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- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!umn.edu!lynx!nmsu.edu!dante!kcarver
- From: kcarver@dante.nmsu.edu (Kenneth Carver)
- Subject: Re: How full is a nicad
- Message-ID: <1992Dec22.170146.21708@nmsu.edu>
- Keywords: nicad rapid charge
- Sender: usenet@nmsu.edu
- Organization: New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM
- References: <1992Dec15.103954.6299@quando.quantum.de> <BzD705.C94@zoo.toronto.edu> <1992Dec19.230112.8340@klic.rain.com>
- Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 17:01:46 GMT
- Lines: 47
-
- >In article <BzD705.C94@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
- >>In article <1992Dec15.103954.6299@quando.quantum.de> henigan@quando.quantum.de (Kevin Henigan) writes:
- >>>I believe you can tell how full a nicad is from it's Voltage...
- >>
- >>No, you can't. This is one of the fun problems of building a NiCd charger.
- >>The output-voltage curve of a NiCd is essentially flat from pretty nearly
- >>full charge to pretty nearly empty.
-
- Ah, but there *is* a way to determine when full charge is reached.
- The November, 1983 issue of the UK magazine Wireless World (now called
- Electronics World) had a construction article for a device that would
- safely charge any nicad battery pack in just one hour. Here is the
- basis of that circuit:
- "If a moderately heavy charging current is applied to a NiCd cell for
- a short period, the terminal voltage will quickly rise to a level
- somewhat higher than the voltage marked on the cell. Discharging the
- cell a little will reduce the terminal voltage once more. A repeating
- cycle of rapid charge and light discharge will produce a succession of
- slowly rising `peak' and `trough' voltages, as shown in diagram.
- If the cycle is repeated for long enough, there will come a stage at
- which the peak voltage is increasing much more steeply than the trough
- voltage. At the point the cell is losing the ability to accept
- further charge and the charger can be shut off. By measuring the
- trough voltage as a fraction of the peak voltage it is possible to
- make an end-point detector which works independently of the number of
- cells under charge, since the proportions will be constant whether
- there is just one cell or a dozen. If the charge and discharge
- currents are selected to correspond with the rated capacity of the
- battery, the same setting of the detector should be able to cope
- effectively with all cell sizes."
-
- ..........peak
- ...~~~
- v| ...~~~
- o| ....~~~~
- l| ........~~~~~
- t|....~~~~~~~~ ....................trough
- a| .............~~~~~~~~~~
- g|....~~~~~~~~
- e|___________________________________________|_______________
- time 60 min
-
- For 500 mah batteries, the device typically produces 650 ma charge
- periods for 30 seconds, alternating with 50 ma discharge for 10
- seconds.
-
- --Ken Carver
-