home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!ogicse!news.u.washington.edu!stein.u.washington.edu!hlab
- From: ST102078@BROWNVM.brown.edu (The Garth)
- Newsgroups: sci.virtual-worlds
- Subject: SCI: Neural Interface (some answers :)
- Message-ID: <1992Nov16.100318.10828@u.washington.edu>
- Date: 16 Nov 92 03:57:56 GMT
- Article-I.D.: u.1992Nov16.100318.10828
- Sender: news@u.washington.edu (USENET News System)
- Organization: University of Washington
- Lines: 159
- Approved: cyberoid@milton.u.washington.edu
- Originator: hlab@stein.u.washington.edu
-
-
-
- I've notice a number of request lately for information about Neural
- Interfacing / Neuro-Prosthetics; so I rounded up my reference
- collection from the last few years. Much of this was posted to Sci_VW
- or Neur-Sci or just found puttering around in our University library.
- Check out the u.washington.edu Archives for some more info. I'm
- pretty sure most of it is correct as I have chased down as many refs
- as possible.
- !ENJOY?
- *NeuroMouse?:
- TIME magazine 7/1/74 pg.67 Lawrence Pinneo a researcher @ Stanford
- Reasearch Institute got 7-degrees of freedom from EEG reading anaylsis
- could control a cursor UP/DOWN/LEFT/RIGHT/SLOW/FAST/STOP with 60%
- accuracy.
-
- *Neuro Interfacing In the May 1990 issue of _Science_, Science intern
- Sarah Williams reports on a neural interface device developed at
- Stanford University [1]. The report Here is a summary of the
- information in the article, corrected where necessary by drawing from
- Kovacs' letter:
-
- 1. "Tapping into Nerve Conversations" (Research News), _Science_ 248,
- p. 555 (4 May 1990). There's a good photo of the earlier 64-electrode
- prototype chip. 2. "Neural Interfacing" (Letters), _Science_ 248,
- pps. 1280-1281 (15 June 1990).
-
- * :Neural prosthetic interfaces with the nervous system: Gerald Loeb,
- Trends in Neuroscience 1989 vol 21 pg195-200
- *Analog VSLI & Neural Systems, Carver Mead QA76.5 .a44 1989
- * :Artificial Vision for the Blind: Science 1974 440-444 vol183
- * In a DISCOVER magazine this summer 7 or 8/92 there was an article
- about :Making Brains: or some such. Further refs from there include:
- +Biocomputers: The Next Generation in Japan, ed. Tsuguchika, trans.
- Norman Cook ISBN:0412357704
- One of the koolest researchers was
- Masuo Aizawa @ Tokyo Institute of Technology (Yokohama Campus), who is
- working on making an artificial brain (neuron by artificial neuron!!!)
-
- * Many neural prosthetics have clinical application so check out
- Artificial Organ books:
- + Neural Prosthesis: Fundamental Studies, Agnew & Douglas
- + Artificial Organs, JD Andrade et al, VCH 1986 RD130.I588 R
- + Implants Recon. the Human Body, Lynch 1982 RD130.L88 R
- + Spare-Part Surgery, Longmore 1969 RD130.L64
- + The Body Shop, J Cauwels, CV Mogby Co, St Louis 1986 RD130.c38
- + Visual Prosthesis, Academic Press 1971 p.315-319 This one is (I think)
- by G.S.Brindley, the guy who made the first visual prosthesis back in
- 1959 or so.
-
- Also check out some recent reports on Neural Nets:
- + Handbook of Neural Computing Applications, Maren QA76.5 M232 1990 R
- + In the Image of the Brain: Breaking the barrier btw Human Mind and
- Intelligent Machines, Jubak, Little-Brown&Co, 1992
-
- -Subject: Neural Interfacing and VR
-
- Neural Interfacing (and its application to VR) might be here sooner than
- you think. Some 15 years ago a UCLA research project successfully used
- VERY low end minicomputers to detect specific thoughts. The basic idea
- was/is that it possible to pattern match a properly filtered set of
- brain waves to a previously captured sample. When you: e got a good
- match, you can respond to the command in a manner similar to voice
- recognition. I recommend that you go to your local university library,
- and borrow the thesis entitled: Computer System Architecture for a
- Brain Computer Interface Ronald Olch 1975(?)
-
- RonaldUs master thesis was pretty dry reading about the actual physical
- layout of the lab and and the kinds of minicomputers, punch tape
- readers, plotters, cabling, etc, etc. There was a notable absense of
- specific algorhythms and sample code. I did ch ckle a bit when I read
- a paragraph describing what the coming powerful (in 1975?)
