECS-25.
-
- Three of the two-bladed upwind machines were built, two in the
- Netherlands and one on Curacao, an island in the Netherlands
- Antilles. Only the turbine on Curacao is still operating.
-
- The NEWECS-25 was a forerunner of a 1-MW turbine, the NEWECS-45,
- now operating at Medemblik on the shore of the Ijsselmeer, the
- large Dutch inland sea formed by closure of the Zuider Zee. Both
- designs incorporate a variable-pitch rotor driving a variable-speed
- generator through a planetary transmission. The turbines generate
- utility-compatible electricity by conditioning the generator's
- output with power electronics.
-
- The NEWECS-25 on Curacao has logged more than 43,000 hours of
- grid-connected operation since its installation in September, 1985.
- The extremely well maintained turbine has been in near-continuous
- service since a control failure destroyed the turbine's brake in
- 1988, and the power electronics manufactured by Brown Boveri
- Nederlands have continued to perform to the local utility's
- satisfaction.
-
- The turbine, located at Boca San Pedro on Curacao's northeast
- shoreline, is the only intermediate-size wind machine still
- operating in the Caribbean, according to Margo Guda of Curacao's
- Fundashon Antiyano Pa Energia. Guda characterizes the Stork-FDO
- turbine as the unsung success story of Dutch wind turbine
- development.
-
- Neither Stork nor FDO currently manufacture wind turbines. The
- chief designer of the NEWECS turbines for Stork-FDO, Paul Hensing,
- later engineered the corporate takeover of Belgian turbine maker
- Windmaster by the Dutch Begemann conglomerate.
-
- Lagerweij has essentially commercialized the variable-speed concept
- in the Dutch domestic market and has begun to export turbines to
- nearby Germany.
-
- ===============================
-
- The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) has authorized me to offer
- an electronic edition of its newsletter, _Wind Energy Weekly_, from
- which the above article is excerpted, at no cost.
-
- For those of you who have not previously seen excerpts from back issues
- on Usenet or Bitnet, the _Weekly_ reports on the outlook for renewable
- energy, energy-related environmental issues, and renewable energy
- legislation in addition to wind industry trade news. The electronic
- edition normally runs about 10kb in length.
-
- If you would like a free electronic subscription, send me an e-mail
- request. Please include information on your position, organization,
- and reason for interest in the publication.
-
- If the _Weekly_ is not quite for you, please pass this message on to
- someone else you think might be interested. Thanks.
-
- *******************************************************************
- Tom Gray EcoNet/PeaceNet: tgray@igc
- Internet/Bitnet: tgray@igc.apc.org UUCP: uunet!cdp!tgray
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