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- Newsgroups: sci.astro
- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!destroyer!fmsrl7!lynx.unm.edu!zia.aoc.nrao.edu!laphroaig!cflatter
- From: cflatter@nrao.edu (Chris Flatters)
- Subject: Re: Planetary Ephemeris Routines?
- Message-ID: <1993Jan26.005607.21190@zia.aoc.nrao.edu>
- Sender: news@zia.aoc.nrao.edu
- Reply-To: cflatter@nrao.edu
- Organization: NRAO
- References: <1993Jan25.210019.11460@news.lrz-muenchen.de>
- Date: Tue, 26 Jan 93 00:56:07 GMT
- Lines: 41
-
- In article 11460@news.lrz-muenchen.de, HUSFELD@usmv01.usm.uni-muenchen.de (Husfeld, Dirk) writes:
- >In <1993Jan22.182648.7390@zia.aoc.nrao.edu> cflatter@nrao.edu writes:
- >
- >>> <some cited lines about numerical precision deleted>
- >> Unfortunately his discussion of numerical precision is very outdated. Almost
- >> anything you are likely to have on your desk these days will maintain much
- >> better precision than Meeus would lead you to believe (most machines will
- >> only lose one bit of precision in subtraction no matter how close the numbers
- >> being subtracted for example).
- >>
- >> Chris Flatters
- >> cflatter@nrao.edu
- >>
- >Hmmm. If you subtract two numbers that differ by only the last bit in their
- >binary representation, then your result only has one bit of precision.
- >So I think your above words were not very carefully chosen. Could you
- >elaborate on what you mean?
-
- Most current floating-point implementations use an extra bit (called a
- guard digit) during addition and subtraction. It can be proved
- (meaning I'm not going to do it here --- its awkward to reproduce it
- text --- see "What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About
- Floating-Point Arithmetic" by David Goldberg, ACM Computing Surveys,
- 23:5 (1991) if you really want to study it) that the use of a single
- guard digit will restrict the maximum relative error in the subtraction
- of two numbers to be less than 2e where e is the upper bound on the
- relative error caused by rounding by half a unit in the least
- significant digit (this is a general theorem and applies to both binary
- and non-binary floating-point representations).
-
- Floating-point implementations that conform to IEEE standard 754 (these
- include IBM PC's (Intel 80x87), and most workstations (including SPARC,
- MIPS, PA-RISC and IBM RS/6000) use a guard digit. VAX floating-point
- also uses a guard digit. IBM added a guard digit to the
- double-precision format of its system/360 architecture in the late
- 1960s (single-precision already used a guard digit) and retrofitted
- every machine in the field. Cray supercomputers do not use a guard
- digit.
-
- Chris Flatters
- cflatter@nrao.edu
-