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- Newsgroups: alt.usage.english
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!wupost!udel!princeton!astro!mikulska
- From: mikulska@astro.Princeton.EDU (Margaret Mikulska)
- Subject: tug/tugging (was: Re: An apology)
- Message-ID: <1992Dec26.044141.1513@Princeton.EDU>
- Originator: news@nimaster
- Sender: news@Princeton.EDU (USENET News System)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: astro.princeton.edu
- Reply-To: mikulska@astro.princeton.edu (Margaret Mikulska)
- Organization: Princeton University
- References: <92358.194517CLINDSAY@vma.cc.nd.edu>
- Date: Sat, 26 Dec 1992 04:41:41 GMT
- Lines: 57
-
- In article <92358.194517CLINDSAY@vma.cc.nd.edu> <CLINDSAY@vma.cc.nd.edu> writes:
- >
- >I have a question unrelated to this subject line.
-
- May I suggest, then, that you change it?
-
- >In the sentence, "She felt someone tug her coat" what justifies
- >the form "tug"? Is it a subjunctive perhaps? I note how it differs
- >in meaning from "she felt someone tugged her coat" and "she felt
- >somone tugging her coat" but how can "tug" be the verb of "someone"?
- >(It's not an imperative of course: "someone tug her coat please.")
- >Curious Al
-
- First point: What's this beast?
-
- It's an infinitive. Most verbs require the use of the "full
- infinitive", i.e., with "to", some take the "bare infinitive" (without
- "to"). For instance:
-
- * tell, teach, etc., take the full infinitive:
-
- She told him TO lock the door.
- He taught her TO cook.
-
- * let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, and a few more take the 'bare'
- infinitive:
-
- She heard him lock the door.
- He let her take the car.
- She felt someone tug her coat.
-
- * help can take either:
-
- They helped him (TO) move the car.
-
- (Actually, I'm curious which usage is more common and where: "help +
- bare infinitive" or "help + full infinitive". I certainly hear the
- variant without "to" most of the time.)
-
- Second point: "tug" vs. "tugging".
-
- The verbs "see", "hear", and "feel" can take either the (bare)
- infinitive or the present participle, for instance:
-
- "I saw him *cross* the street" vs. "I saw him *crossing* the street".
-
- The difference, as I was taught, is that the infinitive implies that the
- action is complete, that is, I saw the whole action of crossing the
- street; while the participle suggests that only a part of the action was
- seen (heard, felt).
-
- Corrections welcome, especially that grammar books don't seem to fully
- agree on some minor points of this issue.
-
-
- -Margaret
-
-