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- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!rutgers!igor.rutgers.edu!romulus.rutgers.edu!clong
- From: clong@romulus.rutgers.edu (Chris Long)
- Newsgroups: rec.puzzles
- Subject: Re: Guessing at random numbers. (SPOILER)
- Message-ID: <Jan.2.02.02.27.1993.25038@romulus.rutgers.edu>
- Date: 2 Jan 93 07:02:28 GMT
- References: <1992Dec24.015625.3450@csservices.Princeton.EDU>
- Organization: Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, N.J.
- Lines: 25
-
- In article <1992Dec24.015625.3450@csservices.Princeton.EDU>, Emin Gun
- Sirer writes:
-
- > I pick two numbers, randomly, and tell you one of them. You are supposed
- > to guess whether this is the lower or higher one of the two numbers I
- > picked. Can you come up with a method of guessing that does better than
- > picking the response "low" or "high" randomly (i.e. probability to guess
- > right > .5) ?
-
- This is an old chestnut. Pick any cumulative probability function P(x)
- such that a>b ==> P(a) > P(b). Now if the number shown is y, guess
- "lower" with probability P(y) and "higher" with probability 1-P(y). This
- strategy yields a probability of > 1/2 of winning since the probability
- of being correct is 1/2*( (1-P(a)) + P(b) ) = 1/2 + (P(b)-P(a)), which
- is > 1/2 by assumption.
-
- Notice that the fact that the lower and higher numbers are given with
- equal probability is important, as otherwise the giver has a strategy
- that keeps the probability of success to 1/2 or less (what is it?).
- --
- Chris Long, 265 Old York Rd., Bridgewater, NJ 08807-2618
-
- "S.B., with an I.Q. of 161, failed to complete his course of study,
- running away instead with his professor's wife."
- H. J. Eysenck, _Know Your Own I.Q._
-