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- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Path: sparky!uunet!utcsri!utzoo!henry
- From: henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer)
- Subject: Re: ROTATION OF THE MOON
- Message-ID: <BxxCzC.8wn@zoo.toronto.edu>
- Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 18:35:35 GMT
- References: <10160@ncrwat.Waterloo.NCR.COM>
- Organization: U of Toronto Zoology
- Lines: 34
-
- In article <10160@ncrwat.Waterloo.NCR.COM> tjgerman@53iss6.Waterloo.NCR.COM (Trevor German) writes:
- > ...rotational speed of the moon. I know it has a rotation time
- > that matches the orbit time but I was wondering why this is ?
- > Is the match exact ?
-
- Yes. The Earth raises tides in the Moon the same way the Moon raises
- tides in the Earth (there are tides in the Earth's crust and atmosphere
- as well as in the oceans, although they're less conspicuous). Having
- tidal bulges constantly moving over the surface takes energy, because
- there's friction involved in moving that mass around -- be it fluid
- flow or flexing rock -- and some energy gets lost as heat. That energy
- has to come from somewhere. Most any small satellite of a larger body
- will rapidly lose rotational energy to tidal drag, and end up rotating
- in synchronization with its orbit, so the tidal bulges are "frozen" in
- and do not move. The Moon is not unique in this; a lot of the planetary
- moons in the solar system show this locked rotation.
-
- It works both ways too. Earth's rotation rate is slowing, very slightly,
- due to tidal drag from the Moon (and the Sun). It's taking much longer
- than it took for the Moon, because the Earth is much the more massive of
- the two.
-
- If you want to see tidal effects in action on a large scale, look at Io.
- Its rotation is locked to Jupiter, but it still has tides because its
- orbit is slightly elliptical (so the bulges, although fixed in place,
- rise and fall as the distance to Jupiter varies). Tidal drag would have
- circularized the orbit long ago, except that Io is locked in a resonance
- with the other large moons that draws energy from all of them to keep it
- in that orbit. And so Io *boils* -- it's the tidal friction that keeps
- those volcanoes erupting furiously on such a small body, which normally
- would have lost all its internal heat long ago.
- --
- MS-DOS is the OS/360 of the 1980s. | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
- -Hal W. Hardenbergh (1985)| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
-