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- Newsgroups: comp.sys.amiga.hardware
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!umn.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!damiel
- From: damiel@netcom.com (Paul Theodoropoulos)
- Subject: Re: A1200/4000 ramblings...
- Message-ID: <1993Jan3.073713.9387@netcom.com>
- X-Spook-Fodder: hero heroin tree shrub bush birth life death FBI CIA NSA
- Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
- References: <3R30VB2w164w@cellar.org> <C09L8v.Fru@fc.hp.com>
- Date: Sun, 3 Jan 1993 07:37:13 GMT
- Lines: 55
-
- In <C09L8v.Fru@fc.hp.com> koren@fc.hp.com (Steve Koren) writes:
- >Steve Winokur (swinokur@cellar.org) wrote:
- >> Close... but no cigar.
-
- >No, it is perfectly correct. Movies have 24 distinct frame changes per
- >second, which is plenty enough to be perceived as smooth movement by
- >almost everyone. However, the entire image is projected "at once", not
- >scanned with an electron beam as in a CRT. This is what I was trying to
- >get across, in response to the orginal poster's comment that 24 FPS must
- >be a high enough _scan_ rate because it is high enough to be perceived
- >as smooth movement in movies.
-
- no, mr. Winokur is correct. The image is *not* projected "at once" - all
- points on the screen are *not* illuminated at the same time. the frame is
- illuminated by a smoothly spinning blade that exposes the frame as the
- blade spins down past the gate. the frame begins to be illuminated at the
- bottom of the image, and is fully illuminated at the top. then the next
- blade spins down and covers the frame, bottom to top. the frame is
- illuminated once again in this fashion (most projectors use a triple blade
- system [looks like the _Radiation_ symbol] or double blade system, and
- expose each frame twice), then the pulldown mechanism moves another frame
- into the gate while the blade has the gate covered.
-
- the main reason why 24/48 frames per second projected film has little
- noticeable flicker is because of the massively greater lumen output of
- a projector compared with a video screen. an image that is easily five to
- ten times brighter than a video screen enhances persistence of vision
- immeasurably.
-
- >Your point about doubling each frame and projecting at 48 FPS is
- >something else entirely and this used because there is, in reality, some
- >time between frames. If you could envision a perfect projection system
- >which could put up one frame and then another immediately with no
- >interval between them, 24 FPS would be perceived as both flicker free
- >(because there is no scanning of the images or time between images) and
- >smooth (because 24 images per second is enough to look that way).
-
- well, yes the image would be flicker free but it would be subject to
- visible strobing, similar to what can be seen in some of the motion
- compression schemes being applied to broadcast video.
-
- 24 fps is a barely adequate speed for image capture and reproduction -
- on film. there is significant, easily visible blurring and flicker at that
- speed. 30fps is far better, and 60 is ideal. improved shuttering systems
- help immensely - strobe synced film at 30fps can look pretty gorgeous.
-
- but that's another story.
-
- [my qualifications: former member, IATSE Local 16 - former projectionist
- and audio technician at LucasArt's Skywalker Sound. experienced with
- Tokina 35mm and Simplex 35/65mm projectors.]
-
- --
- paul theodoropoulos damiel@netcom.com (hooools@well.sf.ca.us)
- Cosysop - Threat Management Institute BBS 707 935 1713
-