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- From: BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET
- Newsgroups: bit.listserv.c18-l
- Subject: C18-L's KALENDAR: January 4-10 (Reasons to Celebrate!)
- Message-ID: <C18-L%93010315120362@PSUVM.PSU.EDU>
- Date: 3 Jan 93 20:12:04 GMT
- Sender: 18th Century Interdisciplinary Discussion <C18-L@PSUVM.BITNET>
- Lines: 303
- Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
-
- *********************************************************************
- * *
- * THE KALENDAR - REASONS TO CELEBRATE *
- * *
- * Compiled for C18-L by Kevin Berland *
- * BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET *
- * BCJ@psuvm.psu.edu *
- *********************************************************************
- JANUARY 4:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: James Ussher, Irish divine, Archbishop of Armagh & Prelate
- of Ireland, scholar, biblical chronologist who dated creation at 4004 BCE
- (1581); Sir Isaac Newton, English physicist, astronomer, mathematician,
- alchemist, philosopher biblical chronologist (1643-1727); Giovanni Pergolesi,
- Italian comic opera composer (1710-36); Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm, German
- philologist, folklorist, scholar, fairy-tale collector (1765-1863); Francois
- Rude,
- French sculptor (1784);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Louis Braille, French musician,
- teacher, and inventor of the eponymous system for the blind (1809-52); Sir
- Isaac Pitman, English printer, publisher, inventor of shorthand (1813-97);
- Thornton Burgess, US writer of children's books featuring talking animals
- (1874-1965); Edwin Emil Witte, US economist (1887-1960); Marsden Hartley,
- US painter (1887); A.E. Coppard, English poet, short-story writer (1878);
- Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German sculptor (1881); Leroy Randle Grumman, US
- airplane maker (1895-1982); Everett McKinley Dirksen, US politician, Senator
- (1896-1969); Sterling Holloway, US actor, Disney cartoon voice (1905-92);
- Floyd Patterson, US boxer (1935);
-
- DEATHS: Marechal Duc de Luxembourg (1695); Charlotte Lennox (1804);
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1641-2, King Charles I attempted to have 5
- members of parliament (Hampden, Pym, Hollis, Haselrig, & Strode)
- imprisoned, with no success; in 1717, England, France, and the Netherlands
- signed the Triple Alliance; in 1762, England declared war on France &
- Naples, the beginning of the Seven Years' War; in 1805 Spain joined
- Napoleon against the English & their allies in the War of the 3rd Coalition;
-
- MISCELLANEA: Today is Independence Day in Burma; Zaire today
- commemorates the Martyrs of the Independence. Today is the Feast of St.
- Pharaildis (Verylde), invoked by mothers concerned for the health of their
- children.
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 5:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: Shah Jahan, 5th Moghul Emperor of Hindustan, builder of the
- Taj Mahal (1592-1666); Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos, Spanish statesman,
- jurist, and writer (1744-1811); Dr. Benjamin Rush, US physician, educator, &
- reformer, US Treasurer, founder of 1st free dispensary in US (1745-1813);
- Zebulon Montgomery Pike, US general & explorer, after whom the Peak was
- named, killed while attacking Toronto (1779-1813); Stephen Decatur, US
- naval commander (1779-1820);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Thomas Pringle, Scottish poet,
- traveller, founder of Blackwood's Magazine (1789-1834); Rudolph Christoph
- Eucken, German philosopher, 1908 Nobel Laureate (1846-1926); King G.
- Gillette, US inventor of the safety razor (1855-1932); Konrad Adenauer,
- German statesman (1876-1967); Herbert Bayard Swope, US journalist, US
- journalist (1882-1958); Bernard Leach, the great English potter (1887); Yves
- Tanguy, French surrealist painter (1900); Nicolas de Stael, French painter
- (1914); Friederich Durrenmatt, Swiss novelist & dramatist [The Visit] (1921);
- le
- Grand Duc Jean de Luxembourg (1921); William Dewitt "W.D." Snodgrass
- ,US poet (1926); Wa;ter Frederick Mondale, US politician, VP (1928); Alvin
- Ailey, US dancer & choreographer (1931); Juan Carlos I de Borbon y
- Borbon, King of Spain (1938);
-
- DEATHS: Catherine de Medici, Queen of France (1589); Elizabeth of Russia
- (1762); James Merrick (1769); James Howie (1793); Isaac Reed (1803)
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1757, Robert Francis Damiens, allegedly a
- madman, attempted to assassinate King Louis XV; in 1762, Elizabeth of Russia
- died, and was succeeded by Peter III; in 1782 the poet William Cowper wrote
- of Dryden in a letter: "Never, I believe, were such talents and such drudgery
- united!"; in 1821 Lord Byron told his diary that Sir Walter Scott is a
- "wonderful
- man! I long to get drunk with him!"; in 1825, Alexandre Dumas (pere) fought
- his first duel at 23, but failed to live up to his romantic vision -- his pants
- fell
- down (1825);
-
- MISCELLANEA: Tonight is traditionally celebrated in England as Twelfth
- Night, the last night the Christmas season; or Wassail Eve, reflecting the
- tradition of celebrating the good health of friends & neighbours by drinking a
- spicy wine or ale from a loving cup; it is also the Eve of the Epiphany or Feast
- of the Three Kings; the US marks George Washington Carver Day today.
