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- From: yarvin@cs.yale.edu (Norman Yarvin)
- Newsgroups: alt.current-events.somalia
- Subject: Re: WHAT?!?!?!
- Date: 27 Dec 1992 16:39:20 -0500
- Organization: Yale Computer Science Department
- Lines: 85
- Message-ID: <1hl7q8INNnql@CATHY.NA.CS.YALE.EDU>
- References: <1992Dec22.182540.5282@sunova.ssc> <1766500006@igc.apc.org>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: cathy.na.cs.yale.edu
-
- Dorothy Morse <dmorse@igc.apc.org> writes:
- > Photographers and journalists
- >on the scene repeatedly report that their editors told them that
- >'people aren't interested in starving African children.' This is
- >exactly the same reasoning used to suppress news about the Ethiopian
- >famine in 84. And of course, when the news got out, people were not
- >only interested,but demanded in great numbers with great vehemence
- >that something be done.
-
- The media ignored the situations, in both Ethiopia and Somalia, for a
- while. Then they realized that the starvation was a Great Cause. Which I
- define by the following three characteristics:
-
- 1. it is a severe problem. (so people will be interested in it.)
-
- 2. it is something people do not know about. (so that they will be
- hungry for news on it.)
-
- 3. it is something for which, at first glance, there is an extremely
- simple solution. (so that the solution need not be explained;
- people can be left to infer it on their own.)
-
- Clearly both the Ethiopian and Somalian starvations meet these three
- criteria. In both cases the situation was not generally known before the
- story "broke". In both cases there was an obvious solution: send food.
- (Other Great Causes currently active include the war on drugs and the
- efforts to confiscate guns.)
-
- If such a Great Cause exists, the TV stations can boost their ratings and
- the newspapers can improve circulation by covering it intensively. And if
- all the media sources cooperate, the impact of the story is much greater.
- But the people in the media are not omniscent. It has to be hammered into
- their heads that items (1), (2), and (3) above are present, before they make
- the decision to intensively report the story.
-
- Which is not to suggest that there is a conspiracy which makes this choice.
- All that is required is for one news outlet to "break" the story in such a
- way that (1) through (3) are apparent to the other news outlets. Then the
- other news outlets will follow the example of the first.
-
- But there is a constant search for new Great Causes. The result of this is
- that the media tends to make common cause with those groups which tend to (1)
- exaggerate the severity of problems, (2) invent new "problems", and (3)
- portray everything as having a simple solution.
-
- This means that they espouse the ideas of liberals far more than they
- espouse conservative ideas. Yet it is an alliance of convenience only, as
- is shown by the war on drugs -- an instance where the media are allied with
- conservatives.
-
- The Ethiopian situation was a prime example of the media taking the liberal
- viewpoint. You will perhaps recall that around the time of the massive
- publicity, there was a concert, offered by a group of well-known musicians
- who called themselves "Band Aid". The concert was nationally televised, and
- the television audience was exhorted to contribute to the relief effort.
-
- A year later, in a small item in the back of a newspaper, I found an
- accounting of how the money had been spent. 50% of the money had been spent
- on "administration". 30% had been spent on food. I do not recall where the
- article said the other 20% went. Perhaps it was spent on transportation. So
- half of the money went to line the pockets of the people who organized the
- event.
-
- But that corruption was minor compared to what went on in Africa. There was
- plenty of food piled up at the ports at the same time as people were dying
- in the interior. The government would not provide trucks to transport the
- food, and this was a Marxist government which owned all the trucks in the
- country. Very well, decided the aid workers: we will bring in our own
- trucks. The government agreed to this on two conditions: that the trucks be
- new Mercedes-Benzes, and that they be turned over to the government after
- the relief operation. At least one aid organization quit in disgust at that
- point. For it had become evident that the government was using the famine
- to kill off people in areas which were controlled by antigovernment rebels.
- Relief efforts would have messed up this policy.
-
- There is currently no famine in Ethiopia. This is because two years after
- the great famine and publicity, the problem of the government obstructing
- food distribution was solved. And it was solved in the most conservative,
- cold-war fashion imaginable: the rebels won the war.
-
-
- --
- Norman Yarvin yarvin@cs.yale.edu
- "Power corrupts. Absolute power is kind of neat."
- -- John Lehman, Secretary of the Navy 1981-1987
-