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- From: hamdy@rzdspc12.informatik.uni-hamburg.de (Safuat Hamdy)
- Newsgroups: comp.os.linux
- Subject: Re: Shadow Passwords. What are they?
- Message-ID: <hamdy.725027558@rzdspc12>
- Date: 22 Dec 92 12:32:38 GMT
- References: <1992Dec17.193956.12834@unlv.edu>
- Sender: news@informatik.uni-hamburg.de (Mr. News)
- Organization: University of Hamburg, FRG
- Lines: 48
-
- maniac@unlv.edu (Eric J. Schwertfeger) writes:
-
-
- >When I recently installed 0.99, over a 0.97p?, I startet getting an
- >error message when logging in as any user I created with the adduser
- >command. It basically says that there is no shadow password for that
- >user.
-
- >Now, I haven't seen any references to just what shadow passwords are,
- >so could someone please explain what they are and how to use them.
-
- >--
- >Eric J. Schwertfeger, maniac@cs.unlv.edu
-
-
- The following explanation is not exact but quick and dirty, for more
- information please refer to the given literature!
-
-
- The Idea of Shadowpassword files is to make UNIX a bit more secure.
- Normally the passwords are stored in "/etc/password" with the shape
-
- username:encrypted password:UID:GID:additional Inf:login-dir:login-shell
-
- the point is the 2nd entry, the encrypted password. Modern computers are
- fast enough to take e.g. an english library, encrypt each item with the
- crypt(3) algorithm and compare them with the entries in "/etc/password". So
- the encryption of the passwords seemed to be no longer a protection against
- intruders.
-
- Now, with the concept of shadow passwords, the passwords in "/etc/password"
- are replaced by an asterik and the encrypted password are stored in
- "/etc/shadow".
-
- And why should that be better?
- Because "/etc/password" is readable by anyone (protection rw-r--r--) but
- "/etc/shadow" is readable only by root (protection rw-------).
-
- SEE ALSO
- S. Garfinkel & al: "PRACTICAL UNIX SECURITY", O'Reilly Nutshell Series
- AE. Frisch: "ESSENTIAL SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION", chap. 5, O'Reilly.
-
- Easy to read. Very infomative.
-
-
- Safuat Hamdy
-
- hamdy@rzdspc1.informatik.uni-hamburg.de
-