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- From: uni@acs.bu.edu (Shaen Bernhardt)
- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Subject: Re: RADAR, RADAR ECM, and RADAR ECCM
- Message-ID: <107823@bu.edu>
- Date: 21 Jan 93 05:51:22 GMT
- References: <Jan.20.12.40.11.1993.25528@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu>
- Sender: news@bu.edu
- Organization: Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Lines: 154
-
-
- originally I sent this as a letter, but it occurs to me that I might be
- mistaken on some points, or might have some points that others might
- like to hear so....:
-
- >To: jcborkow@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu
- >Subject: Re: RADAR, RADAR ECM, and RADAR ECCM
- >Newsgroups: sci.electronics,rec.autos.driving
- >In-Reply-To: <Jan.20.12.40.11.1993.25528@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu>
- >Organization: Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- >Cc:
- >Bcc:
-
- In article <Jan.20.12.40.11.1993.25528@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu> you write:
- >
- >
- > I am currently an electrical engineering student with a vast
- >interest in Microwave Engineering and RADAR Systems Engineering.
-
- [Stuff Deleted]
-
- It's nice to see someone else interested in this material.
- I have studied the functionality and process of speed measurement by
- radar for some time (Being an avid speeder)
- I bought my first radar gun (never had or tried to get a license) when I
- was 14.
-
-
- > However, with all that I have learned and all the books I have
- >looked through, I cannot find an answer to this question:
-
- > In NJ, the only police RADAR unit that is legally used by State
- >Police is the MPH Industries K-55 X-band RADAR unit. (There are three
-
- [Stuff Deleted]
- I have had some experience with these units.
-
- > These units also have a jack for an option for an Electronic
- >Counter Measure detection/ECCM unit to be attached. I already owned a
-
- [Stuff deleted]
-
- >I was able to obtain one of these optional ECCM units. However, all
- >the unit is is a third antenna, that's battery operated, and it
- >displays a third vehicle/object speed. I tried using the unit against
- >an X-band spot jammer, and the unit was also fooled by the jammer
- >signal. So what is the purpose of this ECCM unit, what is it supposed
- >to do, and how is it supposed to do it? What is the purpose of having
- >the unit being battery operated? I was not able to get a manual with
- >the ECCM unit, so I can't tell you anything more than I observed.
-
- I have never played with the ECCM units, but I have talked with troopers
- and designers who have. My impression is that they serve one purpose only,
- and that is to identify other sources of emissions... to identify a vehicle
- transmitting, and thus facilitate capture.. NOT to defeat a jammer, only
- to verify its presence.
-
- I would assume that the speed reading is a passive reader designed to
- pickup the signal of a jammer and display the speed it is transmitting.
-
- Theoretically the use of said unit would be as such:
-
- 1> Trooper with instant on/constant speed measureing unit observes a
- car traveling at what he/she feels to be a unusually high speed.
- (Note that trooper has the ECCM unit)
-
- 2> Trooper iluminates the target vehicle, but gets only a 57 mph reading
- (Despite the fact that the offending vehicle seems to be traveling at 90+)
-
- 3> Trooper deactivates the radar transmitter (freezing the reading 57mph)
-
- 4> The ECCM unit (not powered by the trigger on the k-55 unit) continues
- to recieve and display 57 in the absence of any trooper transmission
-
- 5> As Trooper is not transmitting, yet a signal is still present: Another
- transmission must be present, and transmitting at 57mph.
-
- This is consistant with the typical jammer methods I have observed.
- 1> Jammers are of two types: Active or Passive/Active.
-
- The active types just transmit 57 mph (Or whatever they are set to) all the
- time. (Setting off all the radar detectors within range I might add)
-
- The Passive Actives wait until they recieve a signal (via external speaker
- jack in an escort/pasport detector for example) and THEN transmitt 57mph
-
- Either way....
-
- 1> With the ACTIVE jammer, the trooper will receive a signal without
- transmitting. (Assumeably this will result in a display on the ECCM unit)
-
- 2> With the Passive/Active jammer, the trooper will receive a signal
- without transmitting (Having triggered the transmitter) I believe
- all the transmitters have a good deal of lag after the trooper lets
- up on the trigger. (Jamming transmitters that is)
-
- >
- > Some observations I have to answer any unanswered questions:
- >
- > One of the easiest ways to defeat ECM units is to continuously
- >change frequency. However, police RADAR X-band RADAR must be
- >10.525 GHz, so such a tactic cannot be used.
-
- Ah, but the stalker does exactaly this, or will soon (Wideband Ka)
-
- > Another way to defeat ECM is to increase power output. The jammer
- >had a cavity output of 200mW, which is 10-15 times the output of
- >the RADAR unit. The RADAR unit would have to have a power output in
- >the range of a few watts to be able to defeat the jammer.
-
- This is decidely unpopular... the key in design lately has been LOW
- power. To much cancer scares right now. ECM is so rare as to make this
- pointless.
-
- > The ECCM unit, I think, would be somewhat useful (maybe 40% of
- >the time) against mechanical means of RADAR jamming (vibrating
- >metal or stealth materials) if the two antennas where placed far
- >enough apart. However, mechanical RADAR jamming is extremely
- >unreliable, and there is no sense in making a unit to defeat it.
-
- I really dont think the ECCM unit does anything other than listen....
- I dont know what else might be going on......
-
- > The jammer worked on the principle of sending out a pulsed wave
- >so the RADAR unit would receive a higher, false echoed signal to
- >drown out the actual vehicle signal. There is a RADAR unit, the
- >Kustom H.A.W.K. system, which defeats such an ECM signal by using
- >a PCM signal. Unrecognizable signals (i.e. a pure sine wave) are
- >ignored. However, the K-55 RADAR unit I have uses a pure sine
- >wave output, and, hence, no sinal identification trickery.
-
- True, some models of the hawk also have a feature that permits passive
- signal reception in the hold mode to detect (assumably) transmitters
- (Jammers) Note that the EFI features of most guns are EXACTALLY this,
- just listening for similar signals that might interfere with the gun...
- Many troopers know enough to suspect something when a car goes by
- and lights up the EFI indicator.
-
- > Lastly, no police RADAR units that I have seen have this
- >ECCM unit hooked up. It might be that maybe it doesn't actually
- >work. Any insight or comments greatly appreciated.
-
- I think the real point is that there are so few jammers that its not
- considered cost effective.
-
-
- > Jason
- > (jcborkow@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu)
-
-
- uni
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