home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!das.wang.com!ulowell!m2c!nic.umass.edu!noc.near.net!hri.com!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!linac!att!cbnewse!cbnewsd!att-out!cbfsb!cbnewsg.cb.att.com!cooper
- From: cooper@cbnewsg.cb.att.com (Ralph 'Hairy' Moonen)
- Newsgroups: rec.puzzles
- Subject: Re: RAAARRGGHH!!!! not again!
- Message-ID: <1993Jan27.101040.20564@cbfsb.cb.att.com>
- Date: 27 Jan 93 10:10:40 GMT
- References: <C1GuHw.zuF@austin.ibm.com>
- Sender: news@cbfsb.cb.att.com
- Organization: AT&T
- Lines: 48
-
- In article <C1GuHw.zuF@austin.ibm.com>, bmoore@sunfish.austin.ibm.com (Bryan Moore) writes:
- > >You are throwing 2 consecutive dice. The first one turns up a six. What is
- > >the chance of the second also being a six. It's easy to see that because dice
- > >have no memory, the chance is also 1/6. Now, following your line of reasoning,
- > >there are 36 different ways to throw the dice. Because 1 six already has
- > >been thrown this leaves 11 combinations, one of which is a double six.
- > >So, according to you, you only have 1/11 chance of throwing a second six.
- > >Clearly this is dead wrong.
- >
- > >--Ralph
- > Ralph, you are dead wrong. Let's look closer at your dice analogy to see why.
- > To compare the dice problem to the boy/girl problem, you need to toss the
- > dice a bunch of times and write the results down and put them in a hat.
- > This is because the two children are already born, and we're not saying
- > that if a woman has given birth to a girl, and is pregnant, what is the
- > probability that the next child is a girl. We're saying that both children
- > have been born and you see one of them on the street, you don't know which
- > child). You see a girl, what's the probability the other is a girl.
- >
- > Back to the dice... Roll two dice 100 times. Get 100 pieces of paper and
- > write the results of the first die on one side and write the results
- > of the second die on the other side of the piece of paper. Put all the
- > pieces of paper in a hat. Now pick a piece of paper out of the hat.
- > You see a six on the piece of paper, what is the probability that the
- > other side has a six? IT IS 1/11!!!!!!!
-
- The way you put it, you are still wrong. You are *given* the *fact* that
- 1 dice is a six. Your p[iece of paper has a six on 1 side. There are
- left the combinations of 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, and 6-6. No other ones
- possible, because you allready *know* there's 1 six. So the chance of
- the other side being a six is 1/6. You make the mistake of making
- a difference on which side of the paper the six is on. When you pick
- a paper, and it has a 2 on it, you will also have to check the other
- side to see if there's a six on it. The combination of 6-2 and 2-6 are
- identical, because it is given that one of the two is six.
-
- Let's bring this back to the boy/girl problem.
- The (wrong) reasoning is that the possibilities are BG GB GG and BB.
- But if you includeboth GB and BG, you should also include an extra
- GG and BB, if you want to take birth order into account. Chances stay
- 50/50.
-
- This whole thing can be found in any statistical textbook, and is
- easy to understand when you realise that dice do not communicate. They
- have no way of telling the other dice "Hey, I'm a six". They are
- independant entities.
-
- --Ralph
-