home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!agate!ames!news.larc.nasa.gov!headless.larc.nasa.gov!jack
- From: jack@larc.nasa.gov (Jack Dunn)
- Newsgroups: comp.dsp
- Subject: Re: Windows for High Res Spectral Analysis
- Date: 21 Jan 1993 12:37:50 GMT
- Organization: ASEB/SySD LaRC NASA
- Lines: 82
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <1jm5euINN5up@rave.larc.nasa.gov>
- Reply-To: jack@larc.nasa.gov
- NNTP-Posting-Host: headless.larc.nasa.gov
-
- In article 14930@nstn.ns.ca, tcreasy@fox.nstn.ns.ca (Tim Creasy) writes:
- >
- >SUMMARY:
- >
- >I am looking for feedback from the net about applying windows to
- >discrete-time samples for high resolution spectral analysis.
- >I need to resolve a spectrum accurately at more than 90dB
- >below the level of the fundamental signal.
- >
- >
- >THE PROBLEM:
- >
- >I am testing a 16 bit A-D converter for SNR and Harmonic Distortion.
- >This involves appling a spectrally pure sine wave of known frequency
- >to the input, and capturing the digital samples at the output into
- >memory on a single board computer. Then I perform an FFT, enabling
- >me to analyze the output in the frequency domain.
- >
- >I soon encountered the problem of spectral leakage. If there is
- >a discontinuity in amplitude between the first and last time sample,
- >the fundamental tone does not fall neatly in an FFT bin, but spreads out
- >over a large number of bins, totally obscuring any harmonics at the
- >-90dB level and below.
- >
- >One way of overcoming this is to phase lock the sinusoidal source to
- >the sampling clock (not possible with my set up), or equivalently,
- >truncate the time data so that there remains an integer number of sine
- >waves in the sample interval. But this is not satisfactory because
- >now the number of time samples is not a power of two, so the Fourier
- >Transform is slow.
- >
- >The more common way is to multiply the time data by a window before
- >performing the FFT. This effectively makes the input waveform
- >(and possibly its derivatives) continuous at its endpoints. But
- >I know windowing must also have a side effect of distorting the
- >output spectrum, especially at the low levels I am talking about.
- >Apparently the familiar Hanning and Hamming windows are not good
- >enough for this application. To date, I have achieved best results
- >with a four-term Blackmann-Harris window. This is where I need help!
- >
- >
- >QUESTIONS
- >
- >1. How much distortion can I expect the Blackmann-Harris window to
- > put into my resulting spectrum? Will the levels of the harmonics
- > be affected? Can I trust it at the -90 to -100dB level?
- >
- >2. Are there better windows to use? (I have never seen anyone mention
- > 5 or 6-term windows, but I can't see why they wouldn't exist AND
- > be better than the 3 or 4 term variety. More computing power is
- > not a big issue here.)
- >
- >3. Has anyone heard of a Rosenfeld window? What are its coefficients?
- > (I noticed that Analogic Inc. uses this window in their ADC tests.)
- >
- >
- >THANKS...
- >
- >....in advance for answers to any of the above, or for any tips or
- >tidbits from your experiences with this type of problem.
- >
- >Please reply either to the net or to me, tcreasy@appliedmicro.ns.ca
- >
- >----
- >
- >Tim Creasy
- >Hardware Designer
- >Applied Microelectronics Institute
- >Halifax, NS, Canada
-
-
- Who should read the book Digital Signal Processing by
- Oppenheim and Shafer.. In my version
- there is a chapter on Power Spectrum Estimation, chapter 11.
- This chapter describes how to do what you want.
- Basicly you should apply the window to the estimate of the
- correlation estimate, then the power spectrum
- is calulated from the correlation.
-
- Jack Dunn
-
-
-