- On this day in 1887 Columbia University opened its Library School; in 1895,
- Henry James's play Guy Domville premiered at St. James' Theatre, London --
- he arrived too late to judge aright how the audience likes the play, stepped
- forward to cries of "Author! Author!" and was hissed and booed off the stage -
- - out of revenge he wrote no more plays, turning to novels instead; in 1902,
- the 1st private performance of Shaw's Mrs. Warren's Profession (not
- performed publically in the US until 1905, not performed in England until
- 1925!); in 1905 the Audubon Society was founded; in 1906; the 1st
- performance of Shaw's The Millionairess, in German, at Vienna's Akademie
- Theatre (Vienna, 1996) -- did you ever see the movie with Peter Sellers
- (doing his Indian doctor schtick) and we think it was Sophia Loren?)
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 6:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: Richard II, King of England (1367-1400); Jeanne d'Arc,
- French patriot, saint (1402); David Dale, English philanthropist (1739);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Jedediah Strong Smith, US explorer,
- 1st to enter California from the east, &c. (1799-1831)); George Thomas Doo,
- English engraver (1800); Charles Sumner, US politician, abolitionist (1811-74);
- Heinrich Schliemann, German archaeologist, discoverer of Troy (1822-90);
- Gustave Dore, French printmaker (1832); William (or Thomas) Sherlock Scott
- Holmes, fictional English detective, born at Mycroft Farm, near the Sigerside,
- North Riding of Yorkshire (1854); Carl Sandburg, US poet, folksinger,
- folkhistorian (1878-1967); Thomas Edwin "Tom" Mix, US cowboy movie actor
- (1880-1940); Sam Taliaferro Rayburn, US politician, Speaker of the House
- (1882-1961); Khalil Gibran, Syrian-born US poet (1883--1931); Alan Watts,
- English-born US writer, philosopher (1915-73); Jean Ipousteguy, French
- sculptor (1920); Edgar Lawrence Doctorow, US novelist (1931);
-
- DEATHS: Bishop Seth Ward (1694); John Dennis (1734); Frances "Fanny"
- Burney, Mme. D'Arblay (1840); James Smith (1840);
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1622 King James I of England sent Sir
- Edward Coke to prison for advocating common law in face of royal
- prerogative (part of the prehistory of modern democracy); in 1738, the 1st
- 18th-century performance of Shakespeare's Richard II took place at Covent
- Garden on that king's 371st birthday; in 1797 Albany became the capital of
- New York State;
-
- MISCELLANEA: Today is Christmas in Ethiopa (Eastern Orthodox Church);
- Iraq celebrates Army Day; iy is the feast of the Epiphany or Adoration of the
- Magi, the 12th Day of Christmas.
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 7:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: Pope Gregory XII, pope 1572-85, inventor of the reformed,
- Gregorian calendar (1502-85); Israel Putnam, American revolutionary
- general, legend (1718-90); Jacques Etienne Montgolfier. French inventor &
- balloonist, in 1783 developer of 1st practical hot-air ballon (1745-99); Joseph
- Bonaparte, King of Naples 1806-08, King of Spain 1808-13, brother to
- Napoleon (1768-1844);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Eilhardt Mitscherlisch, German
- chemist (1794-1863); Millard Fillmore, US politician, statesman, 13th president
- (1800-74); Robert Nicoll, poet (1814); Albert Bierstadt, German-born US
- painter of the Hudson River School (1830-1902) ; Marie Bernarde Soubiroux,
- better known as Bernadette, French visionary nun of Lourdes (1844-79);
- King Louis III, last King of Bavaria 1913-1918 (1845-1921); P.A.J. Dagnan-
- Bouveret, French painter (1852); Konstantin Stanisalvski, Russian actor,
- director, founder of the Moscow Arts Theatre, inventor of method acting
- (1863-1938); Charles Peguy, French poet & philosopher (1873-1914); Adolph
- Zukor, Hungarian-born US film tycoon (1873-1976); Francois Poulenc,
- French composer, (1899-1963); Baron Alain de Rothschild, French banker,
- Jewish leader (1910-92); Charles Addams, US mordant New Yorker cartoonist
- (1912); Jean-Pierre Louis Rampal, French virtuoso flautist (1922); Gerald
- Durrell, English zoologist, raconteur, survivor of a very odd, colourful
- childhood with brother Lawrence & other animals (1925);
-
- DEATHS: Fenelon de la Mothe (1715); Allan Ramsay (1758);
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1450, the University of Glasgow was
- founded; in 1610, Galileo first saw the major satellites of Jupiter; in 1714,
- the
- 1st typewriter patent was issued in England; in 1761, the Moghul rule in India
- ended; in 1782, the Bank of North America opened in Philadelphia; in 1785,
- Francois Blanchard & John Jeffries made the 1st crossing of the English
- channel from Dover to Calais by hot air balloon; in 1789 George Washington
- was elected the 1st US president; in 1807, the English navy blockaded the
- French coast;
-
- MISCELLANEA: Today is Pioneer's Day in Liberia; it is also the Feast of St.
