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- Path: sparky!uunet!haven.umd.edu!decuac!pa.dec.com!vixie
- From: vixie@pa.dec.com (Paul A Vixie)
- Newsgroups: comp.unix.bsd
- Subject: S3 question - Amancio, are you there?
- Date: 26 Dec 92 03:41:05
- Organization: DEC Network Software Lab
- Lines: 76
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <VIXIE.92Dec26034105@cognition.pa.dec.com>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: cognition.pa.dec.com
-
- I could have addressed this directly to Amancio, but I am betting that a
- lot of other folks would like to know the answer. I have been away from
- the PC UNIX world for a while now (years, really) but I am presently
- taking a look at different PC configurations for possible BSD/386 or 386BSD
- use. I've already determined that Localbus ("VESA") is more cost effective
- than EISA (in terms of useful-bit-made-faster per dollar-spent) and that
- a VESA/ISA system is probably what I want unless the price difference of a
- VESA/EISA system is within epsilon of what I have in my new-computer fund.
-
- I see that the two greatest bit-bangers of the average computer are available
- as VESA cards: display, and disk. I'm still formulating my disk controller
- questions and perhaps I'll ask them in a future post. Right now I'm trying
- to solve the S3 mystery.
-
- At work I have a EISA/SVGA/34020 board. It is very fast when run under
- Windows 3.1; however, Microsoft had access to the 34020 specs and I don't,
- so I can't figure out how to port the X server to it and noone in this
- newsgroup seems to have done that either. It's too bad -- a 34020 with
- a minimal BITBLT interpreter downloaded into it would make for a lightening
- fast X11 server with the 34020 as almost a co-processor. However, I'm
- fairly sure that the 34020's days are numbered given something called "S3"
- and the "GUI Accelerator" that seem to be taking the market by storm.
-
- I know that SVGA is more or less a hack on the IBM VGA spec to allow more
- pixels; what I don't know is what an "SVGA S3" is. I have gathered from
- context in posts on this newsgroup that it is some kind of graphics
- accelerator chipset and that there are several different revisions of
- it and that different board manufacturers have had different results.
- Yet, VGA is fundamentally a frame buffer that has some hardware assist
- for certain operations. Where does S3 fit in? Is it another IO port, or
- just more opcodes to the existing VGA IO port? Or just a faster implementation
- of the VGA spec?
-
- There are two reasons I need to know this. First, if the VGA really is "just
- a frame buffer", then given a fast CPU and VESA it should be trivial to get
- the MIT CFB server running and have it run near the theoretical maximum
- (though at some potentially unneccessary cost in main CPU cycles). If on
- the other hand VGA is like EGA in that you can only map certain parts into
- memory at a time and it's generally cheaper to send high-level commands and
- let the graphics hardware figure out how to achieve them, then I see a
- problem.
-
- What problem? Well, DEC did this really neat thing called the "Dragon" chip
- set back on their MicroVAX II/GPX. It was really really fast -- if you wrote
- your application in FORTRAN on VMS. On the other hand if you ran under X11,
- things ran doggishly slow and the visual results were often less than perfect.
- This is because the _only_ way to talk to a Dragon is in high-level op-codes,
- and the model X11 lived in was incompatible with the one the Dragon used --
- so achieving one X11 operation often took several, or hundreds, of Dragon
- operations. Since the Dragon's speed came from its economy of scale, the
- speed was less than amazing.
-
- That seems to be what kills EGA (and non-SVGA VGA) performance on PC's. You
- can either send lots of not-exactly-what-you-wanted high level operations
- down the "wire" or you can write to memory over a very slow bus. Either way
- things are very very slow.
-
- So here comes S3. Is it the salvation to all the world's woes? That depends.
- Given VESA, one can access the VGA's "array" at memory speed (barring refresh
- stalls -- that whole thing isn't dual-ported, is it?). Is that enough? Or,
- if not, is it the S3 that gives one the extra performance and/or op-codes that
- make X11 sing? And, if that last is true, why isn't an S3 on EISA or even ISA
- "fast enough" ?
-
- I know that Amancio's numbers indicate that the problem _is solved_, one way
- or another. But before I consider plunking money down to buy one of these
- boxes, I would very much like to know _how_ it was solved. And, I would like
- to know the answer to the perennial question: "which VESA S3 card is fastest,
- and why?"
-
- Thanks in advance...
- --
- Paul Vixie, DEC Network Systems Lab
- Palo Alto, California, USA "Don't be a rebel, or a conformist;
- <vixie@pa.dec.com> decwrl!vixie they're the same thing, anyway. Find
- <paul@vix.com> vixie!paul your own path, and stay on it." -me
-