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- Newsgroups: sci.military
- Path: sparky!uunet!psinntp!ncrlnk!ncrhub2!ciss!law7!military
- From: Joseph F Baugher <jfb@ihlpl.att.com>
- Subject: Number Thirty-Nine in the Series--Bell P-39 Airacobra (8 of 9)
- Message-ID: <BzM9oK.M03@law7.DaytonOH.NCR.COM>
- Keywords: Naval Airacobras--FL-1 and F2L-1
- Sender: military@law7.DaytonOH.NCR.COM (Sci.Military Login)
- Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories - Naperville, Illinois
- Date: Mon, 21 Dec 1992 15:57:56 GMT
- Approved: military@law7.daytonoh.ncr.com
- Lines: 82
-
-
- From Joseph F Baugher <jfb@ihlpl.att.com>
-
-
- The XFL-1 Airabonita was an experimental shipboard version of the
- land-based P-39 Airacobra which was developed in parallel with the
- Army version. However, the Airabonita had the misfortune to be in
- direct competition with the Vought Corsair for Navy orders, and only
- one example was built.
-
- In February 1938, the US Navy had issued a specification for a
- high-speed, high-altitude fighter. Bell submitted a navalized version
- of the Airacobra in response to this request. At the same time,
- Chance Vought submitted a design which was eventually to emerge as the
- superlative F4U Corsair. A US Navy contract for one XFL-1 prototype
- was placed on November 8, 1938. The BuAer Number was 1588.
-
- The XFL-1 differed from its land-based counterpart primarily in having
- underwing radiators and a tailwheel undercarriage. The main
- undercarriage members were transferred to the front wing spar, and an
- arrester hook was fitted. The relocation of the main undercarriage
- members to the forward part of the wing necessitated the relocation of
- the wing-root radiators to exterior points under the rear of the
- central section of the wing. The fuselage was shorter than that of
- the P-39, the vertical tail surfaces were redesigned, and the airframe
- was stressed for carrier operations. The wing was of larger span with
- greater chord. The dorsal intake was smaller and shallower than that
- on the YP-39. Armament was to have been two 0.30-inch machine guns in
- the fuselage nose, plus a 0.50-inch machine gun or a 37-mm cannon
- firing through the propeller hub, although no armament was actually
- ever fitted to the XFL-1 prototype.
-
- The XFL-1 flew for the first time on May 13, 1940. It was powered by
- a 1150 hp Allison XV-1710-6, the first in-line engine to be fitted to
- an American naval fighter since 1928. During tests, the XFL-1
- achieved a maximum speed of 307 mph at sea level, 336 mph at 10,000
- feet, and 322 mph at at 20,000 feet. Initial climb rate was 2630 feet
- per minute, and an altitude of 20,000 feet could be attained in 9.2
- minutes. Service ceiling was 30,900 feet. Weights were 5161 pounds
- empty, 6651 pounds loaded, 7212 pounds maximum. Dimensions were span
- 35 feet 0 inches, length 29 feet 9 1/8 inches, height 12 feet 9 2/3
- inches, wing area 232 square feet.
-
- Since the use of an in-line, liquid-cooled engine as a powerplant for
- carrier-based aircraft had for many years run counter to Navy
- thinking, the project was regarded with disfavor by many.
- Longitudinal stability proved to be marginal, and the vertical tail
- surfaces were enlarged after a series of wind-tunnel tests.
- Difficulties with the Allison engine delayed delivery of the XFL-1 to
- the Navy until February of 1941. The XFL-1 failed its carrier
- qualification trials due to problems with the undercarriage. It was
- returned to the manufacturers in December 1941 for modifications.
- However, shortly afterwards, the superior performance of the F4U
- Corsair against which the Airabonita was competing led the Navy to
- decide that the XFL-1 was unsuitable for further development and the
- project was abandoned with only one example ever being built.
-
- The Navy later did operate a couple of Airacobras, but they acquired
- them directly from the Army and never used them from carriers.
- Towards the end of the war, the US Navy acquired a pair of P-39Qs from
- the Army (Ser No 42-19976 and 20807) for use as target aircraft. They
- were initially designated XTDL-1, but their designations were later
- changed to F2L-1K. Their BuAer numbers were 91102 and 91103.
-
- Sources:
-
- War Planes of the Second World War, Fighters, Volume Four, William Green,
- Doubleday, 1964.
-
- The American Fighter, Enzo Anguluci and Peter Bowers, Orion Books, 1987.
-
- United States Military Aircraft since 1909, Gordon Swanborough and Peter
- M. Bowers, Smithsonian Institution Press, 1989.
-
- P-39 Airacobra in Action, Ernie McDowell, Squadron/Signal Publications,
- 1980.
-
- The Calamitous 'Cobra, Air Enthusiast, August 1971.
-
- Joe Baugher AT&T Bell Laboratories 2000 North Naperville Road
- Naperville, Illinois 60566-7033. (708) 713-4548
-
-