- Reinold, patron of stone masons. As the day after 12th Day, the 7th used to be
- celebrated as St. Distaff's Day, when spinning was to resume after the
- Christmas Holiday. On this day in 1933 Louis Gruenberg's opera The
- Emperor Jones, starring Paul Robeson, premiered at New York's
- Metropolitan Opera.
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 8:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: ; Elisabetta Sirani, Italian painter (1638); Jonathan Belcher, U
- merchant, colonial governor of Massachusetts, New Hampshire & New
- Jersey (1682-1756); Jacques Francois Blondel, French architect (1705); John
- Carroll, 1st Roman Catholic bishop in US & founder of Georgetown
- University (1735-1815);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Lowell Mason, US hymnist &
- educator (1792-1872) ; Alfred Russel Wallace, English explorer & naturalist
- (1823-1913); Wilkie Collins, English novelist and inventor of detective fiction
- (1824-89); Henri Giffard, French aeronaut, inventor of the first skyworthy
- steerable airship (1825-82); Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, English painter
- (1836); Frank Nelson Doubleday, US editor & publisher (1862-1961); Emily
- Green Balch, US economist, social scientist, pacifist, 1946 Nobel Peace Prize
- (1867-1961); James Craig, Viscount Craigavon, Irish statesman, 1st PM of
- Northern Ireland (1871-1940); William Thomas Piper, US small-airplane
- maker (1881-1970); John Curtin, Australian editor, statesman, PM (1885-1945);;
- Georgi Maximilianovich Malenkov, Russian leader, Premier of USSR (1902);
- Curtis Arnoux Peters, better known as Peter Arno, US (New Yorker)
- cartoonist -- read Brendan Gill's account in Here at the New Yorker (1904-68);
- Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova, Russian Soviet prima ballerina (1910); Jose
- Vincente Ferrer y Centron, Puerto Rican actor (1912); Elvis Aron Presley, US
- rock star, who once allegedly said in public, "I don't know anything about
- music. In my line you don't have to" (1935-77); Stephen Hawking, English
- theoretical physicist, author, teacher (1942);
-
- DEATHS: Galileo Galilei (1642); John, Earl of Stair (1707); Sir
- Thomas Burnet (1753); John Baskerville (1775); Sir William Draper (1787);
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1756, the Haarlem Courant, one of the
- earliest & longest-running newspapers, was 1st published; in 1790, US
- President George Washington delivered the 1st State of the Union Address
- (1790); in 1798 the 11th Amendment to the US Constitution (modifying
- Supreme Court Powers) Was ratified; in 1800, the 1st soup kitchens for the
- relief of the poor were opened in London; in 1812, Andrew Jackson's army
- defeated the British forces at the Battle of New Orleans, an event later
- memorialized by a fiddle tune called "The 8th of January," and still later by
- Johnny Horton's hit ("Wal, they ran through the briers an they ran through
- the brambles an they ran through the bushes where the rabbits would'n go,
- they ran so fas that the houns could'n git them, down the Mississippi to the
- Gulfa Mexico...");
-
- MISCELLANEA: On this day in 1959 General Charles de Gaulle became
- President of the 5th Republic of France. Today is the Feast of St. Gudula,
- patron of Brussels.
