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- From: exudnw@exu.ericsson.se (Dave Williams)
- Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,comp.protocols.nfs
- Subject: backbone routers and topology
- Keywords: FDDI ethernet router backbone topology performance routed
- Message-ID: <1993Jan20.181656.19870@exu.ericsson.se>
- Date: 20 Jan 93 18:16:56 GMT
- Sender: news@exu.ericsson.se
- Reply-To: exudnw@exu.ericsson.se (Dave Williams)
- Organization: Ericsson Network Systems
- Lines: 136
- Nntp-Posting-Host: floyd.exu.ericsson.se
- X-Disclaimer: This article was posted by a user at Ericsson.
- Any opinions expressed are strictly those of the
- user and not necessarily those of Ericsson.
-
- This may be in some FAQ somewhere, but I can't find it.
-
- I'd like to hear from any large sites that have routers configured as
- backbones. There's lots of marketing hype from the router companies
- on why you "need" to do this, but very little in the way of hard info
- on configuration, performance and pitfalls.
-
- Our current configuration consists of about 400 SPARC clients fed by 13 Sun
- 4/490 servers. Each server has multiple NC400 Network Co-processors (one per
- client network), 2 IPI controllers and 6-8 IPI disks (sime Saber's, some Elites).
-
- We are currently setup in a straight hierarchical topology that looks something
- like this:
-
-
-
- server backbone (ethernet)
- +-----------------------+----------------------+-----> to existing router
- | | | (3270, x.25, etc.)
- | | |
- +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
- | 490 | | 490 | | 490 |
- | 1 | | 2 | | n |
- +-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+
- | | | NC400 I/F's | | | | | |
-
- client client client
- networks networks networks
-
-
-
- We typically put a maximum of 25 diskless w/s on each client network and get
- about 60 clients per server. We run NIS, DNS, automounter, etc. and the whole
- thing works pretty well. We are currenly in the process of adding about 200
- disks to make about half of our client population dataless, the remainder is
- Sun SLC's :~(
-
- We started questioning this layout when we noticed our "server backbone" was
- hitting high % of possible lan bandwidth at peak hours of the day. We already
- had common data replicated on multiple servers but it's too big to copy to
- all of them. We thought about this for a bit and came up with the following
- possible solutions:
-
- 1) Put a large router (Cisco AGS+, Alantec, Wellfleet, etc.) in place of the
- server backbone. These typically have near-gigabit backplanes and have *got*
- to be faster than our current Ethernet 10 MB/sec "governor".
-
- 2) Connect the server's client networks to both the clients and the router
- and turn off routing in the servers. We did some informal tests and found
- that a single client could cause 10% server CPU load just routing a single
- "find" command. I've always heard that Suns made poor routers, but could
- never find any hard data on the subject.
-
- 3) Use the router as an FDDI connection to a single server containing all
- replicated filesystems. We thought this could be a SS10/41 with multiple
- fast SCSI disks. This would free up all the space currently taken up by
- replicated data spread over all the servers while providing for faster
- access and better configuration control.
-
- One question that looms is whether the replicated (read mostly) data server
- should use multiple ethernet I/F's, one to each client network (using more
- than one server) or use FDDI straight into the router. We don't have a lot
- of FDDI experience to guide us.
-
- Is the answer the same for database (read-write, non-NFS) servers as it is for
- "read mostly" (NFS) nodes? Which is better (for NFS and/or socket DB access),
- multiple ethernet segments in a "matrix" topology spread over each client
- network or single FDDI interfaces from each server into the router?
-
- We would end up with something like this:
-
-
- "old" server backbone
- (Left intact for sanity and backup if router ever blows)
- +--------------------------+-------------------------+-------------+
- | | | |
- | | | |
- +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
- | 490 | | 490 | | 490 | |
- | 1 | | 2 | | n | |
- +-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+ |
- | | | NC400 I/F's | | | | | | |
- client client client |
- networks networks networks |
- | | | | | | | | | |
- +---+-+-+----------------------+-+-+---------------------+-+-+----+ |
- | enet enet enet | |
- | enet+-----+
- | router "backbone" |
- | FDDI/CDDI |
- +-----------------------------+----------------------------++-----+
- | ||
- X.25,3270 +-----++----+
- etc. | replicated|
- | data |
- | server(s) |
- | |
- +-----------+
-
-
- Are we on the trail of something good here or have we all been locked up in
- the hacketorium too long?
-
- Specifically:
-
- 1) Is turning off routing on the servers a *good* thing?
-
- 2) What will break?
-
- 3) One question that looms is whether the replicated (read mostly) data server
- should use multiple ethernet I/F's, one to each client network (using more
- than one server to cover all of the client networks) or use FDDI straight
- into the router. We don't have a lot of FDDI experience to guide us.
-
- Is the answer the same for database (read-write) servers as it is for "read
- mostly" nodes? Which is better (for NFS and/or socket DB access), multiple
- ethernet segments in a "matrix" topology spread over each client network
- or a single FDDI interface into the router for each type of server?
-
- 4) What are we overlooking?
-
- 5) Are there any other large sites doing this kind of stuff?
-
-
- Any comments/suggestions appreciated.
-
-
- = exudnw@exu.ericsson.se (214)907-7928 =
- = David Williams "You can't win, you can't break even, =
- = Ericsson Network Systems and you can't quit" =
- = Richardson, TX 75081 my opinions... =
- --
- = exudnw@exu.ericsson.se =
- = David Williams "You can't win, you can't break even, =
- = Ericsson Network Systems and you can't quit" =
- = Richardson, TX 75081 my opinions... =
-