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- From: jtk@s1.gov (Jordin Kare)
- Subject: Re: Aluminum as rocket fuel?
- Message-ID: <1992Dec29.221833.17424@s1.gov>
- Sender: usenet@s1.gov
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- Organization: LLNL
- References: <C005BL.5D3.1@cs.cmu.edu> <1992Dec29.134016.13037@iti.org>
- Distribution: sci
- Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 22:18:33 GMT
- Lines: 35
-
- In article <1992Dec29.134016.13037@iti.org> aws@iti.org (Allen W. Sherzer) writes:
- >Another source of information is the External Tank Study published
- >by the Space Studies Institute. Cutting up ETs for their aluminum
- >was listed as an option. Impulse of such an engine would be in the
- >330 second range. Very viable as a Lunar based fuel source.
-
- It is my understanding that there are serious technical difficulties in
- making a workable aluminum/oxygen rocket. While I'm by no means an
- expert, I believe the problems include:
-
- Injection: How do you transport Al? How do you get it to mix with the O2?
- Premixing them into a slurry (i.e., using the LOX to transport the
- aluminum) is possible, but
- a stochiometric slurry of Al powder in LOX is apparently a very
- unstable system with a tendency to detonate. It is my recollection that
- Wickman Co's approach is to stabilize such a slurry with (proprietary)
- additives. Even if you transport the Al separately (say, with a flow of
- hydrogen gas) it's not clear that you can achieve stable combustion; things
- like Al particle size are probably very critical.
-
- Cooling: The combustion temperature of Al and O2 is very high (or they
- wouldn't give even ~300 s Isp). Conventional engines are regeneratively cooled
- by the fuel. Regenerative cooling with O2 is difficult -- O2 tends to
- oxidize engine parts :-(.
-
- Exhaust flow properties: AlO2 is both refractory and abrasive.
- I don't know (and I wouldn't be surprised if no one knew) just what the
- condensation properties of AlO2 would be in a rocket exhaust, but it
- seems likely that the exhaust will chew up most throat and nozzle materials
- and may not provide very efficient thrust.
-
- None of this makes an Al-O rocket impossible, just difficult -- enough so
- that there are probably easier ways of getting mass off the moon.
-
- Jordin Kare
-