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- From: harigaya@etl.go.jp (Kikuo Harigaya)
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- Organization: Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba Science City
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- Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1992 21:34:53 GMT
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- Subject: Physics News Update #108 (12/28)
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- Organization: Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba Science City
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- PHYSICS NEWS UPDATE
- A digest of physics news items prepared by Phillip F. Schewe, AIP
- Public Information
- Number 108 December 28, 1992
-
- NEW MEASUREMENTS OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE
- BACKGROUND (CMB) reinforce the conclusion, reached earlier
- this year by scientists using the COBE satellite, that tiny
- temperature fluctuations in the early universe can be observed. A
- balloon-mounted detector has now mapped one-third of the sky
- (COBE covered the whole sky) at four microwave frequencies
- (different from COBE's) with an angular bite of 3.8 degrees (twice
- as narrow as COBE's). For all the differences in the two
- detectors, the balloon measurements of the CMB fluctuations were
- similar in magnitude and in distribution to those of COBE. The
- new results were reported by scientists from MIT (Stephan Meyer,
- 617-253-8153), NASA/Goddard, and Princeton at a recent
- cosmology meeting in Berkeley. (Science News, 19 & 26 Dec.
- 1992.)
-
- TUNGSTEN DISULPHIDE STRUCTURES can form closed
- concentric polygons and cylinders. Before now only carbon
- layered structures (e.g., Buckytubes) had been known to exhibit
- such closure. Scientists at the Weizmann Institute in Israel created
- WS2 concentric objects in sizes ranging from less than 10 nm to
- more than 100 nm. (Nature, 3 Dec. 1992.)
-
- MONTE CARLO TECHNIQUES, widely used in computer
- simulations of physical systems, entail the wholesale generation of
- random numbers. A new study by scientists at the University of
- Georgia (Alan Ferrenberg, 404-542-8460) shows that even the
- most advanced random-number generators are biased under
- certain circumstances (A.M. Ferrenberg et al., 7 Dec. Physical
- Review Letters). Using one state-of-the-art program, the
- Marsaglia-Zeman random-number generator, Ferrenberg
- discovered that a simulated performance of the two-dimensional
- Ising model (which models the behavior of a plane of neighboring
- spins) did not agree with the results when calculated exactly by
- mathematical methods. He traced the discrepancy to the random-
- number generator. Other generators tried had differing faults.
- (Science News, 19 & 26 Dec.)
-
- BILL CLINTON'S SCIENCE ADVISOR WILL BE JOHN
- GIBBONS, currently head of the Office of Technology
- Assessment. Like many recent presidential science advisors,
- Gibbons is a physicist by training. (The New York Times, 25 Dec.
- 1992.)
-
- GALILEO GALILEI WAS UNJUSTLY CONDEMNED by the
- Roman Catholic Church for promoting a Copernican cosmology,
- says Pope John Paul II. The Pontiff issued the reassessment of
- this famous 1633 case after a special Vatican commission finished
- its investigation of the matter. Mr. Galileo was unavailable for
- comment. (Sky & Telescope, Jan. 1993.)
-
- CORRECTION. The Galileo spacecraft's picture (Update 105)
- of the Earth and Moon together in one frame was not the first
- such picture (Voyager took one also) but it is the best. An
- Associated Press version of the photo appeared in The New York
- Times on December 23, 1992.
-
-
- --
-
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