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- From: harry@cv.hp.com (Harry Phinney)
- Subject: Re: Automatic transmissions for bikes
- Message-ID: <1992Dec31.220343.21015@hpcvusn.cv.hp.com>
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- Organization: Hewlett-Packard Company, Corvallis, Oregon USA
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- References: <1992Dec31.085053.26096@sifon.cc.mcgill.ca>
- Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 22:03:43 GMT
- Lines: 160
-
- marc@gauss.math.mcgill.ca (Marc Sokolowski) writes:
- : >With what sort of sensors? Perhaps a catheter sticking in a vein to
- : >measure blood lactate levels, or sensors over the rider's nose and mouth
- : >to measure respiratory ratios?
- :
- : This is way too much. After all our muscles are only the equivalent
- : of the engine's car. Your legs provide power, that's all.
-
- The human body, from mouth and nose to ass and legs is the equivalent of
- the auto's engine. After your touting of the abilities of the
- Tiptronic, I am quite surprised to hear you believe the ideal
- transmission is a simple thing. Do you not think the Tiptronic has
- knowledge of the throttle position and rate of change of the throttle
- opening? This is roughly equivalent to knowing the VO2/VO2max of the
- rider and the rate of change of the VO2.
-
- : If you want to go
- : faster, you simply press more on the pedals. That's it. What the
- : transmission will do is to make sure the acceleration to the fastest
- : possible speed proceeds in the most smooth way.
-
- Which means what? If I press harder on the pedals, does the
- transmission shift up or down?
-
- : Say you pedal at 60 rpm and
- : that the speed that your bike reach is 30 kph on the 7th speed. If you're
- : exhausted, you simply decrease the pressure on the pedal, reducing the rpm's
- : to 50 or so. The auto transmission will try to maintain you at a speed as
- : fast as possible while not making you decrease your rpm's (which means "I'm
- : exhausted! The gear is too high!!").
-
- I don't understand. First you say that the rider should decrease their
- RPMs to 50, and then you state that the transmission will not make you
- decrease your RPMs. Which is it? Does the transmission try to maintain
- a constant RPM, or a constant pedaling torque, a constant bike speed or
- what? Any of these choices will be wrong much of the time. A rider
- does not always wish to maintain a constant torque, a constant RPM, a
- constant speed, or even a constant power output.
-
- : A tach for the wheels vs tach for the
- : pedals vs variation in rpm on the pedals is all it takes.
-
- Please explain the algorithm to me. You were earlier talking about
- maintaining a constant torque. You will need force/torque sensors to
- accomplish this. Your "tachs" will not be sufficient. I already have
- the "tachs" you describe, in the form of a bike computer. It tells me
- my speed (wheel tach) and my pedaling cadence (crank tach). It cannot
- tell me how hard I am working - i.e. how much power I am producing, nor
- how much torque I am applying through the cranks. It has insufficient
- information to do so.
-
- : Simple: you put more torque on the pedals to accelerate. An
- : automatic transmission will keep you accelerating at a pace proportional to
- : this torque NO MATTER what your speed is (well... rapidly there's the effect
- : of wind, etc... but the ideal interpretation is "acceleration proportional
- : to the torque on the pedals -> Increased torque -> increased acceleration).
- : Who would be against that? When you shift manually, you simply try to
- : reproduce this effect more or less ideally.
-
- A single-speed bike will "keep you accelerating at a pace proportional
- to this torque" as well as any other bike. If I start pedaling harder,
- does your ideal transmission shift into a bigger gear, or a smaller
- gear? Hint: Either answer will be wrong about half the time.
-
- : Btw, the transmission presented in Popular Mechanics can easily be
- : converted to an all-electric manual: Just replace the computer by a set of
- : switches. Don't forget that mechanical devices loaded with electronics can
- : easily have better performance and cost less than high-quality all
- : mechanical elements (i.e. fuel injection vs carburetors in car engines).
