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- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Path: sparky!uunet!news.mentorg.com!mentorg.com!philip
- From: philip@mentorg.com (Philip Peake)
- Subject: Re: Charging a battery
- Sender: news@news.mentorg.com (News User)
- Message-ID: <1992Dec22.233138.5463@news.mentorg.com>
- Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 23:31:38 GMT
- References: <1992Dec22.190416.26827@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>
- Nntp-Posting-Host: sun_shine.mentorg.com
- Organization: Mentor Graphics
- Keywords:
- Followup-To:
- Lines: 59
-
- In article <1992Dec22.190416.26827@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>, barr@tramp.Colorado.EDU (BARR DOUG) writes:
- |> I notice when charging my car battery that the amps goes up to about
- |> 5 when battery is dead and gradually goes down to nothing as the battery
- |> is charged. How does a battery charger sense this? The internal resistance
- |> of the battery? (but no, becuase that goes down as the charge goes up,
- |> doesn't it?). What sort of sensing circuit is used to reduce the amperage?
- |> Anyone know?
-
- None at all.
-
- What you basically have is:
-
- ---[int R1]--o---[int R2]--
- | |
- | |
- (v) Charger ---
- | 14v ----- Battery
- | |
- | |
- -------------o-------------
-
- Your charger, with no load applied, outputs about 14 volts,
- it has some internal resistance (int R1), so as you draw current from
- it, some voltage is dropped across that resistance.
-
- A fully charged battery is about 13.2 volts, and if slightly
- overcharged, about 14 volts. The battery also has some
- internal resistance (int R2), but usualy negligable compared to the
- internal resistance of the charger.
-
- An uncharged battery has a voltage of about 10.8 volts.
-
- So, we can get an idea of the value of R1 - since you say that
- an uncharged battery draws about 5 amps:
-
- 14 - 10.8 = 3.2; 3.2/5 = 0.64 ohms
-
- So, your charger internal resistance is about 0.64 ohms.
- When you draw 5 amps from it, there will be 3.2 volts
- dropped across it, so the voltage across the battery will
- be 10.8 volts.
-
- As the battery charges, the voltage across it increases.
- When it is up to 12 volts, the charging current will
- be:
-
- 14 - 12 = 2; 2/0.64 = 3.125 amps
-
- When the battery is fully charged, the current will be:
-
- 14 - 13.2 = 0.8; 0.8/0.64 = 1.25 amps.
-
- Once fully charged, the voltage across the battery rises
- quickly, and once it is at 14 volts, the current is:
-
- 14 - 14 = 0; 0/0.64 = 0 amps
-
- Philip
-
-