- microprocessors would do to improve this process of recognizing
- thoughts. Its 1990, can you say DSP? Having read this, I managed to
- track Mr. Olch down and interogated :-) him about the actual mechanics
- of recognizing specific thoughts. Very Interesting stuff. Its not as
- hard as you might think (pun intented!). Mr. Olch is no longer involved
- with this research... But he did tell me that the Principal Researcher
- was a Jaques (sp?) Vidal. While Jaques hasnUt published under his
- name, he has been a co-authored a variety of papers which have a lot to
- do with where VR/Neural Interfacing is going.
-
- :Subject: Re: Neural Interfacing and VR (this copied start of the list)
- > thesis entitled: > Computer System Architecture for a Brain Computer
- Interface > Ronald Olch > 1975(?) I did check up on some of this work
- for a related purpose - measurement of stress to guage user satisfaction
- with features of the computer interface (submited for publication). The
- specific references for (some of) J.J. Vidal's work are (from my notes,
- o iginally Comp & Info Syst Abstr):
-
- "Toward direct brain-computer communication," J.J. Vidal. Annual
- Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Vol 4, p. 157.
-
- "Biocybernetic control in man-machine interaction" (AD-777 720/4GA),
- J.J. Vidal. NTIS, Sprinfield, VA, April 1974, 101 pages.
-
- Same, (N77-15662), J.J. Vidal, M.D. Puck, R.J. Hickman, R.H. Olch.
- NTIS, Springfield, VA. March 1976, 99 pages.
-
- Same, (N77-15663), by Same. NTIS, Springfield, VA. September 1975, 82
- pp.
-
- "Real-time detection of brain events in EEG," J.J. Vidal. IEEE
- Proceedings, Vol. 65 (5), May 1977, pp. 633-641.
-
- "Generation of ECG prototype waveforms by piecewise correlation
- averaging," Hecht and Vidal. IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis & Machine
- Intelligence, Vol PAMI-2 (5), September 1980, pp 415-420.
-
- I must admit that I didn't track down all these references since it soon
- became obvious that there is a lot of this sort of research. Most of it
- is found in Psychology libraries under the title "evoked potentials."
- It is used for various purposes rangin from measurement of stress and
- mental workload (MACINTER has some related articles) to measurement of
- visual accuity in children. It is also used to monitor patients during
- surgery from remote sights (Sclabassi, PhD, MD at U Pitt was doing some
- of this type of work. thanks to:>>>>>>Paul Mullins FC137501@YSUB.YSU.EDU
-
- : Neural Prosthesis (yet another LOG Mail item some repeated from above)
-
- Agnew, William F. & Douglas B. McCreery (Eds). Neural Prostheses:
- Fundamental Studies. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1990. ISBN 0-13-615444-1.
-
- Girvin, John P. Current status of artifical vision by electrocortical
- stimulation. Can J Neurol Sci 15:58-62. 1988.
-
- Loeb, Gerald E. Neural prosthetic interfaces with the nervous system.
- TINS 12(5)195-201. 1989.
-
- Veraart, C. Neurophysiological approach to the design of visual
- prostheses: a theoretical discussion. J Med Eng & Tech 13(1/2):57-62.
- 1989.
-
- Search literature for work by G S Brindley (retired) & D N Rushton MRC
- Neurological Prostheses Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London. Also
- search for work by W H Dobelle (was at U Utah -- now running a
- neuroprostheses company -- "The Dobelle Institute" fo Avery Labs).
- Brindley did much of the fundamental work on visual prostheses -- and
- Dobelle did much of the fundamental work on auditory prostheses. I
- spoke with Brindley about two years ago -- he rightly pointed out one of
- the main problems with design of sensory prostheses using any form of
- visual stimulation was the immense cost and long duration of the
- necessary research work -- he managed to stud three patients w/
- chronicly implanted visual cortex stimulator arrays in his career.
- thanks to: >>>>>>AJ Annala
-
- Also check out
- BYTE Oct 1992, pg 137-146 :Silicon Brains:
- IEEE Trans on BioMed Eng vol 37 no12 Dec 1990 : A new mode of
- communication between man and his surroundings:
- SCIENCE NEWS Dec 21&28 1991 :Analog Silicon Neurons Mimic the Real Thing:
-
- Thats all for now, Cheerio!!
-
-
- "By hiding the eyes, mirrorshades prevent Arioch
- the forces of normalcy that seeing that aka GKS
- one is crazed and possibly dangerous."
- -Mirrorshades ST102078@BROWNVM
-