-
- All of which is fine, and as I pointed out is a direction the derailleur
- manufacturers are already heading. I also already noted that mechanisms
- other than the traditional derailleur may indeed become common place.
- My skepticism centers on the notion of an optimal automatic
- transmission.
-
- : Same in a bike where you suddenly put more weight on the
- : pedals, which in term translates to more torque on the wheels of the bike
- : for faster acceleration. The transmission is in charge of making sure you
- : get the acceleration you deserve for your energetical investment up to the
- : target speed you want.
-
- There is no loss of energy in the single-speed case. You do not need
- any multi-speed transmission to "get the acceleration you deserve for
- your energetical investment."
-
- : And I think electronics can figure that out way more
- : effectively than me, suffering from the sprint I try to make to outrun my
- : opponents near the finish line of the 7th etape of Tour de France, just as
- : ABS can pump the breaks more effectively than me manually when I try not to
- : crash on to a concretewall at 300 kph in Indianapolis. Just a few sensors on
- : the wheels and pedal...
-
- I take it you've done a lot of bicycle racing. Tell me, just prior to
- launching an attack what do you do: A) Nothing. B) Shift into a lower
- gear for more road torque and thus better acceleration. C) Shift into a
- higher gear. D) What's "an attack"?
-
- Again, I'm interested to know what your transmission will do when I
- start pedaling harder - does it shift up or down?
-
- : And a dragster cannot match the final phase of the Saturn V first
- : stage acceleration at 9 G. I was talking about practical things here (for as
- : much as a Lambo Diablo or F40 is practicall as a mean of everyday
- : transportation).
-
- Right. Diablos and F40s are the height of practicality. You never did
- tell me what you meant by "an equivalent car engine".
-
- : >In any case, torque is not an interesting number 99+% of the time when
- : >one is riding a bicycle. The limiting factor is the sustainable power
- : >output of the rider at their chosen level of (dis)comfort.
- : >
- : Totally false, this in accordance to basic laws of physics.
-
- To exactly which laws of physics are you referring? Take a case of two
- riders riding at the same constant speed side-by-side down the same
- road. One is pedaling at 80 RPM, the other at 95 RPM (they are of
- course using different gear ratios). Are they applying the same torque
- to the pedal cranks? Are they producing the same amount of mechanical
- power? Can you predict which one will be able to maintain the given
- speed the longest?
-
- : Bikes
- : are known to reach speeds in exess of 200 kph whith appropriate drag
- : reducing mechanisms (check the solar energy cars and other hybrids). This is
- : certainly not an indication of low energy output wrt the mass involved (less
- : than 100 Kg).
-
- Power/mass ratio is interesting when going up hill. Power/drag is
- interesting on relatively flat ground. In neither case is torque by
- itself a particularly interesting factor, assuming you are referring to
- the pedal torque produced by the rider. The torque at the rear wheel is
- simply proportional to the speed of the bike/rider and the power being
- expended.
-
- : >Fine. When you find a way for me to purchase some addition
- : >"displacement" for my legs, let me know. Until that time, I will prefer
- : >the highest possible mechanical efficiency in the drive train.
- : >
- : Torque is the human muscle best asset. We are not renown for running
- : fast, but we can lift weights over 400 kg (thanks to steroid ladden
- : athletes).
-
- So what? We can't lift that much weight over and over continuously for
- an hour. This is due to the limits of the power converting metabolisms
- of our bodies. Again, the limiting factor in cycling is the sustainable
- power output of the rider. This is true for every event from the 1000m
- match sprint to stage racing. The different length events stress
- different metabolic mechanisms, but they are each limited by the body's
- ability to convert stored chemical potential energy into mechanical work
- continuously over some distance and period of time.
-
- : Of course, Gorillas are a little better, but I have yet to see an
- : elephant transport 25 tons.
-
- Neither have I ever seen an elephant attempt a squat or deadlift, nor
- have I seen a power or Olympic lifter attempt to "transport" the weight.
-
- Harry Phinney harry@hp-pcd.cv.hp.com
-