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- Newsgroups: sci.cryonics
- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!cbnewsm!cbnewsl!kqb
- From: kqb@cbnewsl.cb.att.com (kevin.q.brown)
- Subject: storage temp (Re: Cryoprotectant Issues)
- Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories
- Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 16:40:43 GMT
- Message-ID: <1992Dec31.164043.22563@cbnewsl.cb.att.com>
- References: <1992Dec23.171035.4159@cbnewsl.cb.att.com>
- X-Crossposted-To: cryonics mailing list
- Lines: 40
-
- ------------------------ Forwarded Message ------------------------
-
- > Date: Thu, 24 Dec 92 01:14:29 CST
- > From: Brian Wowk <wowk@ccu.UManitoba.CA>
- > Message-Subject: CRYONICS: storage temps
-
- Edgar Swank:
-
- > The interest in LN2 is for long-term storage. Referring to Hugh
- > Hixon's article from CRYOMSG 15, -80xC is clearly too warm for
- > long-term storage (1 second of body temp decay takes 17 minutes).
-
- > I would guess -164xC (L Methane) is the warmest useable (1 sec at body
- > temp = 42 years) long-term storage temp. LN2 is overkill (24 Million
- > yrs.), but is used because it's economical.
-
- The variation of reaction rate with temperature depends on the
- activation energy of the chemical reaction (see the Arrhenius equation). In
- particular, if reaction A takes place 1000 times slower if we lower the
- temperature by a given amount, this does not mean reaction B will also slow
- by a factor of a 1000. Reaction B might slow by a factor of 1,000,000 if its
- activation energy is higher than A's.
-
- As it turns out, Hugh Hixon chose one of the fastest chemical
- reactions known in nature as the benchmark for his article, "How Cold is Cold
- Enough?" This was a conservative thing to do, but it can also be misleading.
- Practically all chemical reactions will slow by a much greater factor than
- the "1 second of body temp decay takes 17 minutes" (at -80'C) figure quoted
- by Mr. Swank. Furthermore, at -130'C *all* chemical reaction rates go
- identically to zero inside cells. At this temperature (TG, or the "glass
- transition temperature"), even the Arrhenius equation fails because any
- remaining liquid water inside cells becomes as solid as glass, rendering all
- reactants immobile.
-
- I agree with Edgar that -80'C is probably not good enough for
- centuries of storage. (Believe it or not, at this temperature traces of
- unfrozen liquid water still exist inside cells.) However, -130'C will do
- quite nicely for a very long time.
-
- --- Brian Wowk
-