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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!morrow.stanford.edu!sumex-aim.Stanford.EDU!ho
- From: ho@sumex-aim.Stanford.EDU (Hiang-Kwee Ho)
- Newsgroups: sci.energy
- Subject: Re: Domestic Hot Water Heaters - oil vs. electric
- Date: 31 Dec 1992 19:45:40 GMT
- Organization: KSL, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
- Lines: 45
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <1hvil4INNbje@morrow.stanford.edu>
- References: <dbliss.5@fox.nstn.ns.ca> <dbliss.6@fox.nstn.ns.ca> <BzoMuq.F7z@world.std.com>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: hpp.stanford.edu
-
- In article <BzoMuq.F7z@world.std.com>, moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney) writes:
- > dbliss@fox.nstn.ns.ca (Doug Bliss) writes:
- >
- > >I have heard that oil-fired domestic hot water heaters are very
- > >ineffecient (20-30% efficiency) compared to electric hot water heaters.
- > >Does anyone have any information on efficiencies and heat losses expected
- > >from these types of hot water heaters?
- >
- > First, my home heating system is essentially a oil-fired hot water heater
- > (except the hot water heats my house not a shower) and it is rated as 87%
- > efficient. Higher efficiency is available. I see no reason why an oil
- > fired hot water heater should be only 20-30% efficient.
- >
- > Second, while the electric heater is 100% efficient at converting the
- > electricity you pay for into heat, the power plant is only about 40%
- > efficient at generating the electricity and getting it to you.
- >
- > This is reflected in the higher price of electricity compared to oil.
- >
- > (consider gas, if possible, too)
- >
- > -Mike
-
- Michael's figures are certainly closer to reality than Doug's, but that's only
- part of the story, since the figures are based on "first law" efficiency.
- First law efficiency does not distinguish between the different "quality"
- of energy (e.g. difference between work and heat, and between heat at
- different temperature levels). So, from first law analysis (based on the
- heating value of the fuel as the input), the efficiency turns out to be
- approximately 80% and 40% respectively for oil and electricity.
-
- However, in theory (and in practice in some cases), a much more efficient way
- of heating is to use a heat pump. Since a heat pump produces typically
- 3-7 times the amount of heat for a given input of work (or electricity), its
- performance beats the performance of any oil or electric water heater by
- a wide margin. (The actual "efficiency" or coefficient of performance of the
- heat pump depends on the initial temperature of the cold water, the desired
- hot water temperature etc.)
-
- Of course the problem is that it is more expensive initially, and will
- probably cost more to install and maintain. Whether the lower operating
- costs will overcome these other higher costs requires more detailed economic
- analysis.
-
- Hiang-Kwee Ho
-