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- From: bagg@ellis.uchicago.edu (matthew john baggott)
- Subject: Re: Ecstasy
- Message-ID: <1993Jan27.233251.26573@midway.uchicago.edu>
- Sender: news@uchinews.uchicago.edu (News System)
- Reply-To: bagg@midway.uchicago.edu
- Organization: University of Chicago
- References: <21579@ucdavis.ucdavis.edu> <1993Jan22.073132.3739@news.yale.edu>
- Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1993 23:32:51 GMT
- Lines: 60
-
- In article <1993Jan22.073132.3739@news.yale.edu> FRICHARD@biomed.med.yale.edu (Frank Richardson) writes:
-
- >On the contrary, I would say that it is quite neurotoxic. Ecstacy causes a
- >profound release of the neurotrasmitter serotonin. It over stimulates the cells
- >so much they usually die. In rodents, as much as 80% of the serotonergic
-
- This is incorrect. MDMA produces a marked reduction in the density of
- 5-HT immunoreactive axon terminals, but this does not demonstrate cell
- death. It is well established that the cell bodies remain unaffected.
- See Battaglia _JPET_ 242: 911-916, for example.
-
- Assays for MDMA-induced neurotoxicity do not measure neurons; they measure
- the levels of 5-HT and its metabolites a/o the number of 5-HT uptake sites.
-
- In any case, I believe that the 80% value you cite probably refers to
- acute depletion of serotonin, as reported by Schmidt's lab. Such
- acute depletions (measured 3 hrs post-injection) tell us little about the
- structural or functional effects of MDMA. Of course there'll be acute
- reductions in 5-HT -- MDMA acts by emptying out the serotonergic neuron's
- storage vesicles! The important question would be what the brain looks
- like 1 week after a single dose (or 2 weeks or a year later).
-
- If the 80% figure refers to long term depletion, then high doses were
- repeatedly given to the animals. Since many phenethylamines produces
- axonal degeneration at high doses (methamphetamine, for example)
- without producing a similar syndrome in humans at normal levels, it
- is stretching it to claim such studies are directly relevant to
- human MDMA use. Studies of the effects of high dose regimens tell
- us about how the drugs work and how the brain handles such pharmacological
- insults; they say nothing about human use.
-
- >neurons were lost. Recall, neurons in your brain generally DO NOT regenerate,
-
- Neurons don't regenerate, but axons do regrow.
-
- >so once they're gone....Sorry if I sound like a cop, I'm not. Although it is
-
- You don't sound like a cop, you sound like someone who has breezed through a
- few papers or abstracts and hasn't looked at the issue closely.
-
- >true that no precise studies have been done in humans, I wouldn't recommend X
- >for the time being.
-
- Charlie Grob is doing precise studies. Until his results are in, I agree
- that the very cautious might want to avoid MDMA or else take a 5-HT reuptake
- blocker a couple hours after taking the MDMA. However, I personally
- think that evidence weights in favor of MDMA being safe in humans.
- Furthermore, there is scant evidence to justify placing MDMA in schedule
- 1.
-
- >Virtually,
- >myself
- >
- >####################################################################
- >Usual home of my sphere of consciousness: "I drank what?"
- >frichard@biomed.med.yale.edu -Attributed to
- >frichard@yalmed.bitnet Socrates,399B.C.
- >#####################################################################
-
- --Matt Baggott
-