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- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!usc!not-for-mail
- From: haddadi@sipi.usc.edu (Navid Haddadi)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: Lagrange successor rule (Law of succession)
- Date: 23 Dec 1992 05:24:45 -0800
- Organization: University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Lines: 30
- Sender: haddadi@sipi.usc.edu
- Message-ID: <1h9patINN4rm@sipi.usc.edu>
- References: <3207@devnull.mpd.tandem.com>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: sipi.usc.edu
-
- In article <3207@devnull.mpd.tandem.com> garyb@anasazi.UUCP (Gary Bjerke) writes:
- >
- >I was thumbing through an old statistics textbook when I came across the
- >Lagrange successor rule. The example given was that of a collection of coins
- >for which the probability of flipping a head is uniformly distributed over
- >the set of values {1/N, 2/N, ..., N/N} for N some arbitrary integer. The rule
- >states that the probability of getting a head on the (n+1)th flip given that
- >the first n flips were heads, is n/(n+1).
- >...
- >I followed the proof, but I have absolutely no intuition for this result at
- >all. I even fail to see how it applies to the rising of the sun (in what sense
- >does the unconditional probability of its rising meet the uniform-distribution
- >requirements?) Can somebody help me get a gut feel for what this result means?
-
- I'm not sure what you are asking, but here is more explanation.
- Let p be the probability of head when tossing a coin.
- What is p?
- Well, if for example p=1/2 then p=1/2 regardless of how many times
- we flip a coin and how many times we observe heads or tails. But
- lets say p is not deterministic. Then we can "guess" the value of
- p based on our observations. In fact, we can treat p as a random variable.
- If we make n observations A={hhttthhhh....} and see k heads in the
- sequence, what can be said about value of p? How about taking the
- best "guess" to be E(p|A)? (where E is the expectation)
- This value turns out to be (k+1)/(n+2) under appropriate assumtions
- (see the proof!)
- More explanation can be found in most probability books
- e.g. Papoulis, "Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes,"84,65.
-
- Navid
-