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- Xref: sparky sci.electronics:23460 rec.audio:19497 rec.audio.car:5863 rec.audio.pro:2864
- Newsgroups: sci.electronics,rec.audio,rec.audio.car,rec.audio.pro
- Path: sparky!uunet!destroyer!gatech!rpi!scott.skidmore.edu!jreiser
- From: jreiser@scott.skidmore.edu (Jason Reiser... Asleep)
- Subject: Re: 12V Power Amplifier Design
- Message-ID: <1993Jan27.231045.3093@scott.skidmore.edu>
- Organization: Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs NY
- References: <C1J0vp.BC0@ns1.nodak.edu>
- Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1993 23:10:45 GMT
- Lines: 112
-
- csmith@plains.NoDak.edu (Carl Smith) writes:
- > In article <C1It67.5E5@world.std.com> DPierce@world.std.com (Richard D Pierce) writes:
- > >
- > >It's now a trivial excercise to design and mass produce car audio
- > >electronics that have output amplifiers that run of supply rails that are
- > >much in excess of 12 volts. Try, for example, supply rails of +- 50 volts.
- > >Before we see how, let's see what this gets us. Assuming a couple of volts
- > >drop across the output fevices when they're fully conducting (a generous
- > >assumption but what the hey), that gives you a peak-to-peak output
- > >capability of +- 48volts, which translates, by your math (which I will
- > >accept as essentially correct) to an output power 143.9 watts into 8 ohms.
- > >I would hope that you agree that this is a bit more than the couple of
- > >what figures you came up with.
- >
- > And it will deliver 288W into 4 ohm speakers, assuming it can handle
- > them.
-
- MAYBE! That's assuming that the amp is 100% efficient (actually more
- than that). Several amp manufacterers including Orion, PPI,
- Hafler/Rockford Fosgate and other high end companies claim that their
- amps will double the output power into lower impedances of a factor of
- 2. ie.. 100x2 into 4 ohms, 200x2 into 2 ohms, etc (if stable).
- That's one hell of an optimistic view, but they do increase power into
- lower loads. (and it is significant increase). Of course, that is at
- the sacrifice of damping factor, also by the same factor of 2.
-
- >
- > >Poof! like magic, you have a perfectly realizable 150 watt amplifier
- > >running off a 12 volt car battery. (The downside, of course, is that when
- > >you realize the the switching converter runs probably 80% efficiency, and
- > >the am, if biased class AB runs at best about 43%, then we have to have
- > >about 420 watts running into the beast, which implies an input current at
- > >13.8 volts of about 30 amps. And there are people who drive vehicles with
- > >systems having capabilities in the multi-killowatt range, implying many
- > >hundreds of amps of current draw. Gulp!)
- >
- > This is where I have trouble accepting the amps that deliver many hundreds
- > of watts of power. I have no trouble accepting that it is possible to
- > pump hundreds of watts into normal 4 and 8 ohm speakers by stepping the
- > voltage up, I don't see how the car's electrical system can supply the
- > necessary current for any length of time more than a couple minutes.
-
- Exactly! They don't need to. If you have an amp that's 100x2 into 4
- ohms in your car, it isn't putting out 100 watts per channel
- constantly. That's what headroom is all about. You have power in
- reserve for loud transients and such. So, they don't need to put out
- that kind of power constantly. Sure, if you have a massive system,
- and you blast it constantly, you will need to upgrade your charging
- system, and battery/batteries.
-
- > I have plans for a stereo 300W/channel amp, and it gets that rating by
- > stepping up the supply to about 50 volts, and by using 4 ohm speakers.
- > When tested, it actually clips at about 290 WPC. Now, assuming that
- > the amp and supply are 100% efficient, that would take over 48 amps
- > at 12 volts. If you consider the 80% and 43% given above, that comes
- > to 140 amps at 12 volts.
-
- So, you doubt the idea... you think it will cause battery problems and
- such, and yet you are going to buy a 600 watt amp!?! That's fine, but
- as I said, it's not going to be opertaing at full output at all times
- (I hope for your ears sake). Why not instead consider smaller amps
- and set them up right. A single 300x2 amp is not the way to go in
- most vehicular systems... better off with dedicated amps for the
- different types of drivers. Yes, passive crossovers are fine in cars,
- but with 300 watts, you're gonna spend a lot on crossover components
- along... not to mention that the amp will be a fortune.
-
- > Now you understand why people with these
- > kinds of amps run power cables directly to the battery, and the cables
- > are the same size as the battery cables.
-
- Well, actually the reason to run an amp from the battery has little to
- do with current draw. Sure, if you have a large amp, you'll need that
- large supply of current. But, if you install a little 30 watt amp,
- you better run it to the battery as well. You could run it off of any
- wire that will supply the needed current, but the battery will be the
- least likely to introduce noise into the system... fuse boxes are
- noise boxes!
-
- > Well, batteries can deliver
- > many hundreds of amps for short periods, but they must be recharged
- > by the alternator. And the alternator in my car can put out only 60
- > amps, and a major portion of that goes to running the cars electrical
- > system, especialy when the lights are on. What I am wondering is if
- > people with these amps have dead batteries all the time...
-
- Actually, when the car is running, the battery is an almost
- ineffective buffer in the DC supply to the amp(s). Yes, if you have a
- 60 amp alternator, and with AC, lights, etc... you may have only
- around 10 amps to spare (it varys greatly from one car to another).
- If you exceed the available current being put out from the alternator,
- you will discharge the battery as the system continues to play. If
- the battery is in this state often, it could do permanent damage to
- the battery. Not to mention starting problems. So, then you consider
- multiple batteries, upgraded alternators, or aftermarket units.
- To save yourself the headaches of these kinds of problems,
- build a system that plays as loud as you plan to use it. Or, don't
- play it so loud all the time.
-
- - Jason
-
-
- > --
- > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
- > Carl D. Smith Inhale to the chief!
- > csmith@plains.nodak.edu
-
- --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
- \ Jason A. Reiser \ Send E-Mail to jreiser@scott.skidmore.edu \
- \ Skidmore College \ Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 \ 518-581-6580 \
- \ It's a new Ice Age! Hooray!! Sled City! - Calvin & Hobbes \
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