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 9:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: Pope Gregory XV, pope 1621-23 (1554-1623); Simon Vouet,
- French painter (1590); Nicolas Coustou, French sculptor (1658); John Jervis,
- Earl St. Vincent, English admiral, 1st Lord of the British Admiralty (1734);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: William Powell Frith, English painter
- (1819); John Knowles Paine, US composer, educator, professor of music at
- Harvard (1839-1906); Carrie Chapman Catt, US reformer, founder of the US
- League of Women Voters (1859-1919); Hayyim Bahman Bialik, Hebrew poet
- (1873-1934); John Broadus Watson, US behaviourist psychologist (1878-1958);
- Humbert I, King of Italy 1844-1900 (1878-1900); Richard Haliburton, US
- explorer & author [Royal Road to Romance, &c.] who retraced the routes of
- Hannibal, Alexander the Great, but was lost at sea trying to sail in a Chinese
- junk from Hong Kong to San Francisco (1900-39); Sir Rudolf Bing, Anglo-
- Austrian impresario, manager of the Metropolitan Opera (1902); Georgy
- Melitonovich Balanchivadze, better known as George Balanchine, Russian-
- born US ballet impresario & choreographer (1904-83); Simone de Beauvoir,
- French feminist, novelist, existentialist, pal of Jean Paul Sartre, which
- couldn't
- have been easy since he was the man who said "Hell is other people" (1908);
- Richard Milhous Nixon, US lawyer, 37th president, crook (1913); Rose
- Louise Hovick, better known as Gypsy Rose Lee, US burlesque dancer,
- actress, author, choreographer (1914-70); Joan Baez, Mexican-American
- folksinger, pacifist, activist, author (1941);
-
- DEATHS: Bernard de Fontenelle (1757); Thomas Birch (1766); Elizabeth O.
- Benger (1822); Caroline Lucretia Herschel (1848);
-
- ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1493, King Vladislav II of Poland granted
- Polish noblemen the Habeus Corpus Constitution of Cracow; in 1570, Ivan the
- Terrible did terrible things in rebellious Novgorod; in 1683, King Charles II
- of England issued orders to regulate the practice of touching for the King's
- Evil (scrofula), which would take place only during the winter months; in 1723,
- the 1st performance of Charles Forrest's Love in a Forest, a reworking of
- Shakespeare's As You Like It, premiered at Drury Lane; in 1793, 1st
- successful balloon flight in N. America, by Francois Blanchard over
- Philadelphia; in 1809, the US issued the interestingly-named "Non-Intecourse
- Act" against British commerce; in 1816, Davy's safety lamp was 1st used in an
- English mine;
-
- MISCELLANEA: Today is National Mourning Day (Martyrs' Day) in
- Panama. It's the Feast of St. Julian, patron of hospitality and hoteliers.
-
- *************************************************************************
- JANUARY 10:
-
- BIRTHDAYS: Ethan Allen, US patriot, leader of the Green Mountain Boys
- during the American Revolution, Vermont hero (1738-89); Michel Ney,
- French general, Napoleon's marshal (1769-1815);
-
- LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST: Dr. George Birckbeck (1776); John
- Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, English historian, 1834);
- John Wellborn Root, US architect, founder of the Chicago School [form
- follows function] (1850-92); Adrien Wettach, better known as Grock, Swiss
- clown (1880-1959); Aleksei Nikolaivich Tolstoi, Russian author of short-stories
- & novels (1882-1945); Francis X. Bushman, US silent-screen actor, proto-
- Tarzan & heart-throb (1883-1966); Robertson Jeffers, US poet (1887-62);
- John Held Jr., US illustrator, best know for his "flapper" cartoons (1889);
- Vicente Huidobro, Chilean poet, novelist, critic (1893-1948); Katherine Burr
- Blodgett, US physicist, 1st woman research scientist at GE, inventor of non-
- reflecting invisible glass (1898-1979); Barbara Hepworth, English sculptor
- (1903); Gustav Husak, Czechoslovak leader, president (1913); Mehmet
- Shehu, Albanian statesman (1913-81); Dean Dixon, US musician, 1st black &
- youngest to conduct the New York Philharmonic (1915-76); Sherrill Milnes,
- US operatic baritone (1935); Ronnie Hawkins, nearly famous Arkansas-born
- Canadian rock musician, bandleader for the Band before Bob Dylan and
- before their name (1935); George Foreman, US boxer (1949);
-
- ON THIS DAY: in 1645, England's Bishop Laud was executed; in 1743,
- English poet Richard Savage was arrested in Bristol for a coffee-house debt
- of 8 pounds; in 1757, the Holy Roman Empire, Russia, Poland, & Sweden
- declared war on Prussia; in 1776, Thomas Paine published Common Sense,
- which sold more than half a million copies;
-
- MISCELLANEA: On this day in 1920, the League of Nations was founded.
-